Cd audio, cd rom
- 1. CD Audio, CD ROM And EXTENDED ARCHITECTURE Prakash Tyata 690331 01
- 2. • Compact Disc Digital Audio (CD-DA) is the standard format for audio compact discs • The standard is defined in the Red Book • The Red Book specifies the physical parameters and properties of the CD 02CD DIGITAL AUDIO
- 3. All audio CD's have three defined areas • The Lead-In Area • The Program Area • The Lead-Out Area 03CD DIGITAL AUDIO
- 4. The Lead-In Area • contains the Table Of Content • occupies first area on a CD • the innermost 0.4 millimeter's of the disc • list of all the Track ID positions (start times) of all the audio tracks on the disc 04CD DIGITAL AUDIO
- 5. The Program Area • contains all the actual audio • Maximum playing time is 79:57 minutes , this was originally 74 minutes • Maximum number of tracks is 99 • Maximum number of index points is 98 05CD DIGITAL AUDIO
- 6. The Lead-Out Area • simply marks the end of the Program Area 06CD DIGITAL AUDIO
- 8. Characteristics • Audio rate is 172.3 KBps • Storage capacity of CD-DA is 747 MB 08CD DIGITAL AUDIO
- 9. Eight-to-Fourteen Modulation • modifies binary code data and allows 17 bits of data space to be used to encode 8 bits of data • 8-bit block of data is replaced by a 14- bit code word using a lookup table • requires more space for data 9CD DIGITAL AUDIO
- 10. Eight-to-Fourteen Modulation(cont) • assures that imperfections and foreign material do not cause critical data to be missed • involves two extra zeros placed between two consecutive ones • Ten consecutive zeros are the maximum allowed between consecutive zeros 10CD DIGITAL AUDIO
- 11. Errors in CD-DA • Scratches • Dust • Fingerprints • Burst errors: When more than a single bit of data unit gets corrupted it is known as Burst error 11CD DIGITAL AUDIO
- 12. Errors Handling • Two-level Reed-Solomon Code with frame interleaving • First level: byte level, Error Detection Code and Error Correction Code • Second level: Frame interleaving • Cross-Interleaved Reed-Solomon Coding 12CD DIGITAL AUDIO
- 13. • Stands for "Compact Disc Read-Only Memory • cannot be altered or erased the data but can read many times 13CD ROM
- 14. • Yellow Book CD-ROM Standard divided CD- ROM into two part • CD-ROM Mode 1 • CD-ROM Mode 2 14CD ROM
- 15. CD-ROM MODE 1 • usually used for computer data • Each block consist of sync, header, user data, Error Detection Code, blank, and Error Correction code • its capacity is 660MB • Data transfer rate is 150 KBps • 304 bytes reserved for error-detection and correction. 15CD ROM
- 16. CD-ROM MODE 2 • usually used for compress audio, video or picture • Each block consist of sync, header, user data • its capacity is 742 MB • Data transfer rate is 175 KBps 16CD ROM
- 17. • Based on CD-ROM mode 2 • compressed audio and video can be retrieved concurrently • Two types of CD-ROM/XA • CD-ROM/XA (Mode 2) Form 1 • CD-ROM/XA (Mode 2) Form 2 17CD-ROM/XA
- 18. CD-ROM/XA mode 2 Form 1 • Improved error handling for text and program data • Each block consist of sync, header, sub- header, user data, Error Detection Code and Error Correction Code 18CD-ROM/XA
- 19. CD-ROM/XA mode 2 Form 2 • usually used for compress audio, video or picture • Each block consist of sync, header, sub- header, user data and Error Detection Code 19CD-ROM/XA