Bioinformatics and Artificial Intelligence (AI) the interrelation between them and the new opportunities
- 2. Introduction • Artificial intelligence (AI) is wide-ranging branch of computer science concerned with building smart machines capable of performing tasks the typically require human intelligence. • It is also known as a machine intelligence. • AI is an interdisciplinary science with multiple approaches, but advancements in machine learning and deep learning are creating a paradigm shift in virtually every sector of the tech industry. • The term “Artificial Intelligence” often used to machines or the computers that mimic ‘cognition’ functions that humans associate with human minds. Such as learning and problem solving.
- 3. History of Artificial Intelligence • There was a mathematician named Alan Turing who had a question that, “Can machines think?” • Turing's paper “Computing Machinery and Intelligence" (1950), and it's subsequent Turing Test, established the fundamental goal and vision of artificial intelligence. • John McCarthy is one of the "founding fathers" of artificial intelligence, together with Alan Turing, Marvin Minsky, Allen Newell, and Herbert A. Simon. • John McCarthy coined the term “Artificial Intelligence” in 1956 and organized the famous Dartmouth conference in Summer 1956. This conference started AI as a field.
- 4. Artificial Intelligenge • Artificial Intelligence has been seeking a lot of attention as it tries to replicate human intelligence for analyzing complex data around us. • The two major subsets of AI: 1) Machine learning 2) Deep learning
- 5. Machine learning • Machine learning is the subset or application of Artificial Intelligence (AI). • It provides systems the ability to automatically learn and improve from experience without being explicitly programmed. • Machine learning focuses on the development of computer programs that can access data and use it learn for themselves.
- 6. Deep learning • Deep learning is part of a broader family of machine learning methods based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). • It is a function that imitates the workings of the human brain in processing data and creating patterns for use in decision making. • Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) were inspired by information processing and distributed communication nodes in biological systems.
- 7. Role of Bioinformatics in AI • Bioinformatics is a field of analysis of biological data. • Basic application in this field involves analysis of biological sequence and molecular structure where as advance application includes modelling of biological systems. • With the availability various (AI) algorithms, which are beneficial for the use of bioinformatics research. • It may be the data mining from different databases to the protein structure prediction.
- 8. Role of Bioinformatics in AI • Bioinformatics algorithms had to be explicitly programmed by hand which, for problems such as protein structure prediction, proves extremely difficult. • Machine learning techniques such as deep learning enable the algorithm to make use of automatic feature learning, which means that based on the dataset alone, the algorithm can learn how to combine multiple features of the input data into a more abstract set of features from which to conduct further learning. • Artificial intelligence involves the use of complex computer algorithms that are capable of not only storing and sorting data, but also helping with analysis and extrapolation.
- 9. Future • In recent years, bioinformatics has proven crucial for support of genetics and genomics research. It’s also being used in cancer research, neurological research and clinical settings. • While data continues to be developed at breakneck speed, researchers say there is a need for better tools to help them manipulate, study and analyze it. • As bioinformatics and artificial intelligence applications advance, the future of both fields remains bright. What path they will take next in unlocking the mysteries of the body is unknown, but it is clear that researchers believe collaboration in both arenas is crucial for future advancement.
- 10. Thank You !
Editor's Notes
- #4: During World War II, he developed a machine that helped break the German Enigma code. He also laid the groundwork for modern computing and theorized about artificial intelligence. The Enigma machine is an encryption device developed and used in the early- to mid-20th century to protect commercial, diplomatic and military communication. It was employed extensively by Nazi Germany during World War II, in all branches of the German military.