Brief history of m.p
- 1. Brief History of M.P. Madhya Pradesh, state of India. As its name implies— Madhya means “central” and Pradesh means “region” or “state”—it is situated in the heart of the country. The state has no coastline and no international frontier. It is bounded by the states of Uttar Pradesh to the northeast, Chhattisgarh to the southeast, Maharashtra to the south, Gujarat to the southwest, and Rajasthan to the northwest. The capital is Bhopal, in the west-central part of the state. Area 119,016 square miles (308,252 square km). Pop. (2011) 72,597,565. After the independence of India, Madhya Pradesh was created in 1950 from the former British Central Provinces and Berar and the princely states of Makrai and Chhattisgarh, with Nagpur as the capital of the state. The new states of Madhya Bharat, Vindhya Pradesh, and Bhopal were formed out of the Central India Agency. • Madhya Pradesh came into being as an Indian state on 1st November 1956. • Before that, during the British rule, this region was in the Central Provinces. • Madhya Pradesh has also faced the rulers of various dynasties. Tracing them back in descending order, Mughals, Guptas, Satavahanas and Mauryans were a few. Rashtrakutas, Pratiharas and Chalukyas also had some influence in this region for a few decades. •The main rulers which are regionally known and praised are
- 2. the Kalchuri kings who are credited in the making of a number of temples in this region. However, many of the parts where they had influence over, is now under Chhattisgarh state. •When we hear the name of cities like Gwalior, Indore, Khajuraho etc. then automatically a historical finish appears on Madhya Pradesh. MP has also been home to some greatest personalities. It has given birth to Tansen, one of Akbar's nine jewels and Kalidasa, a dramatist who doesn't need a prologue. • Giving shelter to so many great Kingdoms, the region of this state is beautified with the temples of ultimate architecture. Moreover, there are stupas, forts, palaces and caves which illustrate the Indian history. • A major event which took place here was the Separation of Chhattisgarh from Madhya Pradesh in 2000. After that, MP was no longer the largest state. It had also lost much of its forest covers and wildlife resources. • The Holkars and Nawabs are still in dominance in the regions of Indore and Bhopal respectively. The existence of Nawabs in the capital city makes it a Muslim dominated city. •The Scindias are mostly present in Madhya Pradesh even now.
- 3. Their existence can be traced back to 1732 when they first established here. They were the class of rich merchants who played a big role to develop various enterprise in India in collaboration with the British government . The tribals who have followed time are still existing in various parts of Madhya Pradesh, especially in the forest areas. However, many have started advancing towards villages and towns. This is a sign of development in their communities. Therefore, Madhya Pradesh has a very diverse, long and reputed history. It has faced numerous battles and wars among different dynasties which were again and again displaced by some other after a period of time. Brief History of Madhya Pradesh Historical record reveals the fact of it being ruled by a number of famous empires of India. The empires included the Mauryan Empire to the Mughals and later off course by the British. During the rule of the Mughals, famous musician Tansen of Madhya Pradesh used to be the official singer of the Mughal Samrat Akbar's court. There are many interesting legends and folklore related to Tansen and Birbal in the court of Akbar. Madhya Pradesh is also the homeland of Kalidasa, the famous immortal Indian poet and dramatist. The innumerable monuments, carved temples, stupas, forts and palaces on hilltops signify the aesthetic sense of the empires and kingdoms, of great warriors and builders, poets and musicians, saints and philosophers. In the earlier times influence of religions like Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Islam are still evident in the historical places here.
- 4. Dynasties like that of Sungas, Andhras, Satavahanas, Ksaptrapas, Nagas and last but not the least the Guptas ruled over this place. During and after the tenth century different regions of the state were ruled by different dynasties like Chandellas, who ruled in Khajuraho, Muslims in Gwalior and the Holkar in Indore etc. After the British took over the state, the state had been declared as the central province. After India gained her independence, under the provision of the state reorganization act of 1956, Madhya Pradesh was given the status of a full- fledged state with effect from 1st November 1956. Chattisgarh has been carved out as a new state in November 2000 to fulfill a demand that was long due. Ancient Age History be it ancient or modern history tells a story of man's endeavor in this transient world. Ancient Madhya Pradesh, in fact, helps us to get a hunch about our ancestors and how they survived in this hostile world. To begin with the ancient Madhya Pradesh,one can say that the earliest dwellings of mankind can be found in the caves of Bhimbetka. The inscriptions and drawings on the caves narrate a magnanimous story of the ancient Madhya Pradesh. Bhimbetka forms a part of the prehistoric period of Madhya Pradesh; but the ancient history of Madhya Pradesh starts with the accessionof the Mauryan kings to the throne .It was in 320 BC that Chandragupta Maurya assumed control over the provision which constitutes most of the places of modern Madhya Pradesh. Another Mauryan king, Ashoka had a tremendous grip over the Malwa region. It is noteworthy that king Ashoka's wife, Vidisha also belonged to the beautiful city of Bhopal, the capital of today's Madhya Pradesh. Medievalage deals with the medieval period in the history of Madhya Pradesh. Medieval history of Madhya Pradesh celebrates the kings, rulers and administrators that came to power in Madhya Pradesh after the decline of the gigantic Gupta empire. Medieval Madhya Pradesh proves that after the death of Ashoka, his successors were weak and lacked much of the intellect that constituted the other Mauryan kings.
- 5. There were a lot of pleasure loving men who showed little interest in the administration of their empire. But the medieval Madhya Pradesh witnessed a series of hullabaloo between the 12th and 16th centuries. During this period of the medieval Madhya Pradesh, the state saw a persisting clash between the Hindu clan and Muslim rulers, as well as the invaders. Modern age Modern age starts with the emergence of the Mughal emperors in the political scene of Madhya Pradesh. Modern Madhya Pradesh is a gradual culmination from medieval period to the modern era which chiefly speaks of the infiltration of the Britishers into India. As the modern history says, Madhya Pradesh was the important seat of the Mughal emperors. Books on the modern Madhya Pradesh reveal that Akbar had a strong hold over Madhya Pradesh from 1556 to 1605 AD. Till Aurangzeb's reign, the Mughal dominance over Madhya Pradesh was prominent; but with his demise, his successors failed miserably and the Marathas overtook the Mughals. The Marathas established a semi-autonomous rule between 1720 and 1760 AD. But the modern Madhya Pradesh bears witness to the influence of the Marathas in this region. Between the 18th and 19th centuries, in Madhya Pradesh, the British crown was expanding its domain in India; and the Anglo-Maratha War proved detrimental in this context. Further, modern Madhya Pradesh also bears reference of the state of Madhya Pradesh post Indian independence. In 1947, the former British Central Province was re-organized. Berar, Makrai and Chhattisgarh were culled from Madhya Pradesh, and were given a separate entity with Nagpur as their capital. Moreover, in 1956, the states of Madhya Bharat, Vindhya Pradesh and Bhopal were merged into Madhya Pradesh. It was till 2000 that Madhya Pradesh was the largest state in India; but owing to the Madhya Pradesh Reorganization Act, the southern part of Madhya Pradesh was carved out, and the new state of Chhattisgarh came into existence.