Evolvea Frameworkfor SelectingPrime Software DevelopmentProcess

International
OPEN ACCESS Journal
Of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER)
| IJMER | ISSN: 2249–6645 | www.ijmer.com | Vol. 5 | Iss.4| Apr. 2015 | 20|
Evolvea Frameworkfor SelectingPrime Software
DevelopmentProcess
Abhishek Choudhary1
, Deepak Kasgar2
, Lokesh Kashyap3
1
(Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Bhagwant University, India)
2
3
I. Introduction
The issue of selecting anacceptable software development process for the projects has been addressed
in multiple ways by many industry experts but there is no appropriate framework developed till yet. This paper
extends prior work by considering the expert system with the Likert scale for selectingleading software
development process.
The aim of producing a rule based skillful system is to come up with the result that
would assist to establish which software development process isdistinctly suitable for a particular project. In
other words exploring one clear answer was not the aim, but rather getting guidance in choosing from a known
set of processes. The model selected should match the characteristics of a given project should correspond to the
criteria put out in the selection of process, the criteria should be stored in knowledge base of the system, then
obtaining information about the suitable methodology. The user of such a program would have to
discoverthe characteristics of their project by answering a set of questions asked by the system.
1.1 Software Development Processes
A software development process describes a scenario that is used to organize, plan, develop, and
maintain a software system. There are many software development processes and these processes contain some
basic stages of software development life cycle. These stages are planning, analysis, design, implementation and
maintenance. In this paper we compare three software development methodologies. These are waterfall, spiral
and prototype methodology.
Waterfall Development Methodology
The waterfall model process is the linear approach in which development is seen as flowing
continuously descending with the phases namely requirement analysis, design, implementation, testing,
integration and maintenance. Each phase of waterfall model has well defined begin and conclusion criteria.
Waterfall development process is most exact when-
 Requirements are well documented,clear and fixed from the starting phase.
 Finale product is stable.
 Technology is static and recognized.
 The project is small and short.
 Not good process for complex and object oriented model project.
 Strain in adapting modifications after project development.
Spiral Development Process – Boehm defines spiral model as process generator model.
Spiral methodology is most appropriate when-
 Risk assessments are important.
 Consumers are not sure about their requirements.
ABSTRACT-Today in era of software industry there is no perfect software framework available for
analysis and software development. Currently there are enormous number of software development
process exists which can be implemented to stabilize the process of developing a software system. But no
perfect system is recognized till yet which can help software developers for opting of best software
development process. This paper present the framework of skillful system combined with Likert scale. With
the help of Likert scale we define a rule based model and delegate some mass score to every process and
develop one tool name as MuxSet which will help the software developers to select an appropriate
development process that may enhance the probability of system success.
Keywords: Likert Scale,Software Development Process, Skillful System

Evolve a Frame work for Selecting Prime Software Development Process
 Requirements are complicated and needs comprehensibility.
 It can act well with the changing user requirements.
 This process is mainly used for large projects.
 Forecast is high.
 Small documentation is needed as compared to waterfall development process.
Prototype Development Methodology
In Prototype development process initially the working prototype is developed instead of developing th
e actual software. In thisprocess to understand clear requirement a prototype is built before design and coding.
Prototype process is most exact when-
 Prototyping is an irresistible idea for complex and large systems for which there is no manual process or
existing system to help control the requirements.
 This software methodology is used when it is hard to gather all the requirements of customer.
1.2 Expert system
Expert system can be used in various research fields [8]. In this paper we extend the foregoing work by
considering the expert system in the field of software development model. The expert system is computer
program that emulate the decision making ability of the human experts. There are threeelements of expert
system i.e. knowledge base, user interface and inference engine. The knowledge base contains all the knowledge
and directive about a particular problem and provides it to the inference engine when they require.The inference
engine is theprogram that inspects the issue and obtain conclusion byimplementing logical processing.The user
interface works as an interface between a system user and the expert systems.
II. Literature Study
Data study exhibit that investigation has been taken on multiplefacets of software development process
but there is no exact framework and tool being developed for the selection of best software development
methodologies among multiple. In 2005 M. AYMAN AL AHMAR [1] present a model of expert system
supported with object oriented modeling that assists in software development process selection process. Abdur
Rashid khan, Zia Ur Rehman and HafeezUllahAmin [2] concentrated on some approaches like fuzzy logics,
certainty factors and analytical hierarchy factors to evolve expert system and they developed expert system
named as ESPMS (expert system process model selection). This system was developed using expert system for
text animation as a development tool. More work has been done in the area of software development process but
nearly ofthese works are the comparative study between these methodologies [3][10].In 2010 Nabil Mohammed
Ali Munauar and A Govardhan[4]made a contrast between five different processes and show the features and
defects of each methodology. When the software developer selects a development model, risk is
amandatoryconsideration which affects the selection process of software development process. HaneenHijazi
and ThairKhdour[5]explore the risk that exist in the development processes and define risk management. In this
paper we use rule based expert system as animportant component to discriminate between processes.Relevant
study reveals that expert system can be implemented in multiple fields and knowledge base is a component of
expert system which stores knowledge about a particular problem. M. Darbari, N. Dhanda [7] presents the
model driven knowledge representation framework. Sunita Bansal and M. Darbari [6, 14] define a knowledge
base expert system for managingbusiness dynamics. In 2012SudhakarTripathi, Arvind kumar Tiwari and
R.B.Mishra[11] create a rule base model for clustering gene expression data. In 2009 M.S.Josephine, Dr.
K.Sankara Subramanian [13] used an expert system for software error detection and correction. In this paper a
rule based expert system is created to combine with Likert scale measurement that guides in the selection
process of the software development [9] process.
III. Proposed Framework
The proposed framework is shown below:
Figure1.Proposed Framework

IV. Likert Scale
Likert scale is a kindof rating scales which is used to calculate the performance directly. Likert Scale is
a five (or seven) point rating scale which permits the user to convey their thoughts means how much they agree
or disagree with a problemdeclaration. User gives their acknowledgementby choosinga Likert items. A Likert
item is a word or statement which the user is asked to evaluate according to the given criteria. Likert items are
used to measure the levelof agreement or disagreement. We use 5 Likert items i.e. poor, fair, average, goodand
excellent.
Features Poor Fair Average Good excellent
Req. specification 1 2 3 4 5
Complexity of system 1 2 3 4 5
Time schedule 1 2 3 4 5
Cost 1 2 3 4 5
Documentation 1 2 3 4 5
Project size 1 2 3 4 5
Change incorporated 1 2 3 4 5
Table1: Likert scale measurement scale
4.1 Selection Parameters for Selecting Best Development Methodology
No one process is ideal so we develop a framework for picking a process which depends on
multiplecomponents and project characteristic and selection boundary. These selection boundaries [11] are:
requirement specification, complexity of system, time, implementation cost, core documentation, module size
and change incorporated.
4.2 Comparison among Waterfall, Spiral and Prototype Model
Features Waterfall Spiral Prototype
Req.
specification
Beginning Frequently changed Beginning
Complexity of
system
Simple Moderate Complex
Time Less Long Long
Cost Low or almost
as estimated
High or above budget Expensive
Core
Documentation
Necessary Yes but not much Yes
Module size Large scale Low to medium scale Large scale and complex
Change
incorporate
Difficult Easy Easy

V. Rule Based Model For Selecting Software Development Methodology
Rule based model have been generated with the help of Likert scale measurement.
Rule1:
IF Requirement specification <= 1 and
Complexity of system <= 3and
Time <= 4and
Cost <= 2 and
Documentation <= 5 and
Project size <= 4 and
Change incorporated <= 2 and
THEN Waterfall Model (Score <= 21)
Rule2:
IF Requirement specification <= 3and
Complexity of system <= 4 and
Time schedule <= 4 and
Cost <= 4 and
Change incorporated <= 3 and
THEN Spiral Model (Score <= 24)
Rule3:
IF Requirement specification <= 4and
Complexity of system <= 5 and
Time schedule <= 5 and
Cost <= 5 and
Change incorporated <= 5and
THEN Prototype Model (Score <= 33)
5.1 Decision Making Tool
The resolution for adopting particular software development process depends on the selection
parameters and final score assigning to the methodologies. The prioritization and strategy for selecting the
development methodology might be refined; the important consideration is that the decision is made explicitly
as shown below:
Limitation priority
C1: If documentation is mandatory and requirements are stable or unchanging, then it should automatically opt
the waterfallprocess.
C2: If risk in project is high then it should automatically select the spiralprocess.
C3: If requirement are unspecified then it should automatically select the prototype methodology.
Constraints Priority
C1: If documentation is necessary
and requirements are stable or
unchanging then it should
automatically select the waterfall
methodology.
5
C2: If project risk is high then it
should automatically select the
spiral methodology.
7
C3: If the requirement are
undefined then it should
automatically select the prototype
methodology
8
Table3: Constraints and priorities for SDM

5.2 Methodology Selection Tool: Muxset
In order to encourage the process selection rule we have implemented a tool provide automated support
for decision of development process selection. We have implemented a tool called “MuxSet” selector shown in
figure. A tool consists of 5 basic selections with check boxes and conditions.
Figure2. Model Selection Tool
The first block represents the software development process. The next block represents selection
criteria, final score, dynamic priority allocation and results. Expect the result block all the blocks have check
boxes and the priorities can be assigned between 0 and 10. After making the entire selections “Decide” button is
pressed and the result is displayed in the result text box giving the model selected. “View Heuristic Report”
button gives the entire report with situational analysis.
VI. Conclusion And Future Work
This study proposed a rule base expert system combined with Likert scale measurement that will
become a base for the software engineers in the selection of best software development methodology for the
project. In this paper, we provide a tool that will help in the opting process of development process. The future
work will include more software development process and many selection parameters.
REFERENCES
[1]. M.Ayman Al Ahmar, “Rule based expert system for selecting software development methodology”, Journal of theoretical
and Applied Science, 2005-2010.
[2]. Abdur Rashid khan, Zia Ur Rehman and HafeezUllahAmin, “Knowledge based system’s modeling for software process
model selection”, IJACSA, Vol.2, No.2, Feb2011.
[3]. Vishwas Massey, K.J.Satao “Comparing Various SDLC Models And The New Proposed Model On The Basis Of Available
Methodology”, IJARCSSE, Vol.2, Issue4, April2012.
[4]. Nabil Mohammed Ali Munassar and A. Govardhan, “A Comparison Between Five Models Of Software Engineering”,
IJCSI, Vol.7, Issue5, September2010.
[5]. HaneenHijazi, TthairKhdour and abdulsalamalarabeyyat, “A Review of Risk Management in Different
Software Development Methodologies”InternationalJournal of Computer applications, Vol.45-No.7, May2012.
[6]. Dr. Sunita Bansal and M Darbari, “Designing and Knowledge Based Expert System for Handling Business Dynamics”,
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume2 , Issue 11 , March -2011.
[7]. M Darbari, N Dhanda, “Applying Constraints in Model Driven Knowledge Representation Framework” International
Journal of Hybrid Information Technology 3 (3),4, 2010.
[8]. Folorunso, I. O,Abikoye, O. C.,Jimoh, R. G. and Raji, K.S, “A Rule-Based Expert System for Mineral Identification”,
Journal of Emerging Trends in Computing and Information Sciences, Vol.3, No.2, February 2012.
[9]. M Darbari, S Medhavi, AK Srivastava Development of effective Urban Road Traffic Management using workflow
techniques for upcoming metro cities like Lucknow (India), (2)4, 2008.
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Life Cycle, IJARCSSE, Vol.2, Issue5, May 2012.
[11]. IA Siddiqui, M Darbari, “Application of Use Case for Identification of Root Cause of the Dependencies and Mutual
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[12]. SudhakarTripathi, Arvind kumar Tiwari and R.B.Mishra, Rule based mosel for clustering gene expression data,
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[13]. M.S.Josephine, Dr. K.Sankara Subramanian, Software Error Detection And Correction Using Layer Base Approach In
Expert System, InternationalJournal Of Reviews In Computing, Vol 4, 2012.
[14]. Dr. SunitaBansal, M Darbari, “Application of Multi Objective Optimization in Prioritizing and Machine Scheduling: a
Mobile Scheduler Toolkit”, International Journal of Advance Information Systems,Vol3, No. 2, 2012.

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