![objective c
• @
• @interface, @implementation, @class
• @property, @synthesize
• @protocol
• NSString* str = @”hello world”
• [receiver message]
• C C++](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/iphone-dev-110331120151-phpapp01/85/Beginning-to-iPhone-development-12-320.jpg)
![action
CGRect rect = CGRectMake(20, 20, 100, 30);
UIButton* myButton = [UIButton
buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeRoundedRect];
myButton.frame = rect;
[myButton setTitle:@"my button"
forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[myButton addTarget:self action:@selector(btnClick:)
forControlEvents : UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
[self.view addSubview:myButton];](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/iphone-dev-110331120151-phpapp01/85/Beginning-to-iPhone-development-22-320.jpg)
![Value and Collection
Classes
• NSString & NSMutableString
• NSArray & NSMutableArray
• NSDictionary & NSMutableDictionary
• NSSet & NSMutableSet
• NSNumber [a obj-c object wrapper for basic C
type]
• (NSNumber* num = [NSNumber
numberWithInt:3])](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/iphone-dev-110331120151-phpapp01/85/Beginning-to-iPhone-development-25-320.jpg)
![but how to solve this ?
- (Person*) getChild {
Person* child = [[Person alloc] init];
[child setName:@”xxxx”];
....
// will return ... [child release] or not ?
return child;
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/iphone-dev-110331120151-phpapp01/85/Beginning-to-iPhone-development-32-320.jpg)
![Autorelease
• NSAutoreleasePool* pool ...
• [object autorelease]
• autorelease
NSAutoreleasePool
release](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/iphone-dev-110331120151-phpapp01/85/Beginning-to-iPhone-development-33-320.jpg)
![That’s why create pool
first ...
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
NSAutoreleasePool* pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];
// put your own code here ...
[pool release];
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/iphone-dev-110331120151-phpapp01/85/Beginning-to-iPhone-development-34-320.jpg)
![how to solve this ?
- (Person*) getChild {
Person* child = [[Person alloc] init];
[child setName:@”xxxx”];
....
// will return ... [child release] or not ?
return [child autorelease];
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/iphone-dev-110331120151-phpapp01/85/Beginning-to-iPhone-development-35-320.jpg)
![Autorelease Pool Stack
NSAutoreleasePool* poolFirst ..
for (int i=0; i < 10000; i++) {
NSAutoreleasePool* poolSecond ...
// have some autorelease object
// [object autorelease]
[poolSecond release];
}
// other code
[poolFirst release];](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/iphone-dev-110331120151-phpapp01/85/Beginning-to-iPhone-development-37-320.jpg)
![Autorelease Pool
•
• NSAutoreleasePool
• alloc release
• Autorelease pool retain
autorelease [pool retain] or [pool autorelease]
• AutoreleasePool “
”
• pool pool
iphone
release autorelease](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/iphone-dev-110331120151-phpapp01/85/Beginning-to-iPhone-development-38-320.jpg)
![• new alloc copy
1.
release autorelease
•
1
[NSString stringWithString:@”objc”]
•
retain release](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/iphone-dev-110331120151-phpapp01/85/Beginning-to-iPhone-development-39-320.jpg)
![Display data in Table View
•
• Table views display a list of data, so use an array
• [myTableView setList:myListOfStuff];
•
• All data is loaded upfront
• All data stays in memory
•
• Another object provides data to the table view
• Not all at once
• Just as it’s needed for display
• Like a delegate, but purely data-oriented](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/iphone-dev-110331120151-phpapp01/85/Beginning-to-iPhone-development-94-320.jpg)
![SQLite Obj-C Wrapper
• http://code.google.com/p/flycode/source/browse/
trunk/fmdb
• A query maybe like this:
• [dbconn executeQuery:@"select * from call"]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/iphone-dev-110331120151-phpapp01/85/Beginning-to-iPhone-development-122-320.jpg)
Beginning to iPhone development
- 1. iPhone Objective-C, UIKit bofeng@corp.netease.com @vonbo
- 2. Agenda • overview • objective-c • iPhone UIKit
- 3. overview
- 4. First iPhone App • Hello world!
- 5. Things we have • Hello world!
- 6. • xcode SDK • & test with Simulator • test with iPhone/iPod touch ($99) • appstore •
- 8. objective-c
- 9. Objective C • • • runtime • foudation framework: values and collection classes • • category • protocol
- 10. Sample Code hello world
- 12. objective c • @ • @interface, @implementation, @class • @property, @synthesize • @protocol • NSString* str = @”hello world” • [receiver message] • C C++
- 17. Sample Code class and message
- 18. runtime • id • class & className • respondsToSelector • performSelector • isKindOfClass (super class included) • isMemberOfClass • @selector
- 19. @selector • SEL • C++
- 22. action CGRect rect = CGRectMake(20, 20, 100, 30); UIButton* myButton = [UIButton buttonWithType:UIButtonTypeRoundedRect]; myButton.frame = rect; [myButton setTitle:@"my button" forState:UIControlStateNormal]; [myButton addTarget:self action:@selector(btnClick:) forControlEvents : UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; [self.view addSubview:myButton];
- 24. Foundation Framework • Value and Collection Classes • User defaults • Archiving • Task, timers, thread • File system, I/0 • etc ...
- 25. Value and Collection Classes • NSString & NSMutableString • NSArray & NSMutableArray • NSDictionary & NSMutableDictionary • NSSet & NSMutableSet • NSNumber [a obj-c object wrapper for basic C type] • (NSNumber* num = [NSNumber numberWithInt:3])
- 26. Sample Code collection classes
- 27. • alloc new • alloc&dealloc C++ new&delete • but with ...
- 28. • alloc new copy 1. retain release • 0 Obj-C dealloc dealloc dealloc
- 29. Sample Code “ ” ... memory management
- 30. Getter & Setter @property & @synthesize
- 31. • new alloc copy 1. release • retain release
- 32. but how to solve this ? - (Person*) getChild { Person* child = [[Person alloc] init]; [child setName:@”xxxx”]; .... // will return ... [child release] or not ? return child; }
- 33. Autorelease • NSAutoreleasePool* pool ... • [object autorelease] • autorelease NSAutoreleasePool release
- 34. That’s why create pool first ... int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { NSAutoreleasePool* pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init]; // put your own code here ... [pool release]; }
- 35. how to solve this ? - (Person*) getChild { Person* child = [[Person alloc] init]; [child setName:@”xxxx”]; .... // will return ... [child release] or not ? return [child autorelease]; }
- 36. Autorelease Pool • • NSMutableArray pool • autorelease Array • pool Array release • autorelease pool autorelease pool pool
- 37. Autorelease Pool Stack NSAutoreleasePool* poolFirst .. for (int i=0; i < 10000; i++) { NSAutoreleasePool* poolSecond ... // have some autorelease object // [object autorelease] [poolSecond release]; } // other code [poolFirst release];
- 38. Autorelease Pool • • NSAutoreleasePool • alloc release • Autorelease pool retain autorelease [pool retain] or [pool autorelease] • AutoreleasePool “ ” • pool pool iphone release autorelease
- 39. • new alloc copy 1. release autorelease • 1 [NSString stringWithString:@”objc”] • retain release
- 40. Category
- 41. Sample Code category
- 42. NSString Class Cluster ...
- 43. Sample Code something about class cluster ...
- 44. Category • • •
- 45. Protocol • familiar with C++ virtual class • familiar with Java’s interface • • @optional @required warning required
- 46. protocol @protocol TwoMethod - (void) oneMethod; - (void) anotherMethod; @end
- 47. Class & Protocol @interface MyClass : NSObject <TwoMethod> { } @end @implementation MyClass -(void) oneMethod { // oneMethod’s implementation } - (void) anotherMethod { // anotherMethod’s implementation } @end
- 48. Sample Code protocol
- 49. Objective C • • • runtime id, @selector, respondsToSelector ... • foudation framework: values and collection classes • • category class cluster “ ” • protocol
- 50. Using Objective-C Now ! • without mac • ubuntu: • sudo apt-get install gnustep gnustep-devel • bash /usr/share/GNUstep/Makefiles/ GNUstep.sh • GNUmakefile • http://forum.ubuntu.org.cn/viewtopic.php? t=190168
- 51. iPhone UIKit
- 52. iPhone Application • & • MVC • Views (design & life cycle) • Navigation based & Tab Bar based application • very important TableView • • Web service
- 54. UIApplication • Every application must have exactly one instance of UIApplication (or a subclass of UIApplication). When an application is launched, the UIApplicationMain function is called; among its other tasks, this function create a singleton UIApplication object. • The application object is typically assigned a delegate, an object that the application informs of significant runtime events—for example, application launch, low-memory warnings, and application termination—giving it an opportunity to respond appropriately.
- 57. UIApplicationMain • delegateClassName • Specify nil if you load the delegate object from your application’s main nib file. • from Info.plist get main nib file • from main nib file get the application’s delegate
- 61. UIControl • UILabel • UIButton • UITableView • UINavigatorBar • ...
- 62. - design time
- 64. Without IB ? create a button and bind event by code
- 67. Views • View view superview subviews • iphone app window Views window window view (top level) • view • - (void)addSubview:(UIView *)view; • - (void)removeFromSuperview; • Superviews retain their subviews • UIView CGRect CGPoint CGSize
- 68. View’s life cycle & hook function • initWithNibName:bundle • viewDidLoad • viewWillAppear • viewWillDisappear • ...maybe viewDidUnload • hook function • shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation • didReceiveMemoryWarning
- 77. UINavigationController • manages the currently displayed screens using the navigation stack • at the bottom of this stack is the root view controller • at the top of the stack is the view controller currently being displayed • method: • pushViewController:animated: • popViewControllerAnimated:
- 85. UITabBarController • implements a specialized view controller that manages a radio-style selection interface • When the user selects a specific tab, the tab bar controller displays the root view of the corresponding view controller, replacing any previous views • init with an array (has many view controllers)
- 87. Combine • UI • TabBarController Based + NavigationController
- 90. Demo Combine UITabBarController & UINavigationController
- 91. TableView • display a list of data • Single column, multiple rows • Vertical scrolling • Powerful and ubiquitous in iPhone applications
- 94. Display data in Table View • • Table views display a list of data, so use an array • [myTableView setList:myListOfStuff]; • • All data is loaded upfront • All data stays in memory • • Another object provides data to the table view • Not all at once • Just as it’s needed for display • Like a delegate, but purely data-oriented
- 106. Selection
- 109. UITabBar + UINavigation + UITableView ! NavigationController TableViewController TabBarController
- 110. Demo UITabBar + UINavigation + UITableView
- 111. • Propery Lists, NSUserDefaults • SQLite • Core Data
- 112. SandBox • Why keep applications separate? • Security • Privacy • Cleanup after deleting an app
- 113. Sample: /Users/xxx/library/Application Support/iPhone Simulator/4.0/Applications
- 116. Property Lists • Convenient way to store a small amount of data • Arrays, dictionaries, strings, numbers, dates, raw data • Human-readable XML or binary format • NSUserDefaults class uses property lists under the hood • When Not to Use Property Lists • More than a few hundred KB of data • Custom object types • Multiple writers (e.g. not ACID)
- 119. Demo Save data with NSUserDefaults
- 120. SQLite • Complete SQL database in an ordinary file • Simple, compact, fast, reliable • No server • Great for embedded devices • Included on the iPhone platform • When Not to Use SQLite • Multi-gigabyte databases • High concurrency (multiple writers) • Client-server applications
- 122. SQLite Obj-C Wrapper • http://code.google.com/p/flycode/source/browse/ trunk/fmdb • A query maybe like this: • [dbconn executeQuery:@"select * from call"]
- 124. Using Web Service • Two Common ways: • XML • libxml2 • Tree-based: easy to parse, entire tree in memory • Event-driven: less memory, more complex to manage state • NSXMLParser • Event-driven API: simpler but less powerful than libxml2 • JSON • Open source json-framework wrapper for Objective-C • http://code.google.com/p/json-framework/
- 125. NSURLConnection • NSMutableURLRequest • - connectionWithRequest: delegate • delegate method: • – connection:didReceiveResponse: • – connection:didReceiveData: • – connection:didFailWithError: • – connectionDidFinishLoading:
- 126. Demo use json-framework and NSURLConnection with hi-api
- 127. iPhone Application • & • MVC • Views (design & life cycle) • Navigation based & Tab Bar based application & TableView • (sandbox, property list, sqlite) • Web service
- 128. • Objective-C • The iPhone Developer’s Cookbook • Programming in Objective-C 2.0 • • Stanford iPhone dev course • iTunes iTune Store cs193p mac windows
- 129. Q &A The End