Ch 16 pranavpandey
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The document discusses natural resource management and conservation. It describes natural resources like water, soil, forests, wildlife, coal and petroleum. It emphasizes the need for proper management of these limited resources due to increasing population, industrialization and urbanization. Some key aspects of natural resource management mentioned are judicious use, long-term planning, equal distribution and safe disposal of waste. Conservation efforts like setting up sanctuaries and banning poaching are also summarized.
Ch 16 pranavpandey
- 1. Chapter 16 Management of Natural Resources
- 3. A resource is anything which can be used for the benefit of mankind. Pencil, eraser, toothbrush, notebook, bus, chair, blackboard, trees, sun, computer, train, aeroplane, water,…… The list of resources goes on and on. In fact we ourselves are resources.
- 4. Nature + resources = Natural Resources Natural resources include total natural environment, that is the entire surface of the earth .
- 5. MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES
- 6. The Environment is everything which surrounds an organism and influences its life in many ways. It includes physical and biological components. The physical components of the environment are soil, water, air, light and temperature. These are termed as biotic components. The plants and animals are collectively referred to as biotic components. All these components of the environment work together, interact and modify the effect of one another. The basic needs of life are fulfilled by materials present in the nature. They are air, water, soil, minerals, coal, petroleum, animals and plants. These are referred to as natural resources. Everyday, people manufacture various natural resources to satisfy their needs. Destruction of forests to cultivate agricultural crops reduced the forest area hence, upsetting the ecological balance. Growing population, agriculture, industrialization and urbanization have put great pressure on mankind to overuse the natural resources.
- 10. All the things we use and consume are obtained from natural resources. Due to increase in population, industrialization and urbanization the demand for natural resources is increasing and their availability is limited . So there is a need for proper management of natural resources. The proper management of natural resources consists of :- I) Judicious use of natural resources and avoiding wastage of natural resources. ii) Long term planning for the use of natural resources so that it last not only for the present but also for future generations. iii) The exploitation of natural resources should not be for the benefit of a few people but should be distributed equally for all. iv) While extracting and using natural resources we should also plan for the safe disposal of wastes so that no damage is caused to the environment.
- 11. MELTING OF POLAR ICE RISE IN SEA LEVELS
- 13. • Forests are natural habitats of plants and animals. • Forests help to preserve biodiversity • Forests provide wood, fuel, medicines, fodder, etc. • Forests help to maintain the stability of oxygen and carbon dioxide. • Forests help to prevent soil erosion and control floods.
- 14. 4 Nature and wild life organizations who want to conserve and preserve forests. 3 The Forest Departmen t of the Governme nt which owns the forests and controls the resources from the forests. 2 Industrialis ts who use the raw materials from forests for manufactur ing certain goods. 1 People living in or around forests who depend on forests for their livelihood.
- 16. Wildlife helps to preserve biodiversity. Wild life helps to maintain food chains and food web. We get useful products from wild life. We get food, bones, honey, leather etc.
- 17. Preserving the natural habitats of animals. Protecting endangered species of animals. Setting up of wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, biosphere reserves etc. Banning poaching of animals.
- 19. COAL AND PETROLEUM COAL AND PETROLEUM ARE NATURAL RESOURCES. THEY ARE ALSO CALLED FOSSIL FUELS. THESE ARE FORMED DUE TO DEGRADATION OF PLANTS AND ANIMALS BUIRED UNDER THE EARTH MILLINS OF YEARS AGO.
- 20. FOSSIL FUELS WHEN THESE FOSSIL FUELS ARE BURNT THE PRODUCTS OF COMBUSTION ARE CO2 , H2O , SO2 , NO2 . IF COMBUSTION TAKES PLACE IN AN INSUFFICIENT SUPPLY OF AIR THEN CARBON MONOXIDE IS PRODUCED.
- 21. THE ENVIROMENT IS BEING POLLUTED BY THE FOLLOWING- • 1. SULPHER DIOXIDES CAUSE BRONCHITIS. • 2.NITROGEN OXIDES CAUSE ACID RAIN. • 3.CARBON MONOXIDE CAUSES SUFFOCATION AND IT IS A GREEN HOUSE GAS.
- 22. Coal Power Plant Operation
- 23. Coal Power Cheap Cheaper per unit energy than oil or natural gas Will continue to be an important global resource Abundance Coal is the world’s most abundant fossil fuel Sufficient reserves for the next 250 years.
- 24. Coal Power Electricity Supplying approximately 50% of electricity to the INDIA Economy Coal-mining stimulates over one million jobs . Coal contributes over $80 billion annually to the economy
- 26. Effects on the environment and Human health SO2 o Sulfur dioxide combined with nitrogen oxide react with water and oxygen in the atmosphere to form acidic compounds, which can mix with natural precipitation and fall to the earth as acid rain. o Sulfur dioxide can also combine with nitrogen oxide and other particles to form particulate matter. o trigger heart attacks and strokes o lead to cardiac arrhythmia (irregular heartbeat) o respiratory irritation, and worsen asthma. o premature death (Both short-term and long-term exposure)
- 27. Effects on the environment and Human health Mercury One of the most dangerous pollutants released into the air through the exhaust system when coal is burned.
- 28. WATER FOR ALL THE VARIOUS SOURCES OF WATER WHICH ARE AVAILABLE TO US ARE – RAINS ,RIVER ,LAKES ,PONDS etc. RAIN IS VERY IMPORTANT SOURCE OF WATER. RAIN WATER IS STORED IN WATER BODIES . RIVERS ARE IMPORTANT SOURCE OF WATER . THE MANAGEMENT OF RIVER WATER IS DONE BY CONSTRUCTION OF DAMS
- 29. DAMS
- 30. DAMS • THE LARGE RESERVIOR OF DAM STORES A HUGE AMOUNT OF WATER . WATER FROM DAMS ARE USED FOR IRRIGATION IN FIELDS. CONSTRUCTION OF DAMS ENSURE CONTINUES WATER SUPPLY TO TOWN AND CITIES. THE WATER SUPPLY FROM DAMS IS USED TO GENARATE ELECTRICITY.
- 31. THE PUBLIC OPPOSITION TO CONSTRUCTION OF LARGE DAM ON RIVER IS DUE TO FOLLOWING PROBLEMS • 1. SOCIAL PROBLEMS DUE TO CONSTRUCTION OF DAMS , A LAREGE NUMBER OF VILLAGERS ARE SUBMERGED IN THE WATER AND MANY PEOPLE ARE RENDERED HOMELESS . THIS CREATES SOCIAL PROBLEMS .
- 32. ENVIROMENTAL PROBLEMS • THE CONSTRUCTION OF DAMS CAUSE DEFORESTRATION AND LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY. • IT DISTURBS THE ECOLOGICAL BALANCE.
- 33. 3. ECONOMIC PROBLEMS • CONSTRUCTION OF DAMS INVOLVES THE SPENDING OF HUGE AMOUNT OF PUBLIC MONEY WITH OUT GENERATIONS OF PROPOTIONAL BENEFITS.
- 34. WATER HARVESTING THE MAIN PURPOSE OF WATER HARVESTING IS NOT TO HOLD RAIN WATER ON THE SURFACE BUT TO MAKE RAIN WATER PERCOLATE UNDER THE GROUND SO AS TO RECHARGE GROUND WATER .
- 35. THE VARIOUS ADVANTAGE OF WATER STORED IN GROUND ARE- 1. IT DOES NOT EVAPORATE. 2. IT IS PROTECTED FROM CONTAMINATION. 3. IT DOES NOT PROMOTE BREEDING OF MOSQUITOES. 4. IT PROVIDE MOISTURE TO CROP FIELDS.
- 36. SOME ANCIENT WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURES REGION STRUCTURE 1. RAJASTHAN KHADINS , NADINS 2. MAHARASHTRA TALS , BANDARAS 3. MP AND UP BUNDHINS 4. BIHAR AHARS , PYNES 5. JAMMU PONDS 6. TAMIL NADU ERIS 7. KERALA SURANGAMS 8. KARNATAKA KATTAS
- 37. THREE RS TO SAVE ENVIRONMENT