Chapter 16, isomerism lec.9
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Compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural or spatial arrangements are called isomers. There are five types of structural isomerism: 1) chain (skeletal) isomerism where compounds have the same formula but different carbon chain structures; 2) position isomerism where functional groups are in different positions; 3) functional group isomerism where different functional groups are present; 4) metamerism where alkyl groups are distributed differently; and 5) tautomerism which is a special type where dynamic equilibrium is established between structures by hydrogen transfer or movement of pi bonds.
Chapter 16, isomerism lec.9
- 1. Compounds having similar formula (number of atoms) but different structures and properties are called isomers of each other and the phenomenon is called isomerism. Isomerism (Same-Parts) Page 138
- 3. Types of Isomerism Page 138
- 4. Structural Isomerism These Isomers are formed by breaking and making of bonds. Types of Structural Isomerism: There are five types of structural Isomerism. 1. Chain (skeletal) Isomerism: Compounds having same molecular formula but different carbon chains are called structural isomerism. Number of isomers increases with increase number of carbon atoms. For example Isomers of butane, Pentane and Hexane Page 142
- 5. Isomers of Butane (C4H10) Isomers of Pentane (C5H12) Isomers of Hexane (C6H14) Page 142
- 6. Structural Isomerism 2. Position Isomerism: It has same molecular formula but different position of same functional group. For Example Page 142
- 7. Structural Isomerism 3. Functional Group Isomerism: It has same molecular formula but different functional group. For Example Page 143
- 8. Structural Isomerism 4. Metamerism: It has same molecular formula but different distribution of alkyl group on either side of molecules. For Example Page 143
- 9. Structural Isomerism 5. Tautomerism (Keto-enol Isomerism): It is special type of structural isomerism during which dynamic equilibrium establish between different group by transfer of Hydrgen atom and π bond. For Example Page 143
- 10. Activity Think on these pictures With respect to Isomerism. These seems to be same pair but they are different from each other