Bs assignment sem2
- 1. BLD60403 BUILDING SERVICES 1 TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICE FOR HIGH RISE BUILDING no Name ID 1 Ong chia hong 0318458 2 Boon Yi Chung 0318300 3 Chan Tian Ji 0320831 4 Tan Ken Ric 0318631 5 Deong Khai Keat 0320055
- 2. Table of content No Content Page Number 1. Introduction 3 2. Installation process 4-6 3. Application -General requirement for a telecom system -Safety precaution taken in telecommunication 7-9 4. Management system 10 5. Pathway (Containment System) 11 6. The advantages and Disadvantages -Telecommuting -Optical FiberCable 12-14 7. Case study: -Introduction -TelecommunicationInfrastructure Design -Summary 15-19 8. Possible problems to the system 20 9. Recommendations forfuture improvement 21 10. Learning from the group work project 22 11. References 23
- 3. 3 Introduction This report is a summarized research of the assigned topic ‘Telecommunication Service for High Rise Building’. Telecommunication is a global term that indicates to the exchange of information through electronic and electrical means over a significant distance. Another term for telecommunications is telecom. Telecommunication means communication over a long distance by using different channels such as telephone, radio, fax, wireless network and etc. Initial telecommunication transmissions used analog signals, which were transmitted over copper wires. In todays’ modern world, telephone and cable companies are still using these same lines, though majority of transmissions are now digital. Because of this, current telecommunications wiring is executed with cables that are optimized for digital communication, such as the fiber-optic cable and digital phone lines. Besides, communication signals usually are analog signals and digital signals. Analog modulation which is used in radio broadcasting is an amplitude modulation. As both the analog and digital communications depends on electrical signals, transmitted data is obtained almost instantaneously, regardless of the distance. This will allow users to quickly communicate with others across the street or across the globe.
- 4. 4 Installation Process The Main Distribution Frame (MDF) is a signal distribution frame for connecting equipment (inside plant) to cables and subscriber carrier equipment (outside plant) and it is located in the Telecommunication Room (TR) the interface between the exchange and the subscriber network is used for termination and cross-connection of cable, and for over-voltage and over current protection of individual lines and distribution cables of suitable sizes are taken from MDF and its distributed through MDF to equipment within local exchange. Through Fiber Termination Box (FTB) is referred as the fiber termination point at the Telecommunication Room (TR) Riser system is part of the building vertical internal telecom/network infrastructure and typically starts at the MPOE (minimum point of entry) for the Multi Dwelling Unit (MDU). Fiber Termination Box acts as the connection point between the Network Facility Provider’s fibers and the in-building fiber cable. It also acts as the distribution point for in-building cabling and riser is to allow the installation of telecom cables from the main telecom room to the floor telecom closets (Riser closet). For high rise building, exceeding 30 floors, a FTC must be selected for every 10 floors while Riser closet is install on each floor. Multicore fiber cable must be installed in a mini Optical Distribution Frame (ODF) inside the floor telecom closet, where the number of fiber core will depend in the number of units in each served floor. 2 unit should be considered as the basic foundation of multi-core fiber calculation. Lastly, trunking will be used to protect the optical cable from harm.
- 5. 5 Figure 1: Diagram with separate MTR and FTC Figure 2: Main Telecom Room (MTR)
- 6. 6 Figure 3: Fibre Terminal Box Figure 4: Riser closet and Trunking
- 7. 7 Application The typical requirement for high-rise buildings is to provide the needed capacity to the people working/living inside the building, whereby most of these people demand for a high-speed service. With the rapid pace of technology change and adoption, it is critical that updates to your network are accurately reflected to facilitate planning, improve inventory control and enhance network up-time to meet up the growing demand for the tenants at work, home, in business. Application of telecommunication services in high-rise building shall be well planned, up-to date, suitable for the building. With better system, we can manage the network’s system capacity information, the location of system connection, maintenance histories, upgrades and much more to receive a better and a more satisfactory product.
- 8. 8 General specification Telecommunication room A number of telecom rooms will be require in a building and it is depend on its characteristics. The room type are: - Main telecom room - Mobile service room - Rooftop mobile service room - Floor telecom closet In high-rise building, buildings the telecom rooms should be vertically alight and linked by a share pathway system and must not reduce the minimum space requested space and all entrances must not be smaller than 900mm x 2100mm. Telecom rooms must not be in close proximity to any source of the following: - Heat - Moisture - High voltages - Radio frequency interference - Electro-magnetic interference Telecom rooms must not be directly beneath or next to wet area such as: - Showers - Washrooms - Garbage area. Telecom rooms free from unrelated item such as: - Utility pipes - Sprinkler systems - Windows
- 9. 9 Safety and other considerations taken in telecommunication spaces: Should be fitted with smoke detectors connect to the building management system. Should be fitted with emergency lighting. Pathway opening to telecom spaces must be sealed with a regulation fire retardant material All doors to telecom rooms must be a of solid wood core or steel construction, fire retardant with a minimum rating of 2 hours All doors to telecom rooms must be outward opening with an automatic door closer system fitted on a hinged edge All doors must be labeled The rooms must be free from contaminate and pollutants. All telecom rooms should have basic firefighting provision of hand-held extinguishers All telecom rooms must be maintained at 20 ‘c and the relative humidity at 50%. However, for the floor telecom closed can be maintained within 20’c to 30’c Telecom rooms must be secured from unauthorised entry but easily accessible 24 hours a day for any authority in-charged.
- 10. 10 Management System With the rapid pace of technological change and adoption, it is critical that updates to your network are accurately reflected to facilitate planning, improve inventory control, and enhance network up-time. The Telecommunications system & Cable Management application now can manage the network’s system capacity information, the location of system connections, maintenance histories, upgrades, and much more. This indispensable solution does everything from simplifying trouble-shooting to eliminating communication discontinuities during the move/add/change process so you gain more control over your network instead of letting it control you. Hence, in order to provide a satisfactory that comes to meet the uses’ demand, all the telecom spaces, pathways and cabling system shall be ensured to meet the code of standards and up-to-date system. Telecommunication spaces and pathways A number of different types of telecom rooms are usually provided in a multiple-dwelling unit(MDU) for high-rise building, such as main telecom room (MTR), mobile services room, floor telecom closet (FTC), riser closet and etc. All specification shall be meet as shown below ;-
- 11. 11 Pathways (Containment systems) Requirement applied to containment systems: Must be designed so that installed cables do not exceed the minimum specified bend radius All metal containment parts must be free from sharp edges and earth bonded Telecom riser opening must be sealed with a suitable fire retardant material Cable trays must be easily accessible in common areas to facilitate any future provision of additional cables. Any cable trays that are in areas accessible to the public and less than 4.8m above the floor must be covered. Containment system must not run through areas exposed to excessive heat, moisture, corrosive atmospheric or environment conditions, high voltages, radio frequency interference or electro-magnetic interference All telecom spaces and pathway must be pest controlled using best available practices. It should be noted that rodents often gnaw cables resulting in damages and the potential for services disruption. Hence, special attention should be give to preventing rodents from entering telecom spaces and pathway by installation of covers to cable trays. As for the wall that begin used, must be painted and treated with anti-dust and anti-static coating to minimize dust and static electricity. For the old and new equipment or circuits, must be properly labeled, maintained appropriately and clean up for non-used or abandoned cabling infrastructure.
- 12. 12 Advantages and Disadvantages Telecommunication Telecommuting is known as e-commuting or e-work, in term used when individuals take advantage of the many technological advances to work from anywhere they desire, giving themselves flexibility in their hours and work location. Telecommuting seems to be mainly driven by a change in management attitudes, improvement in technology, savings in office costs and the demand from the staff. Advantages of telecommuting Flexibility in work location and time In the majority of the current household, it is hard for two people who both have full-time job to balance their profession and private life, especially while they have children. In order to balance their combination of a private and professional life, telecommuting is a useful way of working that one gets more autonomy on his or her distribution of time. Reduction of traveling costs and time Telecommuting solve the cost and waste of time due to traveling to and from a place. Working at home eliminates the expensive fuel costs and the time one would lose by travel to a workplace. Not only these direct benefit like saving time and costs are important, working at home can less the frustrations in traffic and one is able to use the time wisely. Disadvantages of telecommuting Isolation The difference between working at home and working at an office is the presence of colleagues. The fact that someone works all alone throughout a day, could affects it performance. The lack of having colleagues around could affect the quality of their work in a negative way.
- 13. 13 Security risk The fact that an employee works at home, mean that important documents with information can be accessible from home. For an organization this gives the risk that confidential documents could be stolen physically or through hacking without the protection of organization security software. Optical Fiber Cable Originally, copper was used as the wire for telephone line or cable wire. It was shortly replaced by fiber optics due to higher bandwidth over longer distance which give better coverage. Fiber optics is the technique of light transmission through fibers of glass which results in the transmitting of data. In other words, fiber optic cables carry information between two places using entirely light-based technology. Advantages of opticalfiber cable Bandwidth Optical fiber cables have much greater bandwidth than metal cables, The amount of information that can be transmitted is faster than other transmission. With the high performance single mode cable used for long distance telecommunication, the bandwidth surpasses the needs of today’s application Low Power Loss Optical fiber offer low power loss. This allow for longer transmission. In comparison, longest distance for copper is 100m while with fiber is 2000m Interference Optical fiber cable are immune to electromagnetic interference. It can also be run in electrically noisy environment without concern as electrical noise will not affect fiber
- 14. 14 Security Optical fiber are difficult to tap. As they do not radiate electromagnetic energy, emission cannot be intercepted. As physically tapping the fiber takes great skill to do undetected, fiber is the most secure medium available for carrying sensitive data Disadvantages of Opticalfiber cable Cost Even thought fiber cables cheaper than copper, it is still relatively are expensive to install. As optical fiber is expanding beyond its original realm and major application in the carrier backbone and is moving into the local loop, and through technologies such as FTTx (Fiber to the Home, Premises, etc.) and PONs (Passive Optical Networks), enabling subscriber and end user broadband access. Susceptibility to Physical Damages Fiber is a small and compact cable, and it is highly susceptible to becoming cut or damage during installation or construction activities. Because railroads often provide rights-of-way for fiber optic installation. Railroad car derailments pose a significant cable damage threat, and these event can disrupt service to large group of people. Because of this, when fiber optic cabling is chosen as the transmission medium, it is necessary to address restoration and backup. Fragile, Careful, Special equipment Fiber can be broken or have transmission loses when wrapped around curves of only a few centimeters radius. However by encasing fiber in a plastic sheath, it is difficult to bend the cable into a small enough radius to break the fiber
- 16. 16 Case study Introduction The case study we chose is Upper East@Tiger Lane. This buildings is a luxury apartment which located at the Kenny Hills in Ipoh. This apartment will be the best luxury apartment in Perak.Upper East@Tiger Lane consist of a total 5 blocks comprising 529 units in total. The size of an apartment consist of 1,162 square feet for small family,1,507 square feet dual-key units for extended family and 1,787 square feet duplex for bigger family. The reason why we chose Upper East@Tiger Lane as our case study is because the developer which is EcoFirst Consolidated Berhad had put the telecommunication problem as one of their main focus in this project. The managing director Datuk Seri Dr Vincent Tiew signed a contract with the lifestyle communication provider, XcessCommHSBB Sdn Bhd worth RM 5 million on security system and high-speed broadband service at Upper East.Off the amount, RM 2 million is used to put in 4 km of fibre optic cables and other infrastructure for high speed broadband that can go up to 100Mbps. All units will have 10Mbps speed connection ready and free of charge for the first two years. Residents also have another option which is to increase the speed connection to 100Mbps at a cheaper price. The residents are very lucky to have a developer that willing to spend money on telecommunication technology. This action already ensure the residents from future expansion for the next 15 years. Besides the system above, Upper East also have Fibre Based HD SMARTV System can be defined as Satellite Master Antenna Television System to distribute the television program to individual households of the building by fibre optic cable. Visitor Management System also applied to keep track of visitors entering and exiting the premises. Access Control System is use to allow flow of authorised people in premises or deny unauthorised visitors. Last but not least, there are also CCTV Surveillance covers every lobby floor and lift with 30 days real time recording to ensure high level of security within the apartment.
- 17. 17 Telecommunication Infrastructure Design PROJECT: FIBER TO HOME (EXTRALOW VOLTAGE SERVICES) OVERVIEW Identifying the process of obtaining high-speed broadband via fiber to home. We will be covering the route of the system and the pros and cons of this system comparing to the conventional systems. We will also suggest future improvements to better enhance this network. WHAT IS FIBER TO HOME? Fiber to home is a service provided by various operators such as Telecom Malaysia, Maxis, Time.com to name a few. This service provides high speed broadband to cater for our ever-growing need for fast internet. The entire network consist of infrastructure works such as trenching, horizontal drilling and also aerial cabling works and underground cabling works. Upon reaching to the designated building, the extra low voltage (ELV) services takes over to provide the service to individual homes.
- 18. 18 ROUTE OF FIBER TO HOME Refer to the process and diagram below. PROS AND CONS VS THE CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM We will be comparing ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) and Fiber to Home (FTTH). Here is a comparison table for the 2 systems Items FTTH ADSL Transmission Optical fiber Existing telephone lines Speed 300Mbits/s 8Mbits/s Infrastructure Requires infrastructure works Not required, using existing phone lines FIBER BACKBONE(RUNS THROUGHOUTTHE COUNTRY) FIBER CLUSTERS OR KNOWN OF TELEPHONE EXCHANGE(BRANCH OFF THEMAIN BACKBONE) AGGREGATION NODE (DISTRIBUTION OF THE FIBER TO AREAS) SPLITTER NODE (DISTRIBUTION OF FIBER TO DESIGNATED BUILDINGS) FIBER TO PREMISE (ENTER BUILDING'S ELV SYSTEM) MAIN FIBER DISTRIBUTION ROOM (SDF ROOM) OPTICAL DISTRIBUTION ROOMFOR EACH BLOCK (USING 48 CORE FIBER CABLES) FIBER DISTRIBUTION BOX FOR EACH FLOOR (SPLIT TO INDIVIDUAL UNITS
- 19. 19 FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS AND IMPROVEMENTS In recent case studies, upcoming research as shown that there will be future improvements to further increase the speed of the data downloads. With the current network only using point to point access, there are researches that will look into, to name a few: Next-generation medium access control (MAC) algorithms and protocols Architectures/technologies offering sustainable ultrahigh bit rate per user Energy efficiency issues Protection/restoration issues Hybrid/converged wireline/wireless access network architectures Graceful evolution of legacy PONs to next-generation (NG)-PONs SUMMARY To further cater for the demands of high speed internet, telecommunication operators are always in the race of improving the network as residential and commercial buildings are now required to provide high speed internet systems to home.
- 20. 20 Possible problem for the system - Heat and power problems (release high heat cause of high voltage of electric energy is consumed) - -Replacement values ( the cost of equipment ) - -Property damage (hot weather = high temperature is it enemy) - Business interruption ( an error can cause a loss of a company ) - Cooling (needed to cool the equipment)
- 21. 21 Recommendation for future improvement Telecommunication has been upgraded greatly for the past 50 years. From researches and analysis of digital electronics and semiconductors in the telecommunication industry, analog representations of voice and images have been substituted by digital representations. Reducing weather impacts In times there has been external weather relating impacts to the building systems and caused huge losses to the company. One solution for this is to prevent or reduce the impact coming from the weather. One example would be a new flood protection standard and it should be constructed on new and existing buildings especially if the area has a high rate of big rains or flood possibilities. Utilising and managing the building space One method of having the most of a building space is to organise it oftenly and also maintain it regularly. This doesn't just saves time but costs as well sometimes, a minor damage to the system could cost the company a huge sum of money. Another way of easy organising is by purchasing MasterFormat as it helps to organize project manuals and detailed cost informations and also to relate drawing notations to specifications. MasterFormat is the master list of tiles and numbers used to organize specifications and other project informations. This helps the owner to manage their requirements, deadlines and budgets better.
- 22. 22 What we learn from this group project The world we live in is advancing faster than we can possibly catch up, but keeping on track is as good. These technologies is a huge part of our lives and we can't run away from it to be successful. Digital technology that intergrates transmission, switching, processing and retrieval of information allows us to merge to various service modes into an intergrated whole. As we allow telecommunication to be a part of our daily lives, the systems should be reliable, consistent and secure as the quality is also very important to some people. The system provided should be up to par with the standards required. The efficiency of telecommunication services is very important where as in a (MDU) it requires a professional to cautiously plan the accomodation of the system in order satisfy the needs of consumer in each premises. The types of cabling systems plays a huge role in the efficiency and performance of the system. The better the quality, the better the performance. Sometimes when things goes wrong it takes a good management systrem to repair of fix the system or also enhance the performance of the system. Its always better to prevent than cure so the management systems would prolong the lifespan of the system thus it saves costs on repair work as well.
- 23. 23 Reference and Bibliography Du.ae.(n.d.). Building Infrastructure Guideline v.5 http://www.du.ae/docs/default-source/support-docs/building-infrastructure-guideline-v -5.pdf?sfvrsn=0 ARCHIBUS. Telecommunication & Cable Management http://archibus.com/index.cfm?circuit=content_application&template_id=827&pagese ction=Telecommunications%20%26%20Cable%20Management&path=1.3.29.99&me nu_id=99 UKESSAYS. The advantage and disadvantage of telecommunication https://www.ukessays.com/essays/information-technology/the-advantages-and-disad vantages-of-telecommunication-information-technology-essay.php The advantage and disadvantage of fiber optic https://hubtechinsider.wordpress.com/2009/06/04/the-advantages-and-disadvantage s-of-fiber-optics/ RHN Consulting. Riser management http://rnhconsulting.net/services/riser-management/