Chapter 1

CHAPTER 1 DISCUSSION QUESTIONS What is the difference between life expectancy & healthy life expectancy? What are the leading causes of death in the U.S.? What is the difference between physical activity & exercise? What is wellness & explain each of the 7 dimensions of wellness? What is the #1 threat to public health in the US? What is the #2 threat to public health in the US? What are the 2 categories of physical fitness? What is the difference between health fitness & physical fitness? What 3 important points do the National Health Objectives of 2010 address? According to the WHO, what factors account for the US ranking 24th out of 191 nations in healthy life expectancy? Define moderate physical activity and according to the Federal Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, how much moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity should an adult (18-64) do a week? What is one of the main reasons that the US health care system ranks only 37th in the world?

HEALTH STATISTICS -OBESITY IS THE #2 CAUSE OF PREVENTABLE DEATH IN THE US. -60 MILLION AMERICANS, 20 YEARS & OLDER ARE OBESE. -9 MILLION AMERICAN CHILDREN & TEENS ARE OBESE. -60% OF ALL DEATHS IN THE U.S. ARE CAUSED BY CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE & CANCER. -80% OF THESE DEATHS COULD BE PREVENTED THROUGH A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE PROGRAM. -WHAT ARE THE 2 MAIN COMPONENTS OF A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE PRORGRAM? 1) PHYSICAL ACTIVITY 2) HEALTHY DIET -WHY DO SO MANY AMERICANS NOT INCORPORATE A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE PROGRAM INTO THEIR DAILY LIVES?

HEALTH “ A STATE OF COMPLETE WELL-BEING” -REGULAR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & POSITIVE LIFESTYLE HABITS LEADS TO BETTER HEALTH, QUALITY OF LIFE, & OVERALL WELL-BEING. WHAT ARE THE MAIN FACTORS THAT AFFECT HEALTH & WELL-BEING?

2) ENVIRONMENT HEALTHIEST & LEAST HEALTHIEST STATE IN 2011?

5) WHAT IS THE #1 THREAT TO PUBLIC HEALTH IN THE UNITED STATES? TOBACCO USE -THE LARGEST CAUSE OF PREVENTABLE DEATHS.

6) WHAT IS THE #2 THREAT TO PUBLIC HEALTH IN THE UNITED STATES? PHYSICAL INACTIVITY

WHAT TERM IS ATTRIBUTED TO THE GROWING THREAT OF PHYSICAL INACTIVITY ON PUBLIC HEALTH IN THE UNITED STATES? SEDENTARY DEATH SYNDROME (SeDS): -TERM USED TO DESCRIBE DEATHS ATTRIBUTED TO A LACK OF REGULAR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY.

1) LIFE EXPECTANCY VS HEALTHY LIFE EXPECTANCY LIFE EXPECTANCY (LE): -HOW LONG AN INDIVIDUAL IS EXPECTED TO LIVE AVERAGE LE IN US IS 77.6 YEARS -75 FOR MEN & 80 FOR WOMEN HEALTHY LIFE EXPECTANCY (HLE): -OBTAINED BY SUBTRACTING THE YEARS OF ILL HEALTH FROM TOTAL LIFE EXPECTANCY -AVERAGE HLE IN US IS 70 YEARS

2) IN ORDER, WHAT ARE THE LEADING CAUSES OF DEATH IN THE UNITED STATES?

1) DISEASES OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM -35% OF ALL DEATHS ATTRIBUTED TO DISEASES OF THE HEART & BLOOD VESSELS -70.1 MILLION PEOPLE IN THE UNITED STATES ARE AFFLICTED WITH DISEASES OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

2) CANCER -23% OF ALL DEATHS IN THE UNITED STATES ARE ATTRIBUTABLE TO CANCER -LUNG CANCER IS THE MAJOR CONTRIBUTOR TO THE INCREASE IN THE INCIDENCE OF CANCER DURING THE LAST 50 YEARS -SMOKING ACCOUNTS FOR 30% OF ALL CANCER DEATHS

3) CHRONIC LOWER RESPIRATORY DISEASE (CLRD) -INCLUDES DISEASES: CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE, EMPHYSEMA, & CHRONIC BRONCHITIS

4) ACCIDENTS -ACCIDENTS DON’T JUST HAPPEN; THEY ARE CAUSED -DRUG/ALCOHOL USE & NOT WEARING SEAT BELTS -ALCOHOL ABUSE IS THE #1 CAUSE OF ALL - ACCIDENTS -ACCOUNT FOR 1/2 OF ACCIDENT & SUICIDE DEATHS

3) PHYSICAL ACTIVITY VS EXERCISE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY: -BODILY MOVEMENT PRODUCED BY SKELETAL MUSCLES -REQUIRES ENERGY EXPENDITURE & PRODUCES PROGRESSIVE HEALTH BENEFITS -EXAMPLES: TAKING THE STAIRS, SNOW SHOVELING EXERCISE: -TYPE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY THAT REQUIRES PLANNED, STRUCTURED, & REPETITIVE BODILY MOVEMENT TO IMPROVE OR MAINTAIN ONE OR MORE COMPONENTS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS -EXAMPLES: RUNNING, CYCLING, STRENGTH TRAINING

4) WELLNESS -THE CONSTANT & DELIBERATE EFFORT TO STAY HEALTHY & ACHIEVE THE HIGHEST POTENTIAL FOR WELL-BEING -IT IS A LIFESTYLE HEALTH PROMOTION: -THE SCIENCE & ART OF ENABLING PEOPLE TO INCREASE CONTROL OVER THEIR LIFESTYLE TO MOVE TOWARD A STATE OF WELLNESS RISK FACTORS: -LIFESTYLE & GENETIC VARIABLES THAT MAY LEAD TO DISEAE

THE 7 DIMENSIONS OF WELLNESS * THE TEXTBOOK REFERS TO INTELLECTUAL AS MENTAL.

THE US RANKS 24TH OUT OF 191 NATIONS IN HEALTHY LIFE EXPECTANCY...FOR A DEVELOPED NATION WHY? 1) EXTREMELY POOR HEALTH OF SOME GROUPS -NATIVE AMERICANS, RURAL AFRICAN AMERICANS, INNER-CITY POOR 2) HIV EPIDEMIC -CAUSES MORE DEATHS & DISABILITY THAN OTHER DEVELOPED NATIONS 3) HIGH INCIDENCE OF TOBACCO USE 4) HIGH INCIDENCE OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE 5) HIGH LEVELS OF VIOLENCE COMPARED TO OTHER DEVELOPED NATIONS

PHYSICAL FITNESS -THE ABILITY TO MEET THE ORDINARY AS WELL AS THE UNUSUAL DEMANDS OF DAILY LIFE SAFELY & EFFECTIVELY WITHOUT BEING OVER FATIGUED & STILL HAVE ENERGY LEFT FOR LEISURE & RECRATIONAL ACTIVITIES 2 CATEGORIES OF PHYSICAL FITNESS: HEALTH-RELATED FITNESS SKILL-RELATED FITNESS

1) HEALTH-RELATED FITNESS: -THE ABILITY TO PERFORM ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING WITHOUT UNDUE FATIGUE -COMPONENTS: AEROBIC ENDURANCE, MUSCULAR STRENGTH & ENDURANCE, MUSCULAR FLEXIBILITY, & BODY COMPOSITION 2) SKILL-RELATED FITNESS: -RELATED PRIMARILY TO SUCCESSFUL SPORTS & MOTOR SKILL PERFORMANCE -COMPONENTS: AGILITY, BALANCE, COORDINATION, REACTION, TIME, SPEED, & POWER

NATIONAL HEALTH OBJECTIVES FOR 2010 PERSONAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR HEALTHY BEHAVIOR HEALTH BENEFITS FOR ALL PEOPLE IN ALL COMMUNITIES HEALTH PROMOTION & DISEASE PREVENTION

MODERATE PHYSICAL ACTIVITY “ ANY ACTIVITY THAT REQUIRES AN EXPENDITURE OF 150 CALORIES/DAY, OR 1,000 CALORIES/WEEK.” FEDERAL PHYSICAL ACTIVITY GUIDELINES FOR AMERICANS -ADULTS (18-64) SHOULD DO 2 HOURS & 30 MINUTES A WEEK OF MODERATE-INTENSITY AEROBIC PHYSICAL ACTIVITY.

WHAT IS THE MAIN REASON WHY THE US HEALTH CARE SYSTEM RANKS 37TH IN THE WORLD? -THE EMPHASIS ON CURES INSTEAD OF PREVENTION. -THE US IS THE BEST PLACE IN THE WORLD TO TREAT PEOPLE ONCE THEY ARE SICK, BUT THE SYSTEM DOES A POOR JOB OF KEEPING PEOPLE HEALTHY IN THE FIRST PLACE.

Chapter 1

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Chapter 1