Capstone Project - 1

Chapter 5 Silver Linings - The Good From The Worst Group D Presentation Capstone Course 10/31/2007

The RMS Titanic photo courtesy of www.wallpaperbase.com

The RMS Titanic Heroes Margaret Brown “ The Unsinkable Molly Brown” Source – memory.loc.gov/service/pnp/cph/3c20000/3c21000/3c21000/3c21013v.jpg Sir Arthur Rostron Captain of the Carpathia

The RMS Titanic Heroes Jack Phillips Senior Wireless Officer Source – http://www.geocities.com/Hollywood/Theater/7937/jphillips.html Harold Bride Junior Wireless Officer

The RMS Titanic Inequities / Structured Destruction 62% of 1st class passengers survived 41% of 2nd class passengers survived 25% of Steerage class passengers survived 32% of titanic's crew survived “ Poor People often suffer disproportionately in disasters. This should be obvious because poor people get the worst of everything we value most” Lee Clark – Worst Cases

The RMS Titanic Silver Lining The Titanic tragedy allowed the Carpathia and the Cunard Line of ships to dominate the Atlantic

The RMS Titanic Instrumental and Social Betterment International Ice Patrol Lifeboat Standards Use of S.O.S Speed of travel Ship design changes

The RMS Titanic Imagination Stretch The use of airplanes, blimps and one day radar, sonar and GPS to detect and track iceburgs.

9/11 – Cantor Fitzgerald photo courtesy of © Sterling Davenport - LawrenceburgOnline.com photo courtesy of www.cs.purdue.edu/homes/cmh/simulation/phase3/ photo courtesy of www.mishalov.com/11_Sept_01.html

9/11 - North Tower (Where the plane hit: Just below Cantor Fitzgerald)

9/11 – Cantor Fitzgerald Heroes Firefighters Police Emergency Medical Technicians Search and Rescue Teams Others throughout the building Many other groups and organizations

9/11 – Cantor Fitzgerald Inequities / Structured Destruction The employees (a majority of which were bond traders) were considered to be… “ differentially exposed to risk and death.” What is considered the inequity of the moment is that this particular disaster mainly affected normal hardworking people and those of a higher social prestige because of there status and role in society. These people just happened to be in the wrong place at the right time.

9/11 – Cantor Fitzgerald Silver Lining One silver lining for Cantor Fitzgerald is that not all employees died in the attacks and that the attacks were directed at all Americans and not just the people working at Cantor Fitzgerald. Another silver lining for Cantor Fitzgerald is that although this disaster destroyed 2/3 of their working force, they were still able to work and continue to grow as time went on and did not terminate completely.

9/11 – Cantor Fitzgerald Instrumental Betterment Cantor Fitzgerald did not benefit directly from the disaster. The author argues that the families of those who were lost that day benefited from financial restitutions from the company, but the company itself did not experience instrumental betterment.

9/11 – Cantor Fitzgerald Social Betterment Greater safety New ideas for air safety Air Marshalls Heightened sense of community Creativity and knowledge for the construction of skyscrapers Greater Security Ex. The USA Patriot Act

9/11 – Cantor Fitzgerald Imagination Stretch The design of buildings (Ex. Safer skyscrapers) Deciding (scientifically) that the attack on the towers could have been worse through much analysis and research Increased intelligence in forensic engineering of a disaster Providing air marshal's for safer flights Expanding our knowledge in homeland security http://www.dba-oracle.com/images/tsa_profiling.jpg

The story of Flight 93 is a national treasure — “ a story of hope in human courage and cooperation. When confronted with the gravity of their situation, the passengers and crew of Flight 93 chose to act heroically and sacrifice their lives for their country. These 40 heroes made a democratic decision to fight back against terrorism and thereby thwarted a planned attack on our nation’s capital, saving countless numbers of lives.” National Park Foundation, "Flight 93 National Memorial." Flight 93 National Memorial Campaign . 2006. 20 Oct 2007 <http://www.honorflight93.org/>.

“ We are sure that the nation owes a debt to the passengers of United Flight 93. Their actions saved the lives of countless others, and may have saved either the U.S. Capitol or the White House from destruction.” The 9/11 Commission Report . Washington D.C.: Government Printing Office, 2004.

“ A common field one day. A field of honor forever.” The quote above is from Captain Stephen Ruda, Los Angeles City Fire Department, used to describe the Flight 93 crash site. Ruda wrote the words on a quilted wall hanging sent to the memorial as a tribute to the passengers and crew of Flight 93. Handley, Joanne. "FLIGHT 93 NATIONAL MEMORIAL Final General Management Plan/Environmental Impact Statement." FLNIGMPcomplete2.pdf . June 2007. National Park Service. 20 Oct 2007 <http://www.nps.gov/flni/parkmgmt/upload/FLNIGMPcomplete2.pdf>.

Crew and passengers of United Flight 93 Jason M. Dahl 43 Colorado LeRoy Homer 36 New Jersey Lorraine G. Bay 58 New Jersey Sandra Bradshaw 38 North Carolina Wanda Anita Green 49 California & New Jersey CeeCee Lyles 33 Florida Deborah Welsh 49 New York Christian Adams 37 Biebelsheim, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany Todd Beamer 32 New Jersey Alan Anthony Beaven 48 California Mark Bingham 31 California Deora Frances Bodley 20 California Marion R. Britton 53 New York Thomas E. Burnett Jr. 38 Minnesota William Joseph Cashman 60 New Jersey Georgine Rose Corrigan 55 Hawaii Patricia Cushing 69 New Jersey Joseph DeLuca 52 New Jersey Patrick Joseph Driscoll 70 New Jersey Edward P. Felt 41 New Jersey Jane Folger 73 New Jersey Colleen Fraser 51 New Jersey Andrew Garcia 62 California Jeremy Glick 31 New Jersey Lauren Catuzzi-Grandcolas 38 California Donald Freeman Greene 52 Connecticut Linda Gronlund 46 New York Kristin White Gould 65 New York Richard Guadagno 38 California & New Jersey Toshiya Kuge 20 Osaka, Japan Hilda Marcin 79 New Jersey Waleska Martinez 37 New Jersey Nicole Carol Miller 21 California Louis "Joey" Nacke II 42 Pennsylvania Donald Peterson 66 New Jersey Jean Hoadley Peterson 55 New Jersey Mark Rothenberg 52 New Jersey Christine Snyder 32 Hawaii John Talignani 74 New York Honor Elizabeth Wainio 27 Maryland

“ The Tower of Voices will feature 40 wind chimes presenting a living memory in sound of the 40 passengers and crew members.” “ Visitors approach the entry to the Bowl on a walkway aligned with the flight path.” National Park Foundation, "Flight 93 National Memorial." Flight 93 National Memorial Campaign . 2006. 20 Oct 2007 <http://www.honorflight93.org/news/downloadable-images.cfm/>.

“ A walkway lined with Red Maple trees leads visitors along 40 memorial groves, around the field of honor (Bowl) to the crash site.” “ The ceremonial gate for family members occurs along the flight path. The wall to the right side holds a folded band of white marble engraved with the names of the 40 passengers and crewmembers.” National Park Foundation, "Flight 93 National Memorial." Flight 93 National Memorial Campaign . 2006. 20 Oct 2007 <http://www.honorflight93.org/news/downloadable-images.cfm/>.

United Flight 93 Memorial Memorial Feature: $27,000,000 Visitor Information Center: $6,000,000 Infrastructure: $11,700,000 Capital Campaign Costs: $3,250,000 Land Acquisition: $10,000,000 Total Estimated Project Costs: $57,950,000 National Park Foundation, "Flight 93 National Memorial." Flight 93 National Memorial Campaign . 2006. 20 Oct 2007 <http://www.honorflight93.org/>.

Social Betterment Heightened sense of community Better airline security (cockpit doors) Free college educations for the children of the victims New national memorial with park land Lessons learned by the emergency response agencies in the area.

“ Somerset Crash Site - DEP's Betsy Mallison (in blue) was one of the first state agency representatives at the site on Tuesday because she was traveling the Turnpike on her way to Harrisburg for a meeting. She is helping to coordinate public information and media at the site.” “ Somerset Crash Site - The first thing you notice pulling onto the road leading to the crash site for Flight 93 is the State Police providing security and satellite trucks for media from around the world.” Media Spotlight for Pennsylvania's EPA "Response to Emergency." Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection . 20 Oct 2007 <http://www.dep.state.pa.us/dep/emergency/pictures/091201a.htm>.

“ Somerset Crash Site - over 300 next to the crash site where the FBI, State Police, National Guard, DEP, county and state emergency management agency staff, and many other agencies have set up what is literally the biggest small town in this part of Somerset County, all in less than 24-hours.” “ Somerset Crash Site - Courtesy of PennDOT, the road leading to the emergency operation center and the bluff overlooking the crash site were paved on Saturday, Sept. 15. Paving helps control dust and facilitates families of the crash victims visiting the site.” "Response to Emergency." Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection . 20 Oct 2007 <http://www.dep.state.pa.us/dep/emergency/pictures/091201a.htm>.

Instrumental Betterment from September 11th According to Lee Clark: Bridal shops in NY had increased revenue Homeland security threats and the patriot act helped out intelligence agencies. The tax cuts helped out the largest corporations and high income earners.

Private Land sold to memorial campaign PBS Coal Co.: 864 acres Svonavec Inc.: 273 acres Timothy Lambert: 163 acres The Kordells: (co-owner of Rollock Inc.) 143 acres The O'Bartos: 57 acres Alvin and Karen Lambert: 42 Edwin Seymour: 12 Oscar and Eva Eschrich: 4 Paul E. Vish: 3 acres with a house and garage The Hoovers: 2 acres with house and cabin Peirce, Paul. "Red tape slows Flight 93 memorial in Somerset County." Pittsburgh Tribune-Review . 01 July 2007. 20 Oct 2007 <http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/pittsburghtrib/s_515286.html>.

Does Lisa Beamer qualify as benefiting instrumentally? “ Let’s roll” TM Trademark # 76380435 Todd M. Beamer Memorial Foundation, Inc., New Jersey P.O. Box 32 Cranbury New Jersey 08512

1988 Yellowstone Fires Worst fire season in Yellowstone history Burned 793,000 acres (36% of the park) Total park acreage = 2,221,800 acres Photo by Jim Peaco Photo by Jeff Henry

1988 Yellowstone Fires Park’s natural fire policy allowed only naturally started fires to burn; all others were suppressed. Between 1972 (when the policy was enacted) and 1987, 235 fires burned a total of 33,759 acres. Of these 235 fires, only 15 were larger than 100 acres, and all were extinguished naturally.

1988 Yellowstone Fires After much media focus, public and political pressure forced park officials to try to extinguish all the fires burning in the park 25,000 firefighters were called in during the season to fight the fires (as many as 9,000 at one time) Fires were eventually put out by winter snows; firefighters were unable to do so Total Cost = $120 Million

1988 Yellowstone Fires What did we learn? Fire is a natural part of a healthy forest Allowing wildfires to burn whenever possible limits fuel buildup (a factor that influenced the severity of the 1988 fire season) Yellowstone’s natural burn policy still exists but has stricter guidelines and is used in combination with other strategies such as controlled burning

Great Seattle Fire (1889) Started downtown in a woodworking shop on June 6, 1889 25 city blocks (120 acres) were burned, including most of the downtown area. Total losses estimated at up to $20 million Photo Credit: Boyd and Braas

Great Seattle Fire (1889) Most structures in the area were made of wood Fire hydrants were only located on every other street Pipes for hydrants were too small, and in some cases made of hollowed-out logs Water was supplied by a private company, and pressure was inadequate for fighting the fires Photo by John P. Soule

Great Seattle Fire (1889) Silver Lining No human fatalities were reported An estimated 1 million rats were killed by the blaze The fire prompted many changes for the better…

Great Seattle Fire (1889) Social Betterment Wood buildings were banned in the downtown area; Brick and mortar are used instead Fire department, which was volunteer, became a full-time paid department City took control of water supply, adding more hydrants and improving infrastructure city wide Photo Credit: University of Washington Library

Hurricane Katrina Silver Linings

Summary of Events: Formed on August, 23,2005 Reaches a category 5 storm with 175 mph winds Deadliest and costliest storm in U.S. history 1,836 fatalities $81.2 billion in damages 3 million without power Failure of levees results in flooding of 80% of city and neighboring parishes causing catastrophic damages Federal disaster declarations covered 92,0000 square miles Affected areas: Bahamas, Cuba, South Florida, Florida Panhandle, Louisiana, Alabama, Mississippi

Were There Any Heroes? Of the 60,000 people stranded in New Orleans, the Coast Guard rescued more than 33,500. Congress recognized this response with an entry in the Congressional record. The Armed Service was awarded the Presidential Citation. 58,000 National Guard personnel from all 50 states were activated to deal with the storm’s aftermath. Law enforcement and public safety agencies from across the U.S., provided a “mutual aid” response. Internationally, over 70 countries pledged monetary donations, supplies, and/or assistance. Non-profits, volunteers and corporations also contributed to the relief efforts.

Was there Structured Destruction and Inequities of the Moment? 50% of New Orleans sits below sea level. The poorer residents inhabit the lower elevations; The richer inhabit higher ground. Due to a century of poor planning and industrial abuse, more than 1 million acres of coastal wetlands drained, stripping away natural protection Substandard levee system Aged and under funded water and sewage systems resulting in complete loss of drinking water “ Low income people suffer disproportionately in not only the disaster itself, but in the aftermath, causing human disaster as well.”

Instrumental and Social Betterment: The Greater New Orleans Health Planning Group convened in November 2005 and developed the framework identifying priority areas across the entire spectrum of public health; in which, fundamental changes in the design of the healthcare system needed to be made. The destruction wrought by Katrina raised general public policy issues about emergency management, the immediate response, environmental policy, poverty and unemployment. A Congressional investigation was prompted determining that FEMA and The Red Cross “did not have a logistics capacity sophisticated enough to fully support the massive number of victims.” Hence, responsibility was placed on all three levels of government .

Imagination Stretch: Condemnations of mismanagement and lack of leadership in all phases of the disaster cycle. Images of visibly shaken and frustrated political leaders and residents without food, water or shelter flooded the media like never before. Accusations based on race, class, ethnicity and a Lack of preparedness, planning and coordination as well as many other issues were raised. Advancements in structural design and mitigation efforts.

Air France - Concorde Crash Air France Flt 4950 July 2000 “ Worst” Concorde disaster ever 109 died on the aircraft 4 killed on the ground

The Concorde Prior to this incident the Concorde had been the safest working passenger airliner in the world http://www.aviation-news.co.uk/media/novConcordeD10.jpg

Inequities/Structured Destruction “ Rich people were at disproportionate risk.” Ticket on the Concorde = $11,000

The accident led to modifications to the Concorde, including more secure electrical controls, Kevlar lined fuel tanks, and specially developed, burst-resistant tires. The new-style tires would be another contribution to future aircraft development. The Concorde Silver Lining

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