![Mr.Shane Mernagh [CHANNEL CODING CORRECTION IN 4G]
1 Shane Mernagh:5th
November2012| X00078915
Channel-Coding
Correction in 4G
Abstract:
The emergence of 4G has attracted the
attentionof manyfields of interest.4G is an
improved enhancement of the old 3G
network. 4G considers aspects of mobile
technology such as;
Improvingvideoconferencing calls,
faster images for less lag over the
voice/face interaction
Faster internet usage, giving more
improved internet to the mobile
network
Faster download speeds,
images/songs/data will all be much
easier to download from the web.
Developing4Ghas taken 4 yearsof research
and implementation. Ireland will be on 4G
by the middle 2014. Saorview will allow 4G
to take the bandwidthconsumedby the old
analogue TV signal. 4G will require this to
build up a sustainable connection on a
global scale, using the BW to help sort out
errors this presents 4G’s ways of using BW
to help aid error correction on the channel,
and how it will enhance or modernise the
old 3G LTE signal.
Environment:
The environment will be affected by the
wiring of 4G its implementation took place
this year in October, mostly in America,
where towers were readjusted to fit the
newsignal(The oldanalogue TV signal). This
was bought by 4G, because it needed the
Bandwidth for stable mobile
communication,whichhurtsenvironmental
(physical space) know as air-space.
Channel Coding Correction;
OFDMA: Orthogonal Frequency-
Division Multiple Access
In 4G when fading the fading channel of
an OFDM system can be viewed as a
two-dimensional (2D) lattice in time and
frequency plane, which is sampled at
pilot positions and the channel
characteristics between pilots are
estimated by interpolation.
In error detecting through OFDMA the
liner interpolation error is described by
the formula,
4G uses OFDMA to first analyse, In
wireless links, comparatively high bit
error rates are expected, due to the
fading of multipath and shadowing that
may damage packets during the data
transfer, Process, leading to a wide loss
in TCP components, such as segments or
acknowledgments.
MC-CDMA: Multi-Carrier Code Division
Multiple Access
From the analysis of the fading in
multipath mode access the OFDMA,
uses this type of code to further analyze](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/08658559-aa7a-4fdd-8f34-8058e0df2a62-150214075145-conversion-gate02/85/Channel-Coding-Correction-in-4G-1-320.jpg)
![Mr.Shane Mernagh [CHANNEL CODING CORRECTION IN 4G]
2 Shane Mernagh:5th
November2012| X00078915
the channel from its carrier frequency
bit burst errors are seen from the carrier
code so it using the TCP is divided into
multiple smaller codes to be corrected
by the linear interpolation error
detection,
From OFDMA MC-CDMA must derive
the form which is VSF-OFCDM (which
stands for variable spreading factor
orthogonal frequency code-division
multiplexing), which NTT DoCoMo is
using for its 4G prototype system.
Spreading Factor is sampled using the
𝑆𝐹𝐹 𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 at an antennae. That is
coded using the PN codes of OFDM into
symbols (0, 1, 2 and 3
Error Detection/Correction Ratio
4G analyses bit detection schemes across
the Packet with a stronger use of the BW as
it can process data up to 10 times greater
than predecessor 3G.
Convolutional codes are one of the most
widely used channel codes in practical
Communicationsystems. Convertthe entire
data stream into one single code word.
The main decoding strategy,
for convolutional codes is based on the
widely used Viterbi algorithm.
Conclusion:
The followingprojectshowsone example of
how 4G error detects across a channel, and
howthat error correctionscheme increases;
Bandwidth, Performance, Speed and
Implementation.
The following document states how 4G has
taken from 3G and how the 3G signal was
improvedbythe Error detectingschemes in
the improved 4G model, This document
represents.
References (bibliography)
TABLE 1: Key Parameters of 3g and
4 G Systems
3G 4G
Frequency
band
1.8 - 2.5
GHz
2 - 8 GHz
Bandwidth
5 - 20
MHz
5 - 20 MHz
Data rate
Up to 2
Mbps
(384
kbps
deployed)
Up to 20
Mbps
Access W-CDMA
MC-CDMA or
OFDM
(TDMA)
Forward
error
correction
Convoluti
onal rate
1/2, 1/3
Concatenate
d coding
scheme
Switching
Circuit/pa
cket
Packet
Mobile top
speeds
200 km/h 200 km/h
Title Authors
Integrated Approaches to
Enhance TCP
Performance over 4G
Wireless Networks
@
http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/
stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arn
umber=6222685&tag=1
Ghassan.A.
Abed1
Mohamed
Ismail2
Kasmiran
Jumari3
Figure 1.0
http://amazelook.com/wp-
content/uploads/2012/09/
SS1207_DSP_1.gif
4G Picture
Amazelook.com
OFDMA and MC_CDMA
scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/a
vailable/etd-71897-
15815/unrestricted/
Wikipedia.com
Table 1.A
The October Release Page
http://ieeexplore.org/
Author 4G
Authority](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/08658559-aa7a-4fdd-8f34-8058e0df2a62-150214075145-conversion-gate02/85/Channel-Coding-Correction-in-4G-2-320.jpg)
![Mr.Shane Mernagh [CHANNEL CODING CORRECTION IN 4G]
3 Shane Mernagh:5th
November2012| X00078915](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/08658559-aa7a-4fdd-8f34-8058e0df2a62-150214075145-conversion-gate02/85/Channel-Coding-Correction-in-4G-3-320.jpg)
Channel Coding Correction in 4G
- 1. Mr.Shane Mernagh [CHANNEL CODING CORRECTION IN 4G] 1 Shane Mernagh:5th November2012| X00078915 Channel-Coding Correction in 4G Abstract: The emergence of 4G has attracted the attentionof manyfields of interest.4G is an improved enhancement of the old 3G network. 4G considers aspects of mobile technology such as; Improvingvideoconferencing calls, faster images for less lag over the voice/face interaction Faster internet usage, giving more improved internet to the mobile network Faster download speeds, images/songs/data will all be much easier to download from the web. Developing4Ghas taken 4 yearsof research and implementation. Ireland will be on 4G by the middle 2014. Saorview will allow 4G to take the bandwidthconsumedby the old analogue TV signal. 4G will require this to build up a sustainable connection on a global scale, using the BW to help sort out errors this presents 4G’s ways of using BW to help aid error correction on the channel, and how it will enhance or modernise the old 3G LTE signal. Environment: The environment will be affected by the wiring of 4G its implementation took place this year in October, mostly in America, where towers were readjusted to fit the newsignal(The oldanalogue TV signal). This was bought by 4G, because it needed the Bandwidth for stable mobile communication,whichhurtsenvironmental (physical space) know as air-space. Channel Coding Correction; OFDMA: Orthogonal Frequency- Division Multiple Access In 4G when fading the fading channel of an OFDM system can be viewed as a two-dimensional (2D) lattice in time and frequency plane, which is sampled at pilot positions and the channel characteristics between pilots are estimated by interpolation. In error detecting through OFDMA the liner interpolation error is described by the formula, 4G uses OFDMA to first analyse, In wireless links, comparatively high bit error rates are expected, due to the fading of multipath and shadowing that may damage packets during the data transfer, Process, leading to a wide loss in TCP components, such as segments or acknowledgments. MC-CDMA: Multi-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access From the analysis of the fading in multipath mode access the OFDMA, uses this type of code to further analyze
- 2. Mr.Shane Mernagh [CHANNEL CODING CORRECTION IN 4G] 2 Shane Mernagh:5th November2012| X00078915 the channel from its carrier frequency bit burst errors are seen from the carrier code so it using the TCP is divided into multiple smaller codes to be corrected by the linear interpolation error detection, From OFDMA MC-CDMA must derive the form which is VSF-OFCDM (which stands for variable spreading factor orthogonal frequency code-division multiplexing), which NTT DoCoMo is using for its 4G prototype system. Spreading Factor is sampled using the 𝑆𝐹𝐹 𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 at an antennae. That is coded using the PN codes of OFDM into symbols (0, 1, 2 and 3 Error Detection/Correction Ratio 4G analyses bit detection schemes across the Packet with a stronger use of the BW as it can process data up to 10 times greater than predecessor 3G. Convolutional codes are one of the most widely used channel codes in practical Communicationsystems. Convertthe entire data stream into one single code word. The main decoding strategy, for convolutional codes is based on the widely used Viterbi algorithm. Conclusion: The followingprojectshowsone example of how 4G error detects across a channel, and howthat error correctionscheme increases; Bandwidth, Performance, Speed and Implementation. The following document states how 4G has taken from 3G and how the 3G signal was improvedbythe Error detectingschemes in the improved 4G model, This document represents. References (bibliography) TABLE 1: Key Parameters of 3g and 4 G Systems 3G 4G Frequency band 1.8 - 2.5 GHz 2 - 8 GHz Bandwidth 5 - 20 MHz 5 - 20 MHz Data rate Up to 2 Mbps (384 kbps deployed) Up to 20 Mbps Access W-CDMA MC-CDMA or OFDM (TDMA) Forward error correction Convoluti onal rate 1/2, 1/3 Concatenate d coding scheme Switching Circuit/pa cket Packet Mobile top speeds 200 km/h 200 km/h Title Authors Integrated Approaches to Enhance TCP Performance over 4G Wireless Networks @ http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arn umber=6222685&tag=1 Ghassan.A. Abed1 Mohamed Ismail2 Kasmiran Jumari3 Figure 1.0 http://amazelook.com/wp- content/uploads/2012/09/ SS1207_DSP_1.gif 4G Picture Amazelook.com OFDMA and MC_CDMA scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/a vailable/etd-71897- 15815/unrestricted/ Wikipedia.com Table 1.A The October Release Page http://ieeexplore.org/ Author 4G Authority
- 3. Mr.Shane Mernagh [CHANNEL CODING CORRECTION IN 4G] 3 Shane Mernagh:5th November2012| X00078915