Building Chromium on an Embedded Platform using Ozone-Wayland Layer (GENIVI 13th All Member Meeting & AMM Open Days)

static void
_f_do_barnacle_install_properties(GObjectClass
*gobject_class)
{
GParamSpec *pspec;
/* Party code attribute */
pspec = g_param_spec_uint64
(F_DO_BARNACLE_CODE,
"Barnacle code.",
"Barnacle code",
0,
G_MAXUINT64,
G_MAXUINT64 /*
default value */,
G_PARAM_READABLE
| G_PARAM_WRITABLE |
G_PARAM_PRIVATE);
g_object_class_install_property (gobject_class,
F_DO_BARNACLE_PROP_CODE,
Jacobo Aragunde Pérez
http://blogs.igalia.com/jaragunde
@JacoboAragunde
Building Chromium on an
embedded platform using
Ozone-Wayland

● Open Source experts and consultants
● 14 years of experience
● Important contributions to:
● Client-side web tecnologies: WebKit,
Blink/Chromium, Servo
● Graphics: Wayland, Mesa
● Compilers: V8, JavaScriptCore, Guile
● Multimedia: GStreamer, Grilo
● ...

Ingredients
● Renesas R-Car M2
Porter
● Recipes to build a
Weston image
● Meta-browser recipes
to build Chromium
● Computing power
● Patience!

Layers
● Poky
● meta-openembedded
● meta-linaro
● meta-renesas
● meta-browser
BBLAYERS ?= "
  ${TOPDIR}/../poky/meta
  ${TOPDIR}/../poky/metayocto
  ${TOPDIR}/../poky/metayoctobsp
  ${TOPDIR}/../metarenesas/metarcargen2
  ${TOPDIR}/../metarenesas
  ${TOPDIR}/../metaopenembedded/metaoe
  ${TOPDIR}/../metaopenembedded/metamultimedia
  ${TOPDIR}/../metalinaro/metalinarotoolchain
  ${TOPDIR}/../metabrowser
  "

local.conf
● Use local-wayland.conf file for porter board
● Add Chromium to the list of software in the
image
● IMAGE_INSTALL_append = " chromium"

Devshell
● devshell opens a shell where all the OE
variables and recipe defines are set.
● you need the xterm package around
● depending on your environment, you may need
export DISPLAY=:0.0

Devshell: usage
● bitbake c devshell <package name>

gdbserver
● Allows to debug a piece of software that is
running on a remote machine
● Very useful for development on embedded
● gdb difficult or impossible to run there
– Memory, processing power, disk space constraints
– 30 minutes to load chromium symbols in the porter!

gdbserver: requirements
● Gdbserver available in the image for the target
board
● Add to local.conf:
– IMAGE_INSTALL_append = " ... gdbserver"
● On the build/host machine:
● aptget install gdbmultiarch

gdbserver: usage
● On the target:
● $ gdbserver 0.0.0.0:15000 <program>
● $ gdbserver attach 0.0.0.0:15000 <pid>
● $ cd ${YOCTOBUILDIR}
● $ gdbmultiarch tmp/work/cortexa15hfvfpneonpoky
linuxgnueabi/<module>/image/<pathtoexec>
● (gdb) set sysroot tmp/sysroots/porter
● (gdb) set arch armv5
● (gdb) target remote ${ip.address.of.board}:15000
● (gdb) run | continue

Chromium --gpu-startup-dialog
● Multi-process architecture
● Great for user experience and security
● Extra difficulty to debug
● Flag --gpu-startup-dialog to debug the GPU
process

--gpu-startup-dialog: usage
● On the target:
● $ googlechrome gpustartupdialog
Gpu (816) paused waiting for debugger to attach. Send SIGUSR1
to unpause.
● $ gdbserver attach 0.0.0.0:15000 816
● $ cd ${YOCTOBUILDIR}
● $ gdbmultiarch tmp/work/cortexa15hfvfpneonpokylinux
gnueabi/chromium/46.0.2459.0r0/src/out/Release/chrome
● (gdb) set sysroot tmp/sysroots/porter
● (gdb) set arch armv5
● (gdb) target remote 192.168.10.135:15000
● (gdb) signal SIGUSR1

Getting in trouble…
and out of it

Missing gnome-keyring
● Error:
| No package 'gnomekeyring1' found
| gyp: Call to 'pkgconfig cflags gnomekeyring1'
  returned exit status 1.
| WARNING: exit code 1 from a shell command.
| ERROR: Function failed: do_configure (log file is
  located at .../log.do_configure.17258)
ERROR: Task 5 (.../chromium_46.0.2459.0.bb,
  do_configure) failed with exit code '1'

● Workaround: add to local.conf:
● IMAGE_INSTALL_append = " chromium libgnomekeyring"
● Solution: check dependencies in Chromium recipe:
● In chromium_40.0.2214.91.bb:
DESCRIPTION = "Chromium browser"
DEPENDS += "libgnomekeyring"
include chromium.inc
● In chromium.inc:
DEPENDS = "xznative pciutils pulseaudio cairo nss zlib
native libav cups ninjanative gconf libexif pango
libdrm"
● Wrong include, libgnome-keyring dependency gets overwritten!

● Patch: Include chromium.inc before
appending to DEPENDS
a/recipesbrowser/chromium/chromium_40.0.2214.91.bb
+++ b/recipesbrowser/chromium/chromium_40.0.2214.91.bb
@@ 16,9 +16,9 @@
#    * CHROMIUM_WAYLAND_DEPENDS
#    * CHROMIUM_WAYLAND_GYP_DEFINES

+include chromium.inc
DESCRIPTION = "Chromium browser"
DEPENDS += "libgnomekeyring"
include chromium.inc
SRC_URI = "
         .../chromiumbrowserofficial/${P}.tar.xz
         file://include.gypi

● New error:
ERROR: Nothing PROVIDES 'libgnomekeyring' (but
.../chromium_40.0.2214.91.bb DEPENDS on or otherwise
requires it)
NOTE: Runtime target 'chromium' is unbuildable,
removing...
Missing or unbuildable dependency chain was:
['chromium', 'libgnomekeyring']
ERROR: Required build target 'coreimageweston' has
no buildable providers.
Missing or unbuildable dependency chain was:
['coreimageweston', 'chromium', 'libgnomekeyring']

● How to get libgnome-keyring?
$ find name libgnomekeyring*
./metaopenembedded/metagnome/recipes
gnome/gnomekeyring/libgnomekeyring_2.32.0.bb
● Solution: add meta-gnome layer:
BBLAYERS ?= "
  ${TOPDIR}/../poky/meta
  ${TOPDIR}/../poky/metayocto
  ${TOPDIR}/../poky/metayoctobsp
  ${TOPDIR}/../metarenesas/metarcargen2
  ${TOPDIR}/../metarenesas
  ${TOPDIR}/../metaopenembedded/metaoe
  ${TOPDIR}/../metaopenembedded/metamultimedia
  ${TOPDIR}/../metalinaro/metalinarotoolchain
  ${TOPDIR}/../metabrowser
  ${TOPDIR}/../metaopenembedded/metagnome
  "

Problem building libglu
● Error:
| .../tmp/sysroots/x86_64linux/usr/libexec/
  cortexa15hfvfpneonpokylinuxgnueabi/gcc/
  armpokylinuxgnueabi/4.8.3/ld: cannot find lGL
| collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
| Makefile:1041: recipe for target 'libGLU.la' failed
| make: *** [libGLU.la] Error 1
| ERROR: oe_runmake failed
| ERROR: Function failed: do_compile (log file is
  located at .../log.do_compile.27132)

● Cause: libglu, required by dependencies, depends on full GL,
which is not available in the device.
● Dependency chain when X11 is enabled:
● chromium → libav → libsdl → libglu → GL
$ cat ./meta/recipesmultimedia/libav/libav.inc
...
PACKAGECONFIG[x11] = "enablex11grab,disable
x11grab,virtual/libx11 libxfixes libxext xproto
virtual/libsdl"
● Workaround: add to local.conf:
● DISTRO_FEATURES_remove = " x11"

● Solution: patch recipe, glu was not really
necessary to build libsdl
a/meta/recipesgraphics/libsdl/libsdl_1.2.15.bb
+++ b/meta/recipesgraphics/libsdl/libsdl_1.2.15.bb
@@ 13,7 +13,7 @@ LIC_FILES_CHKSUM = "file://COPYING;md5=27818cd7fd83877a8e3ef82b827
PROVIDES = "virtual/libsdl"

DEPENDS = "${@base_contains('DISTRO_FEATURES', 'directfb', 'directfb', '', d)}
${@base_contains('DISTRO_FEATURES', 'opengl', 'virtual/libgl libglu', '', d)}
+ ${@base_contains('DISTRO_FEATURES', 'opengl', 'virtual/libgl', '', d)}
${@base_contains('DISTRO_FEATURES', 'x11', 'virtual/libx11 libxext libxrandr libxr
tslib"

● Proper patch is already upstream
commit 0e5a9114f58828058595d773e5b97771c88f7be8
Author: Robert Yang <liezhi.yang@windriver.com>
Date:   Tue Sep 15 19:28:46 2015 0700
    libsdl: depends on libglu when both x11 and opengl

    The libglu requires both opengl (depends on
    virtual/libgl) and x11
    (needs libGL.so which is provided by mesa when x11 in
    DISTRO_FEATURES),
    so let libsdl depends on libglu when both x11 and
    opengl in
    DISTRO_FEATURES.

Missing includes in v8
● Error:
| FAILED: g++  MMD MF obj.host/v8/src/base/v8_libbase.bits.o.d
  D... W... f... pipe m32 O3 std=gnu++11
  I../../v8 Igen param=sspbuffersize=4 pthread
  c ../../v8/src/base/bits.cc
  o obj.host/v8/src/base/v8_libbase.bits.o
| In file included from /usr/include/bits/errno.h:24:0,
|                  ...
|                  from ../../v8/src/base/bits.cc:5:
| /usr/include/linux/errno.h:1:23: fatal error: asm/errno.h:
  No such file or directory
|  #include <asm/errno.h>
|                        ^
| compilation terminated.
| ninja: build stopped: subcommand failed.
| ERROR: Function failed: do_compile (log file is located at
  .../log.do_compile.25688)

● Check what is happening with devshell:
● $ bitbake c devshell chromium
● # whereis g++
g++: /usr/bin/g++
● # env
CPP=armpokylinuxgnueabigcc E –sysroot=.../build/tmp/sysroots/porter  march=armv7a
mthumbinterwork mfloatabi=hard mfpu=neon mtune=cortexa15
PATH=.../build/tmp/sysroots/x86_64linux/usr/bin/python
native:.../poky/scripts:.../build/tmp/sysroots/x86_64linux/usr/bin/cortexa15hfvfpneon
pokylinux
gnueabi:.../build/tmp/sysroots/porter/usr/bin/crossscripts:.../build/tmp/sysroots/x86_64
linux/usr/sbin:.../build/tmp/sysroots/x86_64linux/usr/bin:.../build/tmp/sysroots/x86_64
linux/sbin:.../build/tmp/sysroots/x86_64
linux/bin:.../poky/scripts:.../poky/bitbake/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/local/games
:/usr/games
CXX=armpokylinuxgnueabig++  march=armv7a mthumbinterwork mfloatabi=hard mfpu=neon
mtune=cortexa15 –sysroot=.../build/tmp/sysroots/porter
CC=armpokylinuxgnueabigcc  march=armv7a mthumbinterwork mfloatabi=hard mfpu=neon
mtune=cortexa15 –sysroot=.../build/tmp/sysroots/porter
● # whereis armpokylinuxgnueabig++
armpokylinuxgnueabig++: .../build/tmp/sysroots/x86_64linux/usr/bin/cortexa15hfvfpneon
pokylinuxgnueabi/armpokylinuxgnueabig++

● Problem: wrong compiler being used
● Calling g++ instead of $CXX
● $CXX points to armpokylinuxgnueabig++
inside the sysroot
● g++ is the system compiler
● Workaround:
● aptget install gccmultilib g++multilib
● Proper solution would be fixing the recipe!

Cannot open libGLESv2.so
● Error:
[display.cc (117)] Failed to load GLES
library: libGLESv2.so.2: cannot open shared
object file: no such file or directory
● Check contents in /usr/lib
● libGLESv2.so is there, symlinks with version numbers are
not
● Workaround: manually add a symlink
cd /usr/lib
ln s libGLESv2.so libGLESv2.so.2

Cannot open libGLESv2.so
● Solution: patch recipe
a/metarcargen2/recipesgraphics/glesmodule/glesusermodule.bb
+++ b/metarcargen2/recipesgraphics/glesmodule/glesusermodule.bb
@@ 65,7 +65,10 @@ do_install() {
            ${D}/${sysconfdir}/powervr.ini
         fi
     fi
}
+
+    # Fix symlink
+    cd ${D}/usr/lib && ln s libGLESv2.so libGLESv2.so.2
+}

PACKAGES = "
     ${PN}

Error in egl.c
● Error:
egl.c:228: eglQueryString: Assertion `ret != ((void
*)0)' failed.
● Check code flow with the debugger
● Set breakpoint at egl.c:228
224     ret = _eglQueryString(dpy, name);
225
226 #ifdef WANT_WAYLAND
227     if (name == EGL_EXTENSIONS) {
228        assert(ret != NULL);
229         …
● Check backtrace to know where we are: libegl

Error in egl.c
● Solution: replace the assert with a softer if
sentence
● Check solution with original developers,
share upstream
a/egl.c
+++ b/egl.c
@@ 224,8 +223,7 @@ const char *eglQueryString(EGLDisplay dpy, EGLint name)
        ret = _eglQueryString(dpy, name);

#ifdef WANT_WAYLAND
       if (name == EGL_EXTENSIONS) {
               assert(ret != NULL);
+       if (ret && name == EGL_EXTENSIONS) {

                if (!_eglextstr) {
                        _eglextstr = calloc(1, strlen(ret) + strlen(EGL_WL_EXT

Error in egl.c
● Solution: replace the assert with a softer
if sentence
● Modify libegl recipe:
a/metarcargen2/recipesgraphics/wayland/libegl.bb
+++ b/metarcargen2/recipesgraphics/wayland/libegl.bb
@@ 5,7 +5,7 @@ LIC_FILES_CHKSUM = "file://egl.c;beginline=5;endline=15;md5=36
COMPATIBLE_MACHINE = "(r8a7790|r8a7791|r8a7793|r8a7794)"

PROVIDES = "${@base_contains("DISTRO_FEATURES", "wayland", "virtual/egl", "",
SRCREV = "ee4bce93878d02a144ae6ebfba1eff28fe9b4442"
+SRCREV = "02b559098042a0aeb9ac63eece547868a140fa46"

Missing certificates
● Solution: add ca-certificates package to the
image
● IMAGE_INSTALL_append = " chromium
cacertificates"

Contributions upstream
● Contributions to meta-browser
● 4b27058 chromium: Include chromium.inc before
appending to DEPENDS
● 6ae140b chromium: Rework the evaluation of the
Wayland feature.
● 65d7e9f chromium: Clean the definitions of some
ozone-wayland variables.
● 556b41a chromium: Allow to build in Debug mode.

● Contributions to libegl
● ce7caca Don't assert when eglQueryString() returns
null.
● Contributions to meta-renesas
● rcar-gen2: libegl: Update SRCREV.
● rcar-gen2: gles-user-module: Add symlink for the
GLESv2 library.

● Contributions to Ozone-Wayland
● a12c78e Add support for receiving drag data from
external processes
● 5b0b336 Add an error message when running with
software rendering
● 3bc3655 tools/jhbuild: moduleset requires the full path
● b0988bb WindowManagerWayland: guard against
invalid window handles
● Some additional commits and more under
development now

What's next
● Build on top of meta-ivi
● Run on the GENIVI Demo Platform
● Continue with the development of Ozone-
Wayland

Building Chromium on an Embedded Platform using Ozone-Wayland Layer (GENIVI 13th All Member Meeting & AMM Open Days)

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