This document discusses various neurostimulation techniques used to treat psychiatric and neurological conditions. It begins by outlining the history and milestones of different brain stimulation methods from the 18th century to present day. These include the first reported use of camphor-induced seizures in 1785 to treat conditions, and the development of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in the 1930s-1950s.
The document then provides an overview of current neurostimulation techniques like ECT, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), deep brain stimulation (DBS), vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). It notes their effectiveness for treating various disorders such as depression, OCD, anxiety