Building IT with Precision - SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time
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SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time provides a real-time operating system built on SUSE Linux Enterprise. It offers features like hierarchical prioritization, integrated application tracing tools, and precision time protocol that allow for more predictable, reliable and low-latency execution of time-sensitive applications. Examples of industries that benefit include manufacturing, telecommunications and finance. The latest version further strengthens reliability, reduces latency and increases predictability through improvements like CPU shielding, smarter scheduling and virtualization support.
Building IT with Precision - SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time
- 1. SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time Building Enterprise IT with Precision Jeff Reser SUSE Jeff.Reser@suse.com
- 2. 2 Agenda © Copyright 2017 SUSE LLC. All rights reserved. • Defining Real Time – It’s All About Precision • Industry Perspectives and Identifying Opportunities • Competitive Differentiators and Real Time in Practice • What’s New and Why it Matters
- 3. 3 Defining Real Time – It’s All About Precision
- 4. 4 RTOS Characteristics Precise and predictable timing • Smart scheduling and prioritization • Process of determining when and where each task will be executed • Quick response on events and communication • Guarantees that all interrupts will be serviced within a certain maximum amount of time • Predictable execution timing • Constraints of all tasks can be met with 100% certainty (time, resource, environment, performance, precedence)
- 5. 5 Analyze and identify bottlenecks while isolating tasks away from ordinary scheduling and interrupts – for low latency response on events and communications Mission-critical applications need lower latency to respond more rapidly to changing conditions Challenges Addressed By Real Time Systems Mission-critical applications need to complete processes on time and be more predictable Mission-critical applications require precision timing for higher reliability Guarantee workload deterministic timing through prioritizing processes and command execution Achieve predictable timing of shielded processes and excluding processes with real time requirements from scheduling by running them separately © Copyright 2017 SUSE LLC. All rights reserved. “Lack of prioritization” “Unpredictable timing”“Slow response to events”
- 6. 6 Standard Kernel Throughput-sensitive Workloads • Non-time sensitive workloads, applications with no process or transaction priority hierarchy, environments with no performance SLAs • When fair scheduling algorithms are required across compute resources (time sharing) • Web farms serving FIFO-based requests • Enterprise mail servers • Batch processing When is Real Time the Right Platform? Real Time Kernel Latency-sensitive Workloads • Most improvement attained for applications with a limited number of threads or clear hierarchy with priority; applications requiring faster, predictable data delivery, low data latency - Market data feeds (e.g., Reuters) - Algorithmic trading - Real Time Enterprise Risk Management • High volume transaction processing and high volume query processing applications (e.g., ATM transactions, credit card authorizations)
- 7. 7 Real Time Operating System Landscape Complete, Open Source RTOS SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time Complete RTOS built on SUSE Linux Enterprise and supporting precision execution and management of real time applications Red Hat Enterprise Linux Real Time Real time option for RHEL Embedded, Open Source RTOS eCos eCos is provided as an open source runtime system supported by the GNU open source development tools. uClinux MMU Less version of Linux. FreeRTOS Portable, open source, mini Real Time Kernel RTAI The Real Time Application Interface for Linux coocox Embedded real-time multi-task OS specially made for ARM Rocket OS Wind River has provided its Rocket OS for devices Embedded, Closed Source RTOS QNX Blackberry RTOS supports ARM, MIPS, PowerPC, SH and X86 VxWorks Produced by Wind River which is now owned by Intel INTEGRITY Green Hills Software hard RTOS with safety and security certifications ThreadX Express Logic's RTOS designed specifically for deeply embedded applications MicroC/OS2 Micrium’s portable, scalable, preemptive real-time, multitasking kernel for microprocessors embOS Segger’s priority-controlled multitasking system for development of RT apps SafeRTOS HighIntegritySystem’s RTOS for mission critical applications based on the FreeRTOS scheduling
- 8. 8 SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 12 SP2 Building Enterprise IT with Precision An enterprise-class, open source Real Time Operating System built on SUSE Linux Enterprise, designed to reduce latency and increase the predictability and reliability of time-sensitive, mission-critical applications www.suse.com/products/realtime Strengthens reliability of mission-critical workloads with process and task prioritization Reduces latency and maximize application performance through virtualization and by identifying and resolving bottlenecks Increase predictability of critical business process response times through real time scheduler classification & hierarchical priority scheme © Copyright 2017 SUSE LLC. All rights reserved.
- 10. 10 Manufacturing Research Telecommunication Finance Simulation Device simulation Data acquisition Process control Voice over IP Audio streaming Video streaming High-speed messaging Algorithmic trading Real life simulation Training systems High performance Real Time Examples in the Real World
- 11. 11 Manufacturing, Telecommunications, Finance SUSE customers running standard workloads Customized applications Replace proprietary and embedded Real Time Test latency impact on workloads Target Opportunities for Real Time
- 12. 12 Competitive Differentiators and Real Time in Practice
- 13. 13 SLERT Competitive Features and Differentiators Feature Benefit SLERT Docker and KVM support The advanced virtualization and container support helps provide synchronized real time execution and more predictability Hierarchical prioritization scheme Better prioritization results in deterministic timing and ensures that important deadlines are met with a high level of control over how tasks and processes are prioritized Integrated application tracing and tuning tools through LTT Event response tuning, preemption, CPU isolation, noise reduction, and closed-loop application tracing Graphical user interface Provides tighter process control and easier identification of timing problems Precision Time Protocol Deterministic timing improves reliability and lowers “jitter”; repeated execution in the same time period improves predictability of tasks CPU Shielding technology Ensures mission-critical processes have the resources they need (CPU, memory, fabric) Smarter scheduling and kernel preemption Provides very consistent timing for critical operations (such as OS calls and interrupt handling) using scheduler classifications Optimizes response times to external events through kernel preemption Full application compatibility Applications certified to run on SUSE Linux Enterprise can run unmodified on SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time
- 14. 14 NASA JPL When light from a star enters the Earth's atmosphere, turbulence caused by different temperature layers and wind speeds can distort the image in various ways, making it difficult to see. Astronomers use adaptive optics (AO) to improve imaging performance. They accurately measure these distortions and compensate for them by making minute adjustments to their optical systems. Control more than 3000 mirror segments with a latency of less than 250 microseconds Challenge Solution Results “Hale Telescope‘s adaptive optics system uses SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time Extension to overcome the blurring effects of Earth‘s atmosphere and enable us to see our universe more clearly.“ © Copyright 2017 SUSE LLC. All rights reserved. The Palomar Observatory, located in north San Diego County, California, is a world-class center of astronomical research that is owned and operated by the California Institute of Technology using a 200-inch telescope with adaptive optics. Leveraging RT Synchronized Execution
- 15. 15 Leveraging RT Virtualization and Prioritization Problems of automotive embedded systems • Complicated system design • Large-scale and complicated software • Large number of ECUs • Complicated network architecture Potential solution • Move from component-based dev to platform-based • Host all of the embedded RTOS on a platform RTOS • Leverage virtualization and containers for managing multiple RT workloads Pre-crash safety system • When an obstacle is detected w/stereo camera and radar, system retracts the seatbelts, warns the driver, and applies the brake • Driver’s condition (e.g. face direction) is monitored
- 16. 16 NASA JPL Quality control and maintaining certifications requires detailed monitoring of production line systems. SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time ensures performance in time-critical environments. The Linux kernel allows system processes to be pre-empted so that key apps are never interrupted at the wrong time. Accurate measurements depend on executing each process at precisely the right time. Challenge Solution Results “The PSI-BT application is a good solution, so we wanted an operating system that would be able to support it. This meant a variant of UNIX or Linux—but there were not many products on the market that could deliver the real- time, low-latency solution we needed.“ © Copyright 2017 SUSE LLC. All rights reserved. ThyssenKrupp Electrical Steel’s high-tech materials are used in the production of energy- efficient transformers and large, high-performance generators. Leveraging RT Smarter Scheduling
- 17. 17 Leveraging RT Processing Problems of core IT banking infrastructure • Many banks process transactions in batch mode, where transactions don’t appear on digital statements for a few hours • Due to sensitive nature of financial processing, banks are slow to update their core IT systems once they prove reliable • Not set up for immediate payments – real time transfer and availability of funds 24x7 Potential solution • When customer deposits money into a checking or savings account, the transaction appears immediately on the user’s online statement and mobile apps • Use RTOS for real-time processing of banking transactions
- 18. 18 NASA JPL In many underground stations, the equipment for smoke extraction remains rare to find. To support effective firefighting measures and tactics, we need better decision making for firefighters to determine where air and smoke flows, more predictable. Real time simulations help predict the influence of fire to the flow conditions in the underground stations. Computational fluid dynamics involved in real time simulations help improve fire safety engineering by understanding how fire and smoke can permeate through underground stations. Challenge Solution Results “We see enormous potential in the field of real time Linux … SUSE is at the forefront of this technology, which holds significant benefits for high-performance computing environments“ The Jülich Supercomputing Centre specializes in real time simulations that address real world challenges. Leveraging RT Predictability
- 19. 19 Smarter Scheduling SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time offers more predictable process run time characteristics 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Processingtimeinmicroseconds SLES 12 SP1 w/o RT SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time 12 SP2
- 20. 20 What’s New, and Why It Matters © Copyright 2017 SUSE LLC. All rights reserved.
- 21. 21 SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time Strengthens Reliability • Ensures that important deadlines are met with a high level of control over how tasks and processes are prioritized • Improves reliability and lowers “jitter” by using Precision Time Protocol and repeated execution in the same time period • Ensures mission-critical processes have the resources they need (CPU, memory, fabric) through CPU Shielding technology © Copyright 2017 SUSE LLC. All rights reserved.
- 22. 22 SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time Reduces Latency • Provides tighter process control with a graphical user interface providing easy identification of timing problems • Synchronizes real time execution through advanced virtualization support for Docker and KVM • Provides advanced application tracing and tools for event response tuning, preemption, CPU isolation, noise reduction, and closed-loop applications through LTT (Linux Trace Toolkit) © Copyright 2017 SUSE LLC. All rights reserved.
- 23. 23 SUSE Linux Enterprise Real Time Increases Predictability • Provides very consistent timing for critical operations (such as OS calls and interrupt handling) using scheduler classifications • Improves predictability of task completion through a hierarchical priority scheme, resulting in deterministic timing • Optimizes response times to external events through kernel preemption and smarter scheduling © Copyright 2017 SUSE LLC. All rights reserved.
- 24. 24 Precise Timing is Key • Synchronized execution of latency-sensitive workloads • Guaranteed process response • Fast response to external events (6-11 µsec interrupt response time) • Immediate resource access for time-critical processes • Optimized inter-process communication (6 µsec signal delivery) • Hierarchical priority scheme • CPU shielding • Task prioritization • High I/O throughput via Infiniband integration • Predictable response times with minimal latency • Low jitter and deterministic timing • Deterministic and repeatable program execution (7 µsec context switch times) • TCP offload • Develop critical Real Time applications • LTTng for application tracing and tuning • High Quality of Service (QoS) even under heavy load How short is a microsecond? Average delay between keypresses (typing) – 300 000 μs One turn of a petrol car engine at full RPM – 10 000 μs Gaming monitor response time (GTG) – 2 000 μs Transmission of Ethernet frame @1 Gbps – 12 μs A photon traveling the distance from the ceiling to the floor – 0.01 μs A server class CPU adding two integers – 0.003 μs
- 25. 25 Learn more at www.suse.com/products/realtime Questions? © Copyright 2017 SUSE LLC. All rights reserved.
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