Chapter 17 section 1 power point
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Germany's path to war began with Hitler's belief that Germany needed more land and resources. He violated the Treaty of Versailles and remilitarized the Rhineland. Britain and France appeased Hitler by allowing the annexation of Austria and the Sudetenland. After invading Czechoslovakia, Hitler was convinced the western allies would not fight. He then signed a non-aggression pact with the Soviet Union to enable the invasion of Poland, bringing Britain and France into World War 2. Japan's path also began with its seizure of Manchuria in 1931 and occupation of parts of China against Chiang Kai-shek. Japan sought to establish dominance in East Asia but was dependent on U.S. trade. Facing sanctions
Chapter 17 section 1 power point
- 1. Chapter 17 Section 1 Jason M. Hauck
- 2. I. The German Path to War A. Adolf Hitler believed that Germany could build a great civilization. 1. To do this, Germany needed more land to support more German people. 2. He wanted lands in the east in the Soviet Union and prepared for war. a. His plan was to use the land for German settlements and enslave the Slavic people.
- 4. B. Hitler proposed that Germany be able to revise the unfair provisions of the Treaty of Versailles that had ended World War I. 1. At first he said that he would use peaceful means. 2. However, in March of 1935, he created a new air force and began a military draft.
- 5. C. France, Great Britain, and Italy condemned Hitler’s moves. 1. Due to problems caused by the Great Depression, they were not prepared to take action. 2. Hitler became convinced that the Western states would not stop him from breaking the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles.
- 7. D. In March of 1936, Hitler sent German troops into the Rhineland, which was supposed to be a demilitarized area. 1. France would not oppose Germany for this treaty violation without British support. 2. G.B. saw this action as reasonable and did not call for military response. a. Beginning of the policy of appeasement. i. Policy of satisfying the demands of the dissatisfied states, the dissatisfied states would be content and peace would be preserved.
- 8. E. Hitler gained new allies, Benito Mussolini Fascist leader of Italy. 1. Italy with the help of the Germans, invaded Ethiopia in 1935. 2. In 1936, Italy and Germany sent troops to Spain to support Francisco Franco. a. Rome-Berlin Axis—Germany/Italy Alliance. b. Anti-Comintern Pact—Germany/Japan alliance against communism.
- 9. F. By 1937, Germany had become a very powerful nation. 1. In 1938, Hitler pursued a long held goal, union with Austria, or Anschluss. a. By threatening to invade Austria, Hitler forced the Austrians to put Austrian Nazi in charge of the government. i. The new government then invited German troops into Austria to “help” maintain order. ii. Hitler then annexed Austria.
- 10. G. In 1938, Hitler demanded that the Sudetenland in NW Czechoslovakia be given to Germany. 1. GB, France, and Italy met in Munich; they all gave in to Hitler’s demands. 2. Neville Chamberlin believed Hitler would make no more demands. H. After Munich, Hitler was even more convinced that France and Great Britain would not fight. 1. In March of 1939, Hitler invaded western Czechoslovakia.
- 11. Neville Chamberlin’s “Peace for our Time” speech
- 12. I. France and G.B. began to react. 1. G.B. said it would protect Poland if Hitler invaded. a. France and G.B. began negotiations with Stalin. b. They knew that they would need the Soviet Union to help contain the Nazis.
- 13. J. Hitler was afraid of an alliance between the West and the Soviet Union. 1. August 1939, Germany signed a Nonaggression Pact. a. Hitler offered Stalin eastern Poland and the Baltic states. b. Hitler knew that eventually he would break the pact. i. It enabled him to invade Poland without fear. K. On September 1, Germany invaded Poland. Two days later, G.B. and France declared war on Germany.
- 15. II. The Japanese Path to War A. September 1931, Japanese soldiers seized Manchuria. 1. The Japanese claimed that the Chinese had attacked them, “Mukden Incident.” 2. Japanese had staged the attack themselves disguised as Chinese soldiers.
- 16. B. When the League of Nations investigated and condemned the attack Japan withdrew from the league. 1. Japan then strengthened its hold on Manchuria, which it renamed Manchukuo. C. Chiang Kai-shek tried to avoid war with Japan. 1. Believed Chinese Communists were a bigger threat. 2. Allowed Japan to occupy parts of N. China. 3. July 1937, Japanese seized the capital of Nanjing. a. Chiang Kai-shek refused to surrender and moved the capital.
- 17. D. Japanese military leaders wanted to establish a New Order in East Asia. 1. The order included Japan, Manchuria, and China. a. Japan believed they would modernize the other countries.
- 18. E. The Japanese planned to seize Soviet Siberia. 1. During the 1930’s Japan began to cooperate with Nazi Germany. 2. The Japanese thought that they could defeat the Soviet Union and divide its resources. a. Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact forced Japan to rethink its goals.
- 19. F. In 1940, Japan began to exploit French Indochina’s resources. 1. U.S. responded by imposing economic sanctions, or restrictions on trade, unless Japan withdrew to its borders of 1931. G. The Japanese badly needed oil and scrap iron from the U.S. 1. The economic sanctions were a very real threat. 2. After long debate, Japan decided to launch a surprise attack on U.S. and European colonies in Southeast Asia.