bses project file .doc

COMPANY PROFILE
History of Electricity in Delhi:
The history of electricity in Delhi dates back to 1905 when M/s John Flemming
Company was awarded the license as per Indian Electricity Act, 1903, for generation
and distribution of power in Delhi. Electricity those days was a luxury and the
privilege of the high ranking British officials and a few rich people. It was a rare and
costly commodity with a perception of being dangerous. Infact even rich Indian
accepted this at a much later stage. M/s John Fleming Company was replaced by the
Delhi Tramway and Lighting Company, which was subsequently renamed as Delhi
Electricity Supply & Traction Company. In 1939, The Delhi Central Electric Power
Authority (DCEPA) was formed to run the services. In 1951, the DCEPA was taken
over by the Delhi State Electricity Board, constituted under Indian Electricity (Supply)
Act 1948. In 1958, Delhi Electricity Supply Undertaking came into existence and was
once again converted to Delhi Vidyut Board in 1997. In July 2002, Delhi Vidyut Board
unbundled into five successor entities – the three distribution companies, a
transmission and a holding company. Two of the three distribution companies have
been handed over to BSES, and one to TATA POWER.
About BSES:
BSES Limited is India's premier utility engaged in the generation, transmission and
distribution of electricity. Formerly, known as Bombay Suburban Electric Supply
Limited, it was incorporated on 1st October 1929, for the distribution of electricity in
the suburbs of Mumbai, with a pioneering mission to make available uninterrupted,
reliable, and quality power to customers and provide value added services for the
development of the power and infrastructure sectors.
BSES caters to the needs of 2.07 million consumers over an area of 384 sq. km. with a
maximum system demand of approximately 1198 MVA. With 7 decades in the field of
power distribution, the Electricity Supply Division of BSES has achieved the
distinction of operating its distribution network with 99.98% on-line reliability and
has a distribution loss of only 29.9%. BSES was amongst the first utilities in India to
adopt computerization in 1967 to meet the increasing workload and to improve
services to its customers. With a view to optimally utilize trained manpower and
expertise in the field of power, the company commenced contracting activities in
1966 by undertaking turnkey electrical contracts, thermal, hydro and gas turbine
installations and commissioning contracts, transmission line projects etc. BSES set up
its own 500 MW Thermal Power Plant and the first 2 x 250 MW units of Dahanu

Power Station were synchronized and began commercial operation during 1995-
1996. A dedicated 220 kV double circuit transmission line network with three 220 /
33 kV receiving stations have been installed to evacuate the power to the distribution
area of the Company. This demonstrates BSES’ in-house capabilities ranging from
engineering, operation & maintenance of power plants and transmission and
distribution systems.
BSES through international competitive bidding acquired an equity stake of 51% in
three of the four Distribution Companies of Orissa. At present, BSES along with its
subsidiaries provide electricity to more than 2.7 million consumers in an area
covering about 1,23,000 sq. km with an estimated population of 34 million. In July
2002, Delhi Vidyut Board unbundled into five successor entities – the three
distribution companies, a transmission and a holding company. Two of the three
distribution companies have been handed over to BSES, and one to TATA POWER. As
a part of its active support to the privatization process, BSES has recently acquired an
equity stake of 51% in two of the three Distribution Companies of Delhi after
unbundling and privatization of the erstwhile Delhi Vidyut Board. The two
distribution companies, BSES Rajdhani Power Limited covering South and West areas
and BSES Yamuna Power Limited covering Central and East regions provide electricity
to around 22 lakhs consumers spread across an area of 960 sq kms (approx). BSES
became part of the Reliance Group on January 18, 2003. BSES will be renamed
‘Reliance Energy’ to reflect the change in ownership, and to leverage brand equity of
Reliance.
The new name ‘Reliance Energy’ will directly communicate association with the
internationally respected Reliance Group, and reflect the larger dimension of BSES’
future plans. So presently BSES deals with mainly distribution sector in the country
BSES Delhi
Following the privatization of Delhi‟s power sector and unbundling of the Delhi
Vidyut Board in July 2002, the business of power distribution was transferred to BSES
Yamuna Power Limited (BYPL) and BSES Rajdhani Power Limited (BRPL). These two of
the three successor entities distribute electricity to 22.6 lakh customers in two thirds
of Delhi. The Company acquired assets, liabilities, proceedings and personnel of the
Delhi Vidyut Board as per the terms and conditions contained in the Transfer
Scheme.
1.5.4 BSES Rajdhani Power Limited (BRPL)
BRPL distributes power to an area spread over 750 sq. km with a population density

of 1360 per sq km. Its‟ over 12.2 lakh customers are spread 19 districts across South
and West areas including Alaknanda, Khanpur, Vasant Kunj, Saket, Nehru Place,
Nizamuddin, Sarita Vihar, Hauz Khas, R K Puram, Janakpuri, Najafgargh, Nangloi,
Mundka, Punjabi Bagh, Tagore Garden,Vikas Puri,Palam and Dwarka. Since taking
over distribution, BSES‟ singular mission has been to provide reliable and quality
electricity supply. BSES has invested over Rs 3500 crore on upgrading and
augmenting the infrastructure which has resulted in a record reduction of AT&C
losses. From a high of 63. % AT&C losses in BYPL area the losses have come down to
29.8% a record reduction around 33%.Similarly, in BRPL area AT&C losses have been
reduced from 52.% to 27.% - a record reduction of 29%.
BSES Yamuna Power Limited (BYPL)
BYPL distributes power to an area spread over 200 sq kms with a population density
of 4230 per sq km. Its 10.4lakh customers are spread over 14 districts across Central
and East areas including Chandni Chowk, Daryaganj, Paharganj, Shankar Road, Patel
Nagar, G T Road, Karkardooma, Krishna Nagar, Laxmi Nagar, Mayur Vihar, Yamuna
Vihar, Nand Nagri and Karawal Nagar. BYPL distributes power to an area spread over
200 sq kms with a population density of 4230 per sq km. Its 10.4lakh customers are
spread over 14 districts across Central and East areas including Chandni Chowk,
Daryaganj, Paharganj, Shankar Road, Patel Nagar, G T Road, Karkardooma, Krishna
Nagar, Laxmi Nagar, Mayur Vihar, Yamuna Vihar, Nand Nagri and Karawal Nagar.
Geographical Reach
Delhi Distribution Area
Business of the Organization

Delhi Supply Division:
Caters to an area of 950 sq. Kms.
Supply Area covers South Delhi, East Delhi, West Delhi and Central Delhi.
Consumers include houses, residential complexes, high rise buildings, commercial
Complex medium and large industrial houses, government establishment like Airport,
Worship places, Milk Dairy, Mother Dairy and Municipal Hospitals, Sewerage projects
etc.
1. Caters to more than 22 lakh consumers.
2. Provides highly reliable and continuous supply.
3. All consumers are given metered supply only.
4. Reliability 99.99 %
Supply area 960 sq. kms(approx)
No. of Consumers Above 22 lakhs
Population covered Above 80 lakh
System peak 5320 MW(approx)
Power Transformer 6024 MVA
No. of Dist. Substations 9338(approx
Dist Transformer capacity 5178.411 MVA
Power Factor 0.99
66 kV Capacitors 459.91 MVAr
LT Capacitors 297.20 MVAr
DELHI DISTRIBUTION NETWORK
• 66/33/11 kV Sub Transmission Network.
• Receiving Stations.
SALIENT FEATURES
1. Unit type system at 66/33/11 kV radial system
2. Open Ring type system at 11 kV Mesh Network.
3. Partial Ring type system at L T Secondary Distribution level.

4. Distribution system with overhead cum underground cable network
Chapter: 2
Substations

Pole Mounted
Sub-station is a large, free standing, outdoor electrical equipment that is mostly
located in residential places. Its main purpose is to step-down the lethal 11kV to
415/240V for light, commercial and residential loads (consumers)...
The 11kV line is connected to the Step-Down Transformer (11kV/415V) though a
gang isolator and fuses. The lighting arrestors are installed on the H.T side to protect
the Sub-Station from lightening strokes. The transformer steps down the 11kV to
415V, 3phase, 4-wire supply. The voltage between any two lines is 415V, and
between any line and a phase is 240V. The Oil Circuit Breaker (O.C.B), installed on the
L.T side automatically isolates the transformer from the consumers in case of any
fault. The Pole Mounted Sub-stations are generally used for transformer capacity up
to 200kVA
They should be periodically checked for dielectric strength of oil in the transformer
and (OCB)
In case of repair the transformer or (O.C.B) both the Gang Isolators and (O.C.B)
should be shut off.

bses project file .doc

Indoor substation layout
Outdoor substation basic layout

Outdoor substation without enclosure
This kind of outdoor substations based on weatherproof equipment is commonly
used in countries such as UK and India for example.
These substations are generally included in MV rings and include:
 Two functional units dedicated to the connection of the substation to the ring
 One functional unit for the supply and the protection of the MV/LV power
transformer generally done by a circuit breaker unit
 One single MV/LV Power transformer
 One LV distribution panel.
The transformer and the LV panel can be installed in dedicated outdoor type
housing. Advantage and disadvantage of outdoor substation as compared to indoor
substation The outdoor substation has following advantages: • The construction
work needed is much smaller than the indoor substation. • Installation cost of
switchgear is low. • Adequate space between two adjoining equipment can be
provided. • Erection is made in less time. • Whole structure is properly viewed, so
that fault can be easily located. • The scheme extension is easier. Disadvantages of
outdoor substations are, • Dust and dirt use to formulate on contact switches. This
makes maintenance cost higher. • In rainy or snow falling seasons switching
becomes complicated. • The installation suffers from security as unauthorized
persons can easily penetrate the structure.
Comparision between outdoor and indoor substation
Outdoor Indoor
More space required Less space required
Less time required for erection More time required for erection
Easy future extension Difficult future extension
Easier fault location because of equipment being in
full view.
Difficult fault location because of
equipment not being in full view.

Low capital cost High capital cost
Difficult operation Easier operation
Possibility of fault escalation is less. Plausibility of fault escalation is more.
Step Up Substation
Step up substations are associated with generating stations. Generation of power is
limited to low voltage levels due to limitations of the rotating alternators. These
generating voltages must be stepped up for economical transmission of power over
long distance. So there must be a step up substation associated with generating
station.
Step Down Substation
The stepped up voltages must be stepped down at load centers, to different voltage
levels for different purposes. Depending upon these purposes the step down
substation are further categorized in different sub categories.
Primary Step Down Substation
The primary step down sub stations are created nearer to load center along the
primary transmission lines. Here primary transmission voltages are stepped down to
different suitable voltages for secondary transmission purpose.
Secondary Step Down Substation
Along the secondary transmission lines, at load center, the secondary transmission
voltages are further stepped down for primary distribution purpose. The stepping
down of secondary transmission voltages to primary distribution levels are done at
secondary step down substation.
Distribution Substation
Distribution substation are situated where the primary distribution voltages are
stepped down to supply voltages for feeding the actual consumers through a
distribution network.

Bulk Supply or Industrial Substation
Bulk supply or industrial substation are generally a distribution sub – station but they
are dedicated for one consumer only. An industrial consumer of large or medium
supply group may be designated as bulk supply consumer. Individual step down
substation is dedicated to these consumers.
Mobile Substation
The mobile substations are also very special purpose sub – station temporarily
required for construction purpose. For big construction purpose this substation
fulfills the temporary power requirement during construction work.
Hybrid Gas Isolated substation– GIS (HGIS)
Hybrid – GIS (HGIS) is a new type of high-voltage switchgear which is compact in size,
reliable in operation and economical in cost. HGIS is mainly composed of Bushings

(BSG), Disconnecting Switch (DS), Earthing Switch (ES), Circuit Breaker (CB), and
Current Transformer (CT), etc.
Since a three-position disconnecting and earthing switch (DES) is used, HGIS features
not only compactness, but also safety. Apart from compactness, HGIS requires very
short time for onsiteerection. The main advantages of HGIS are reliable operation,
performance, high degree of intelligence and very little requirement for
maintenance. HGIS is a combination of advantages of Air Insulated Switchgear (AIS)
and Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) equipment. Compared with AIS, HGIS greatly
saves space and gets rid of the complications of installing and maintaining many
equipment in the substation. Compared with the GIS, HGIS features faster and
simpler erection, easier for service and replacement.
40.5 ~ 252kV HGIS is an outdoor three-phase AC transmission equipment using SF6
gas as the insulating medium. It can be used for a variety of applications viz.
transmission and distribution substations, power plants, factories, railways, etc.
Main Product Features
Light weight
The three phases are located in separated enclosures. There is very little interference
between the phases. Enclosure is an aluminum structure, light in weight, having
good conductivity and no eddy current loss.
 Excellent Breaking Performance : Circuit breaker adopts the two gas
chamberself-arc-extinguishing principle. It uses its own energy of the arc to
improve the arc extinguishing capability. Therefore the energy used for the
operating mechanism is very much reduced, and the reliability of the product
is greatly improved as a result.
 High reliability of the operating mechanism : Circuit Breaker uses a state of art
spring mechanism which requires very low operating energy and hence less
maintenance. The three phases are mechanically interlinked which ensures
high level of synchronized reliability of the product.
Electrical operating mechanism is used for the DS and ES of the three-position
switch (DES). The DS and ES are mechanically interlocked so as to avoid fault
operation, which ensures high safety and reliability.

 Easy Erection and Installation at Site : HGIS is transported as a whole unit to
the site. Erection on the site is very easy and requires very little time. Only
some simple connections and gas filling is needed before testing and
commissioning which makes it easy to handle.
 Economic Advantage : HGIS integrates Circuit Breaker (CB), Disconnecting
Switch (DS), Earthing Switch (ES), Current Transformer (CT), Fast Earthing
Switch (FES), Voltage Transformer (VT)), Surge/ Lightening Arrestor (SA/ LA)
and other components into one module that saves significantly land and
space requirement, which is a very scarce resources in large cities.

Equipments and essential parts of substations :
 Transformers
 RMU ( sf6 Circuit breaker ) Ring Main Unit

 Vaccum Circuit Breaker
 Air Circuit Breaker
 Meters
Detailed description and discussion about all these are done below .
 Transformers
All the three phase transformers are delta – star connected as at the
consumer end single phase supply is provided so neutral can be there for a
return path n main path can be any of the R-Y-B .
There are 3 main parts in the distribution transformer:
 Coils/winding –where incoming alternate current (through primary
winding) generates magnetic flux, which in turn develop a magnetic field
feeding back a secondary winding
 Magnetic core –allowing transfer of magnetic field generated by primary
winding to secondary winding by principle of magnetic induction First 2 parts
are known as active parts
 Tank– serving as a mechanical package to protect active parts, as a holding
vessel for transformer oil used for cooling and insulation and bushing (plus
auxiliary equipment where applicable)
 Bushing - All materials carrying an electric charge generate an electric field.
When an energized conductor is near any material at earth potential, it can
cause very high field strengths to be formed, especially where the field
lines are forced to curve sharply around the earthed material. The bushing
controls the shape and strength of the field and reduces the electrical
stresses in the insulating material.

 RMU / SF6 circuit breaker assembly
A circuit breaker in which the current carrying contacts operate in sulphur
hexafluoride or SF6 gas is known as an SF6 circuit breaker. SF6 has excellent
insulating property and it has a high electro-negativity. Therefore, it has high affinity
of absorbing free electrons. Whenever a free electron collides with the SF6 gas
molecule, it is absorbed by that gas molecule and forms a negative ion with the
following processes.
These negative ions are much heavier than a free electron and therefore the
over all mobility of the negatively charged particle in the medium is
considerably reduced compared to other gases. As the mobility of charged
particle is reduced, therefore the severity of arcing shall also be affected and
reduced.
There are 3 types of sf6 circuit breaker :
1. Single interrupter SF6 CB applied for up to 245 KV(220 KV) system.
2. Single pressure puffer type SF6 CB applied for up to 420 KV(400 KV) system.
3. Double pressure puffer type SF6 CB applied for up to 800 KV(715 KV) system.
Disadvantages of SF6 CB
The SF6 gas is identified as a greenhouse gas, safety regulation are being
introduced in many countries in order to prevent its release into atmosphere.
Puffer type design of SF6 CB needs a high mechanical energy which is almost five
times greater than that of oil circuit breaker.

Vacuum Circuit Breaker
The modern vacuum bottle, which is used in both breakers and contactors, is
normally made from ceramic material. It has pure oxygen-free copper main
connections; stainless steel bellows and has composite weld-resistant main contact
materials. A typical contact material comprises a tungsten matrix impregnated with a
copper and antimony alloy to provide a low melting point material to ensure
continuation of the arc until nearly current zero.
Because it is virtually impossible for electricity to flow in a vacuum, the early designs
displayed the ability of current chopping i.e. switching off the current at a point on
the cycle other than current zero. This sudden instantaneous collapse of the current
generated extremely high-voltage spikes and surges into the system, causing failure
of equipment.
Another phenomenon was pre-strike at switch on. Due to their superior rate of
dielectric recovery, a characteristic of all vacuum switches was the production of a
train of pulses during the closing operation. Although of modest magnitude, the high
rate of rise of voltage in prestrike transients can, under certain conditions produce
high-insulation stresses in motor line end coils. Subsequent developments attempted
to alleviate these shortcomings by the use of ‘softer’ contact materials, in order to
maintain metal vapor in the arc plasma so that it did not go out during switching.

Unfortunately, this led to many instances of contacts welding on closing.
Restrike transients produced under conditions of stalled motor switch off was also a
problem. When switching off a stalled induction motor, or one rotating at only a
fraction of synchronous speed, there is little or no machine back emf, and a high
voltage appears across the gap of the contactor immediately after extinction. If at
this point of time the gap is very small, there is the change that the gap will break
down and initiate a restrike transient, puncturing the motor’s insulation.
Modern designs have all but overcome these problems. In vacuum contactors, higher
operating speeds coupled with switch contact material are chosen to ensure high gap
breakdown strength, produce shorter trains of pulses

 Air Circuit Breaker
This type of circuit breakers, is those kind of circuit breaker which operates in air at
atmospheric pressure. After development of oil circuit breaker, the medium voltage
air circuit breaker (ACB) is replaced completely by oil circuit breaker in different
countries. But in countries like France and Italy, ACBs are still preferable choice up to
voltage 15 KV. It is also good choice to avoid the risk of oil fire, in case of oil circuit
breaker. In America ACBs were exclusively used for the system up to 15 KV until the
development of new vacuum and SF6 circuit breakers.
Working principle of air circuit breaker(ACB)
The working principle of this breaker is rather different from those in any other types
of circuit breakers. The main aim of all kind of circuit breaker is to prevent the
reestablishment of arcing after current zero by creating a situation where in the

contact gap will withstand the system recovery voltage. The air circuit breaker does
the same but in different manner. For interrupting arc it creates an arc voltage in
excess of the supply voltage. Arc voltage is defined as the minimum voltage required
maintaining the arc. This circuit breaker increases the arc voltage by mainly three
different ways, 1. It may increase the arc voltage by cooling the arc plasma. As the
temperature of arc plasma is decreased, the mobility of the particle in arc plasma is
reduced, hence more voltage gradient is required to maintain the arc. 2. It may
increase the arc voltage by lengthening the arc path. As the length of arc path is
increased, the resistance of the path is increased, and hence to maintain the same
arc current more voltage is required to be applied across the arc path. That means
arc voltage is increased. 3. Splitting up the arc into a number of series arcs also
increases the arc voltage. The first objective is usually achieved by forcing the arc into
contact with as large an area as possible of insulating material. Every air circuit
breaker is fitted with a chamber surrounding the contact. This chamber is called „arc
chute‟. The arc is driven into it. If inside of the arc chute is suitably shaped, and if the
arc can conform to the shape, the arc chute wall will help to achieve cooling. This
type of arc chute should be made from some kind of refractory material. High
temperature plastics reinforced with glass fiber and ceramics are preferable materials
for making arc chute. The second objective that is lengthening the arc path is
achieved concurrently with the first objective. If the inner walls of the arc chute is
shaped in such a way that the arc is not only forced into close proximity with it but
also driven into a serpentine channel projected on the arc chute wall. The
lengthening of the arc path increases the arc resistance. The third objective is
achieved by using metal arc slitter inside the arc chute. The main arc chute is divided
into numbers of small compartments by using metallic separation plates. These
metallic separation plates are actually the arc splitters and each of the small
compartments behaves as individual mini arc chute. In this system the initial arc is
split into a number of series arcs, each of which will have its own mini arc chute. So,
each of the arc splits has its own cooling and lengthening effect. This collectively,
increases the overall arc voltage and helps in quenching.

 RELAY
 Overcurrent Relays
• Protection against excess current was naturally the earliest protection systems to
evolve
• From this basic principle has been evolved the graded over current system, a
discriminate fault protection.
• “over current” protection is different from “over load protection”.
• Overload protection makes use of relays that operate in a time related in some
degree to the thermal capability of the plant to be protected.
• Over current protection, on the other hand, is directed entirely to the clearance of
the faults, although with the settings usually adopted some measure of overload
protection is obtained.
Types of over current relays

• Based on the relay operating characteristics , overcurrent relays can be classified
into three groups
– Definite current or instantaneous
– Definite time
– Inverse time
DEFINITE-CURRENT RELAYS
• This type of relay operates instantaneously when the current reaches a
predetermined value.
DEFINITE TIME CURRENT RELAYS
• This type of relay operates after a definite time when the current reaches a
predetermined value.
INVERSE TIME RELAYS
• The fundamental property of these relays is that they operate in a time that is
inversely proportional to the fault current. Inverse time relays are generally classified
in accordance with their characteristic curve that indicates the speed of operation.
• Inverse-time relays are also referred as inverse definite minimum time or IDMT
over current relays
SETTING THE PARAMETERS OF TIME DELAY OVERCURRENT RELAY
Pick-up setting
The pick-up setting, or plug setting, is used to define the pick-up current of the relay,
and fault currents seen by the relay are expressed as multiples of plug setting.
• Plug setting multiplier (PSM) is defined as the ratio of the fault current in secondary
Amps to the relay plug setting.
• For phase relays the pick-up setting is determined by allowing a margin for
overload above the nominal current, as in the following expression
Pick-up setting = (OLF x Inom) / CTR
Where, OLF = Overload factor that depends on the element being protected.

Inom = Nominal circuit current rating, and CTR = CT Ratio
Time dial setting
• The time-dial setting adjusts the time –delay before the relay operates whenever
the fault current reaches a value equal to, or greater than the relay setting.
• The time-dial setting is also referred to as time multiplier setting (TMS)
DISCRIMINATION BY TIME
In this method an appropriate time interval is given by each of the relays controlling
the CBs in a power system to ensure that the breaker nearest to the fault location
opens first.
Thermal Relays
The coefficient of expansion is one of the basis properties of any material. Two

different metals always have different degree of linear expansion. A bimetallic strip
always bends when it heated up, due to this inequality of linear expansion of two
different metals.
Working Principle of Thermal Relay
A thermal relay works depending upon the above mentioned property of metals. The
basic working principle of thermal relay is that, when a bimetallic strip is heated up
by a heating coil carrying over current of the system, it bends and makes normally
open contacts.
Construction of Thermal Relay
The construction of thermal relay is quite simple. As shown in the figure above the
bimetallic strip has two metals – metal A and metal B. Metal A has lower coefficient
of expansion and metal – B has higher coefficient of expansion.
One heating coil is would on the bimetallic strip. When over current flows through
the heating coil, it heats up the bimetallic strip. Due to the heat generated by the
coil, both of the metals are expanded. But expansion of metal B is more than
expansion of metal A. Due to this dissimilar expansion the bimetallic strip will bend
towards metal A .
The strip bends, the No contact is closed which ultimately energizes the trip coil of a
circuit breaker.
The heating effect is not instantaneous. As per Joule’s law of heating, the amount of
heat generated, where I is the over current flowing through the
heating coil of thermal relay. R is the electrical resistance of the heating coil. t is the
time for which the current I flows through the heating coil. Hence from the above
equation it is clear that, heat generator by the coil is directly proportional to the time
during which the over current flows through the coil. Hence there is a prolonged
time delay in the operation of thermal relay. That is why this type of relay is generally
used where over load is allowed to flow for a predetermined amount of time before
it trips. If overload or over current falls down to normal value before this
predetermined time, the relay will not be operated to trip the protected equipment.
A typical application of thermal relay is overload protection of electric motor.

Increasing efficiency and reduction of losses
Introduction :
In the previous financial year, BSES has reported a loss of nearly 42%, of which 6-8%
are the transmission losses, rest 34-36% is the loss reported due to theft in various
areas in Delhi.
BSES has introduced a new DT cleaning programme to reduce the theft and
installation and upgradation of new meters/HVDS or LVDS system in various areas.
METHODS TO REDUCE THEFT :
1. In Delhi, BSES has introduced a new armoured cable (yellow in color) to
reduce the transmission loss due to theft in various parts of the city.
2. Also, the use of new electricity meters is incorporated, the new meters are
installed outside the residences and are resistant to heat, and water.
3. Regular surprise raids are carried out in various parts of the city to reduce and
fine the offenders.

New Genus Meters
Electricity act, 2003
An Act to consolidate the laws relating to generation, transmission, distribution,
trading and use of electricity and generally for taking measures conducive to
development of electricity industry, promoting competition therein, protecting
interest of consumers and supply of electricity to all areas, rationalization of
electricity tariff, ensuring transparent policies regarding subsidies, promotion of
efficient and environmentally benign policies, constitution of Central Electricity
Authority, Regulatory Commissions and establishment of Appellate Tribunal and for
matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.
INVESTIGATION AND ENFORCEMENT
Section 126: (Assessment): ---
(1) If on an inspection of any place or premises or after inspection of the
equipments, gadgets, machines, devices found connected or used, or after inspection
of records maintained by any person, the assessing officer comes to the conclusion
that such person is indulging in unauthorized use of electricity, he shall provisionally
access to the best of his judgement the electricity charges payable by such person or

by any other person benefited by such use.
(2) The order of provisional assessment shall be served upon the person in
occupation or possession or in charge of the place or premises in such manner as
may be prescribed.
1[(3) The person, on whom an order has been served under sub- section (2) shall be
entitled to file objections, if any, against the provisional assessment before the
assessing officer, who shall, after affording a reasonable opportunity of hearing to
such person, pass a final order of assessment within thirty days from the date of
service of such order of provisional assessment of the electricity charges payable by
such person.]
(4) Any person served with the order of provisional assessment, may, accept such
assessment and deposit the assessed amount with the licensee within seven days of
service of such provisional assessment order upon him.
Inspection receipts from the enforcement teams:

Following Websites has been used for reference :-
1 . www.bsesdelhi.com
2. www.electrical4u.com
3. Wikipedia

bses project file .doc

More Related Content

Similar to bses project file .doc (20)

Recently uploaded (20)

bses project file .doc