Blockchain Introduction

Nur Aini Rakhmawati,PhDNur Aini Rakhmawati,PhD
Blockchain at a glance

Bitcoin == Blockchain ?Bitcoin == Blockchain ?

Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT)Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT)
Image: https://www.nesabamedia.com/pengertian-jaringan-peer-to-peer/

Source: https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf

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A novel and fast-evolving approach to recording andA novel and fast-evolving approach to recording and
sharing data across multiple data stores (or ledgers)sharing data across multiple data stores (or ledgers)
(World Bank Group, 2017)(World Bank Group, 2017)
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A type of database that is spread across multiple sites,A type of database that is spread across multiple sites,
countries or institutions, and is typically public.countries or institutions, and is typically public.
Records are stored one after the other in a continuousRecords are stored one after the other in a continuous
ledger, rather than sorted into blocks, but they Canledger, rather than sorted into blocks, but they Can
only be added when the participants reach a quorum.only be added when the participants reach a quorum.
(Wallport, 2016)(Wallport, 2016)

DLT CategoriesDLT Categories
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Centralized LedgerCentralized Ledger
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Distributed Ledger (permissionless)Distributed Ledger (permissionless)
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Distributed Ledger (permissioned)Distributed Ledger (permissioned)

Centralized LedgerCentralized Ledger
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A centralizedA centralized
electronic ledgerelectronic ledger
that is maintainedthat is maintained
and controlled byand controlled by
a trusted centrala trusted central
party.party.
Source: Worldbank Group 2017

Distributed Ledger (permissionless)Distributed Ledger (permissionless)
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Each node in aEach node in a
P2P network ownsP2P network owns
a full and up-to-a full and up-to-
date copy of thedate copy of the
entire ledger.entire ledger.
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Example: Bitcoin,Example: Bitcoin,
EthereumEthereum

Distributed Ledger (permissioned)Distributed Ledger (permissioned)
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Nodes needNodes need
permission from apermission from a
central entity tocentral entity to
access the networkaccess the network
and make changesand make changes
to the ledger.to the ledger.
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Example: R3’sExample: R3’s
Corda,Corda,
Hyperledger FabricHyperledger Fabric

BlockchainBlockchain
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A particular type of DLT, uses cryptographic andA particular type of DLT, uses cryptographic and
algorithmic methods to create and verify aalgorithmic methods to create and verify a
continuously growing, append-only data structure thatcontinuously growing, append-only data structure that
takes the form of a chain of so called ‘transactiontakes the form of a chain of so called ‘transaction
blocks’ – the blockchain – which serves the function ofblocks’ – the blockchain – which serves the function of
a ledgera ledger (World Bank Group, 2017)(World Bank Group, 2017)

Blockchain StructureBlockchain Structure

4 aspects of Blockchain4 aspects of Blockchain
Shared Ledger
Smart Contract
Permission
Consensus

Image: Blockchain For Dummies IBM

EthereumEthereum
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PermissionlessPermissionless
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Most popular blockchain for smart contractsMost popular blockchain for smart contracts
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allows for a scripting language to exist on top ofallows for a scripting language to exist on top of
a blockchaina blockchain

BitCoinBitCoin
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PermissionlessPermissionless
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First and largest public blockchainFirst and largest public blockchain
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Records transactions of cryptocurrency BitcoinRecords transactions of cryptocurrency Bitcoin

FabricFabric
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PermissionedPermissioned
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Open-sourceOpen-source
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helping financial institutionshelping financial institutions
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Collaboration between the Linux FoundationCollaboration between the Linux Foundation
and over 80 financial institutionsand over 80 financial institutions

HyperledgerHyperledger
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A Linux Foundation open-source, collaborativeA Linux Foundation open-source, collaborative
effort to create blockchain technology suitableeffort to create blockchain technology suitable
for the enterprisefor the enterprise

AssignmentAssignment
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Install CURLInstall CURL
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Install docker-composeInstall docker-compose
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Install Go Programming LanguageInstall Go Programming Language
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Install Node.jsInstall Node.js
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Install PythonInstall Python
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AssignmentAssignment
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Clone the hyperledger/fabric-samples repositoryClone the hyperledger/fabric-samples repository
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Checkout the appropriate version tagCheckout the appropriate version tag
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Install the Hyperledger Fabric platform-specific binariesInstall the Hyperledger Fabric platform-specific binaries
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Config files for the version specified into the root of theConfig files for the version specified into the root of the
fabric-samples repositoryfabric-samples repository
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Download the Hyperledger Fabric docker images for theDownload the Hyperledger Fabric docker images for the
version specifiedversion specified
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execute the following command:execute the following command:
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curl -sSL https://goo.gl/6wtTN5 | bash -s 1.1.0curl -sSL https://goo.gl/6wtTN5 | bash -s 1.1.0

PustakaPustaka
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Worldbank Group. Blockchain & DistributedWorldbank Group. Blockchain & Distributed
Ledger Technology (DLT)”Ledger Technology (DLT)”
http://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/financialsector/bhttp://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/financialsector/br
(2017)(2017)
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Walport, M. G. C. S. A. "Distributed ledgerWalport, M. G. C. S. A. "Distributed ledger
technology: Beyond blockchain." UKtechnology: Beyond blockchain." UK
Government Office for Science (2016).Government Office for Science (2016).
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Gupta, M. "Blockchain For Dummies." (2017).Gupta, M. "Blockchain For Dummies." (2017).

Blockchain Introduction

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