Bluetooth Home Automation System

International journal of Engineering, Business and Management (IJEBM)
ISSN: 2456-8678
[Vol-5, Issue-5, Sep-Oct, 2021]
Issue DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijebm.5.5
Article DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijebm.5.5.3
https://www.aipublications.com/ijebm 8
Bluetooth Home Automation System
Priyanka Sharma1
, Vishakha Agarwal2
, Tanmay Nayyar3
, Tarun Awasthi4
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology,
Management & Gramothan, Jaipur,Rajasthan, India
2
Final year Students, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology,
Management & Gramothan, Jaipur,Rajasthan, India
Received: 25 Aug 2021; Received in revised form: 06 Sep 2021; Accepted: 16 Sep 2021; Available online: 26 Sep 2021
©2021 The Author(s). Published by AI Publications. This is an open access article under the CC BY license
(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Abstract— Innovation is a lifelong process. Designing a product through available technology that will
be beneficialto the lives of others is a huge contribution to the society.This paper puts forward the design
and implementation of a low cost yet flexible and secure Android based home automation system. The
design of the project is based on a Arduino UNO board and the home appliances are connected to the
input/output ports of this board via relays. The interaction between the smartphone and the Arduino UNO
is wireless. This project is designed to be low cost yet scalable which allows large variety of devices to be
controlled with miniscule changes to its core.
Keywords— bluetooth, automation, android, mobile application, arduino, microcontroller.
INTRODUCTION
Home automation systems are an attempt to use
technology control systems to increase human
convenience. The exponential growth of technology
empowers us to use smartphones to remotely control our
home and appliances. Such an automated device has the
ability to work with flexibility, meticulousness and also
with a low error rate. The prospect of home automation is
a substantial issue for engineers, researchers and home
appliance businesses as automation systems help to
decrease the human labor and also save time, money and
effort. Earlier home automation systems were meant to be
used in machines to reduce labor but nowadays its
objective has expanded to provide facilities to the elderly
and also handicapped people to aid them in performing
their daily tasks and remotely control the home appliances.
A wireless home automation system based on Bluetooth
can be implemented at a cheap cost and it is easy to install
in homes. Research work has proved that Bluetooth
system are faster compared to other systems, namely
wireless and GSM. This is because Bluetooth technology
has the ability to transmit data serially up to 3 Mbps
within a physical range of 10m to 100m depending on the
type of Bluetooth device. In the proposed design, a home
automation system is built based on Arduino UNO, HC-05
Bluetooth module interfaced with the Arduino, various
sensors and an Android smartphone application. The
home appliances can be connected to the Arduino UNO
board via relay. The purpose of Andoid application is to
facilitate serial communication between smartphone and
Bluetooth module.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Faisal Baig et al have described a system for
remotely controlling home appliances. Their paper
discussed two methods for regulating household
appliances. One method is to utilize the mobile as a
remote control and the other is to use voice to text SMS.
The system was created to remotely monitor appliances,
which necessitates the use of a mobile application on a
phone and the use of voice commands. The Android intent
API 2.01 isthen used by the mobile application to convert
the spoken command into text, which is then sent over the
GSM network. Kajal Purwar and her colleagues used the
Raspberry Pi module and a speech to command
converter to create a Home Automation system. This
technology can automate many home appliances. Because
the speech to command converter takes some time to
translate it to commands, this system may cause some

Priyanka Sharma et al.
International Journal of Engineering, Business and Management (IJEBM), 5(5)-2021
delays. Sarthak Jain et al built a Collaborative Home
Automation System based on Raspberry Pi-based with the
use of e-mail, thus creating a simple system utilizing the
Raspberry Pi and the e-mail algorithm, and concluding
that it is better for large traffic than the prior approaches.
Because of its ease of use and efficiency, they chose
python programmingand the Raspberry Pi.
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION.
The descripted system has two main parts:
hardware and software. The hardware part comprises three
components: smartphone, Arduino UNO board and the
HC-05 Bluetooth module. The software part consists the
Arduino IDE (integrated development environment) and
the Android application “BT terminal” which aids in
wireless communication between the phone and Arduino
UNO.
HARDWARE ARCHITECTURE
As mentioned earlier, the planned home
automation system contains three hardware components:
Android smartphone, Arduino U N O board and HC-05
Bluetooth module. The smartphone is used to interactwith
Arduino UNO board through a smartphone application
and Bluetooth technology. Thus, in this research work,
HC-05 Bluetooth module and Arduino UNO are used for
hardwareimplementation.
A. Arduino UNO
Arduino, as a tool, helps in building computers
that can detect and manipulate more of the physical world
than an ordinary desktop computer. It is an open-source
computing platform built on a simple
microcontroller board, and it has its own development
environment which allows us to write software for the
board. Arduino may be used for a variety of purposes,
including creating interactive objects and receiving input
from a variety of switches and sensors, as well as
controlling a variety of lights, motors, and other physical
outputs. Arduino projects can be self-contained or can
interact with software, (e.g. Flash, Processing.) on a
computer.
Fig.1: Arduino Uno Pin Description
The boards can be hand-assembled or purchased
pre-assembled, with the open source IDE available for free
download. The Arduino Uno is an ATmega328-based
microcontroller board. Six analog inputs, a 16 MHz
ceramic resonator, an ICSP header, a power jack, a reset
button and a USB connection are among the 14 digital
input/output pins (six of which can be used as PWM
outputs). It has everything you need to get started with the
microcontroller. It can be powered by connecting it to a
computer through USB or with an AC-to-DC adapter or
battery.
B. Bluetooth module HC-05
The HC-05 Bluetooth module is used to
communicate wirelessly between an Arduino UNO and an
Android smartphone. The HC-05 is a slave device that
runson 3.6 to 6 volts of power. State, RXD, TXD, GND,
VCC, and EN are the six pins in an HC-05. Connect the
TXD pin of the Bluetooth module HC-05 to RX (pin 0) of
the Arduino Uno and the RXD pin to TX (pin 1) of the
Arduino Uno for serial communication.
C. DHT-11 Sensor
The DHT11 is a frequently used temperatureand
humidity sensor. A specialized NTC for temperature
measurement is included in the sensor, as well as an 8-bit
microcontroller for serial data output of temperature and
humidity measurements. The sensor is factory calibrated,
making it simple to connect to other microcontrollers.
With an accuracy of 1°C and 1 percent, the sensor can
measure temperature from 0°C to 50°C and humidity from
20% to 90%.

Fig.3: Dimensions of DHT-11 Sensor
D. 4 CHANNEL RELAY BOARD
The 4 Channel Relay Board is a simple and
convenient solution to connect four relays in your
project for switching purposes. It has a very condensed
designwhich can fit in small area. It is primarily built
for low voltage application.
Features:
a. In a relay interface board with 4-channels,
every relay needs a driver current between 15-
20mA
b. Both controlled by 12V and 5V input Voltage
c. Equipped with high-current relay, AC250V
10A ;DC30V 10A
d. Standard interface that can be controlled
directly by microcontroller (Arduino, 8051,
AVR, PIC, DSP, ARM, ARM, MSP430,
TTL logic active low)
e. Opto-isolated inputs
f. Indication LED’s for Relay output status.
E. LCD_I2C
I2C_LCD is a convenient-to-use display
module. An 8-Bit I/O Expander chip – PCF8574 – is at
the heart of the LCD-I2C. This chip transforms I2C
data from an Arduino to the parallel data that the LCD
display requires. A small trimpot is also included on
the board for fine- tuning the display's contrast.
Fig.2: Dimensions of HC-05 Bluetooth Module
Fig.4: Interfacing Diagram of Arduino with LCD
Pin-out Instruction:
Pin Name Description
“Vcc” 5V DC
“GND” GND
“in1” signal pin, connected with
Arduino UNO and controlrelay 1
“in2” signal pin, connected withArduino
UNO and controlrelay 2
“COM”
common pin, which usually
directlyconnect with the” GND”
unless you
want to change the TTL mode(
default the HIGH level activate)
“NO” Normally Open connection
“NC” Normally Closed connection
“C”(middle
pin)
Common Connection, which is
connected with the power for the
load.
Note: the last pins “COM” “NO” “NC” are not
indicated on the board as there are not enough places
for these. But we indicate them by a simple graphic
for each relay terminal.
Circuit diagram:
SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE
In this project work we have used two different
softwares:Arduino Integrated Development Environment
(IDE) and Android BT terminal application.
A. Arduino IDE
The entire programming for the suggested

system is done in the Arduino IDE tool, which stands for
Integrated Development Environment. For serial
connection between the Arduino board and the
smartphone, the Baud rate is set at 9600 bits per second.
The Arduino IDE command "Serial.Available 0" is
used to accept data serially from a smartphone, and the
command "Serial.printlnO" is used to transmit data
serially from one Arduino board to smartphone.
The value of the received byte is stored in the
state variable, which is subsequently compared to
different conditions and the specific operation is
performed. The code for turning on and off the light
using the Arduino IDE is presented below.
if (state == '0') %condition check
{
Serial.println("LIGHT ON"); digitaIWrite(LIGHT,
HIGH); %Turn On the Light
}
if (state == '1 ') %condition check
{
Serial.println("LIGHT OFF"); digitaIWrite(LIGHT,
LOW); %Turn OFF the Light
}
Fig.5: Interfacing Diagram of Arduino with HC-05 & 4-
Channel Relay
Fig.6: Arduino Sketch
B. Android Bluetooth Application
The Android application named “BT Terminal” will
send text strings to a paired device. Another app named
“BT Voice Control for Android” can also be used on
the smart phone which can take voice commands in US
English and then transfer them as text strings to a
paired device.
Fig.7: Android Bluetooth Application
CONCLUSION
As we saw, in this paper we have introduced
the design and execution of a cheap, flexible and
wireless solution for implementation of home
automation. Our system will be secure from access by
any trespasser as any users will be required to possess
pairing password for the Arduino BT and the
smartphone to access the control for any home
appliances. This system can be utilized for any
appliances that requires on-off switching applications
without any internetconnectivity.

REFERENCES
[1] K. Y. Lee, and J. W. Choi, „Remote-Controlled Home
Automation System via Bluetooth Home Network,‟ vol.
3, 2003, pp. 2824-2829.
[2] T. Tamura, A. Kawarada, M. Nambu, A. Tsukada, K.
Sasaki, and K. Yamakoshi, „ E- Healthcare at an
Experimental Welfare Techno House in Japan,‟ The
Open Medical Informatics Journal, vol. 1, 2007, pp. 1-7
[3] D. J. Cook, M. Youngblood, and E. O. Heierman
Mav Home: An Agent Based Smart home,‟
Arlington,
VA: National Science Foundation
[4] H. Kanma, N. Wakabayashi, R. Kanazawa, and H.
Ito., Home Appliance Control System over Bluetooth
with a Cellular Phone,‟ IEEE Transactions on Consumer
Electronics, vol. 49, 2003, pp. 1049-1053
[5] N. S. Liang; L. C. Fu and C. L.Wu., „An Integrated,
Flexible, and Internet Based Control Architecture for
Home Automation System in the Internet Era,‟ vol. 2,
2002, pp.1101- 1106
[6] Bluetooth. (2016). Fast Facts. [Online]. Available:
http://www.bluetooth.com/Pges/Fast- Facts.aspx

Bluetooth Home Automation System

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