Chapter 1.1 Treaty of Versailles Sec3EXP Dunman Sec Revision
Download as PPTX, PDF1 like168 views
The document outlines key information about the Treaty of Versailles that students should know when studying it. They should understand the aims and motivations of the "Big Three" leaders (US, Britain, France) in negotiating the treaty, as well as the terms imposed on Germany and their impact. Each country had different experiences in World War 1 that shaped their goals. France sought revenge after great losses, Britain wanted payment but Germany's future participation in European affairs, while the US prioritized establishing long-term peace. The harsh terms crippled Germany's economy and military and deeply resented, fueling German anger in later years.
Chapter 1.1 Treaty of Versailles Sec3EXP Dunman Sec Revision
- 2. When studying theTreaty ofVersailles: You ought to know ■ AIMS and REASONS for their MOTIVATIONS of the BIG 3 ■ TERMS of theTreaty ofVersailles and its IMPACT on Germany.
- 3. AIMS and REASONS for their MOTIVATIONS of the BIG 3 ■ Need to know the difference between the individual leaders (BIG 3) ■ Need to know WHY they held those attitudes.
- 4. Leaders Attitude towards Germany at Versailles • Germany should be crippled • Germany should pay reparations • Germany to accept total blame • Wanted revenge • Germany should be punished • Germany should not be crippled, but it should not be allowed to build a strong navy • Germany was a future potential trading partner • Unjust treatment of Germany might lead to future wars • Germany should be punished and
- 5. The different motivations and aims of the ‘Big Three’ were determined by the different experiences that each country faced during the war.
- 6. US PRESIDENT • A ‘fair and lasting peace’ for the world in general based on Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points. • He wanted to achieve a fair peace which included: • Self Determination • Disarmament • Establishing the League of Nations Why did the US have these aims? • The USA was not keen to be entangled in European affairs and was more concerned about making the world a safer place. • The USA’s war experience was different from Britain and France. • Unlike France, it had not been invaded in WW1. It had also
- 7. BRITAIN PRIME MINISTER • Britain wanted ‘justice’, but not revenge. It wanted to punish Germany but still needed Germany for its own political reasons. • However, PM Lloyd George was under pressure to make Germany pay a high price. Why did the British PM have these aims? • Britain was concerned with the threat of Communism. A strong Germany could stop the threat of Communism. • Britain, with its weakened economy believed a recovered Germany would help to boost the economy of Europe. She also wanted Germany to resume their trading partnership. • However, Britain also had suffered large numbers of casualties during WW1. Prime Minister Lloyd George had won the election promising to ‘make Germany pay’.
- 8. FRANCE’S PRIME MINISTER • France wanted revenge on Germany and compensation for its war damage. • It wanted Germany’s reparations to be as large as possible. • France wanted Germany to accept total blame for the war. • France wanted to reclaim Alsace-Lorraine, which was lost to Germany in 1871. Why did the French PM have these aims? • Germany had attacked France twice (in 1870 and 1914) and lost valuable land like Alsace-Lorraine. • France wanted to punish Germany because France’s damage and destruction was severe. It suffered many casualties and its economy was shattered. France wanted to obtain reparations for the damage done. • It was determined to weaken Germany so France would never be in danger again. •
- 9. TERMS of the Treaty of Versailles and its IMPACT on Germany. ■ Need to know each term of TOV plus factual examples ■ Need to know the impact of each factor on Germany = Feeling + Outcome
- 10. Terms of the Treaty 1. German territorial losses 2. Military terms 3. War guilt clause 4. Reparations 5. League of Nations
- 13. Impact: Leading to German resentment, anger
- 14. Example ofType of Possible SEQ (A) Questions onTOV Question Focus Explain the aims/motivations of the leaders during the Paris Peace Conference Explain how the Allies wanted to deal with Germany after WW2 Explain why the aims of the BIG 3 differed each other? Explain why the Germans resented/ hated theTOV Explain how theTOV affected the German’s lives Explain why theTOV was humiliating to the Germans
- 15. Example ofType of Possible SEQ (A) Questions onTOV Question Focus Explain the aims/motivations of the leaders during the Paris Peace Conference Aim+ Reasons behind Explain how the Allies wanted to deal with Germany after WW2 Attitudes + Terms/Impact Explain why the aims of the BIG 3 differed each other? Attitudes + Impact (Terms) Explain why the Germans resented/ hated theTOV Terms + Impact Explain how theTOV affected the German’s lives Terms +Impact Explain why theTOV was humiliating to the Germans Terms + Impact
- 16. Example ofType of Possible SEQ (A) Questions onTOV Question Focus Describe why the Allies deemed it necessary to impose a toughTOV on Germany. Reasons of Allies What were the reasons the Germans found theTOV harsh? Terms ofTOV + IMPACT Describe how Clemenceau and Wilson differed over how to deal with Germany. Differing of Allies Describe the terms of theTOV. Terms ofTOV