Computer Architecture - Software - Lesson 13 - Printers, Mac OS and Linux - Eric Vanderburg
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This document discusses printing and file systems in Mac OS and Linux operating systems. It provides details on: 1) The Windows printing process which involves applications contacting the GDI to render documents and send jobs to local and remote printers. 2) The Mac OS startup process which performs self tests, loads the system folder and drivers to display the desktop. 3) The Mac file system which uses HFS/HFS+ to store files in a catalog tree and extent tree with volume information and block mapping. 4) Linux uses a root-based hierarchical structure instead of drives with common commands, shells, editors and desktop environments like GNOME and KDE. Important folders and commands are also outlined.
Computer Architecture - Software - Lesson 13 - Printers, Mac OS and Linux - Eric Vanderburg
- 1. Computer Architecture: OS Technologies Chapter 13 Printers, Mac OS & Linux Eric Vanderburg Eric Vanderburg – OS Technologies © 2005
- 2. Review (Printers) • Sharing a printer – How to – Permissions – DOS LPT & PRN commands • Connecting to a shared printer – Network Neighborhood – AD Eric Vanderburg – OS Technologies © 2005
- 3. Windows Printing Process 1. User prints from app 2. App contacts GDI (Graphical Device Eric Vanderburg – OS Technologies © 2005 Interface) 3. GDI contacts print driver for printer info, renders (combines printer info & document) 4. GDI sends rendered job to the print spooler 5. Client side spooler contacts server side spooler 6. Server side spooler contacts print router
- 4. Printing Process (continued) 7. Print router determines if the printer is local or remote. a. Local: job forwarded to local print provider b. Remote: finds remote print provider for that print server & that print provider sends the data to the print server local print provider 7. Local print provider finds a print processor that can process the print job 8. Print processor contacts GDI for further rendering (if required) 9. Print processor sends job to separator Eric Vanderburg – OS Technologies © 2005 processor 10.Job is sent to the port monitor which is connected to the printer.
- 5. Mac OS Startup • ROM self test • Settings are pulled from PRAM (Parameter RAM) • Bootable disk is located • Active system folder is found • Mac OS ROM file is loaded • Mac icon displays as system files, libraries, and kernel is loaded • Drivers (enablers) are loaded for devices • Disk first aid runs if bad shut down • Control panels are loaded • Desktop displayed • Finder and startup apps loaded Eric Vanderburg – OS Technologies © 2005
- 6. Mac Components • Dock • Finder • Spotlight • Widgets • Expose • Apple menu • Apps share a menu bar • Notification area in upper right • No registry Eric Vanderburg – OS Technologies © 2005
- 7. File System • HFS (Hierarchical File System) • HFS+ - Mac Extended Format • Blocks instead of clusters • Can mount FAT16 & FAT32 drives • Can read NTFS & Linux partitions with apps • Components – boot blocks – location of system folder (like boot record) – Volume info block – size block size, name, ect – Volume bit map (which blocks are used) – Catalog tree – database of files & permissions – Extents tree – links for additional blocks called extents Eric Vanderburg – OS Technologies © 2005
- 8. Other info • System is defragged when new software is installed • Disk First Aid is like checkdisk • Drive Setup can format • Linux apps can run on Mac OS Eric Vanderburg – OS Technologies © 2005
- 9. Linux • Root is starting point, not drives • More logical in nature instead of physical • Shells – command line interfaces – different support for commands, scripting languages – Echo $shell – shows current shell • Text editors Eric Vanderburg – OS Technologies © 2005 – Vi – Emacs • GUIs – Gnome – KDE
- 10. Folders • /bin – programs and commands • /boot – boot loaders and boot files • /dev – device config files • /etc – config data for users, system settings, and services • /home – user data • /lib – libraries – code modules • /lost+found – orphaned files • /mnt – mounted volumes • /opt – other program files • /root – home directory for root • /sbin – admin commands • /tmp – temp files • /usr – linux file system (read only) • /var – email, news, print spools, admin files Eric Vanderburg – OS Technologies © 2005
- 11. Commands • See pg 578-580 Eric Vanderburg – OS Technologies © 2005