Ch. 5 integumentary system - part 3
Download as PPT, PDF3 likes1,094 views
The document discusses different types of skin cancers affecting 1 in 5 Americans, including basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma, detailing their characteristics and treatment methods. It also outlines the dangers of burns, including types and their effects on the body, and provides insight into skin development from infancy to old age. Key factors for recognizing melanoma include asymmetry, border irregularity, color variation, diameter, and elevation.
Ch. 5 integumentary system - part 3
- 1. Chapter 5 Visit Or Site:
- 3. Affects 1 in 5 Americans Caused by UV damage to DNA Types: 1. Basal cell carcinoma Least malignant, most common (80% skin cancers) Stratum basale Sun-exposed areas of face Shiny, dome-shaped nodules Slow-growing; rarely metastasizes (spreads) Removal by surgery (99% cases)
- 4. 2. Squamous cell carcinoma 2nd most common Keratinocytes of stratum spinosum Scaly, reddened bump Grows rapidly and can metastasize if not removed Removal by surgery or radiation therapy
- 5. 3. Melanoma Most dangerous Highly metastatic, resistant to chemotherapy 1/3 from moles (spreading brownblack patch) Key = Early detection!!! Surgery + immunotherapy
- 6. A = Asymmetry: 2 sides of pigmented spot do not match B = Border irregularity: blurry or jagged edges C = Color: several colors (brown, black, tan, blue, red) D = Diameter: >6mm in diameter (pencil eraser) E = Elevation: raised above surface or uneven surface
- 8. Tissue damage caused by heat, electricity, radiation, chemicals Main threat: loss of fluids (dehydration, electrolyte imbalance) Kidney failure, circulatory shock Treatment: replace fluids via IV Rule of NinesRule of Nines: estimating extent of burns Divide body into 11 areas Each part is 9% of total body area + 1% genital region
- 10. 11stst -degree burns-degree burns: only epidermis damaged swelling, redness, pain (sunburn) 22ndnd -degree burns-degree burns: injure epidermis & upper dermis redness and pain; blisters 33rdrd -degree burns-degree burns: entire thickness of skin, destroy nerve endings (no pain) need skin graftskin graft
- 15. >25% of body with 2nd degree burns >10% of body with 3rd degree burns 3rd degree burns on face, hands, feet Face: swelling of respiratory passages suffocation Joints: scar tissue formation limits mobility
- 17. Fetus: downy coat of colorless hairs (lanugo) At birth: covered with white, cheesy substance (vernix caseosa) to protect skin in watery environment Milia: white spots, accumulations in sebaceous glands (baby acne)
- 18. Childhood: skin thickens; deposit subcutaneous fat Adolescence: sebaceous glands activated (oilier hair and skin), acne appears
- 19. Adults: Environmental assaults (sun, wind, chemicals) Old age: thin skin, less oil (dry skin), less fat, less elasticity, less hair (greying and balding)