Chapter 2.1: Scientific Method
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This document describes the scientific method process which includes making observations and collecting data, formulating a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis through controlled experiments, and developing a theory if the hypothesis is supported. It distinguishes between qualitative and quantitative observations and defines key terms like hypotheses, theories, and models.
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Chapter 2.1: Scientific Method
- 1. Measurements and CalculationsChapter 22 + 2 = 43 – 1 = 4
- 2. ObjectivesDescribe the purpose of scientific methodDistinguish between qualitative and quantitative observationsDescribe the differences between hypotheses, theories, and models
- 3. Scientific MethodLogical approach to solving problemsObserving and collecting dataFormulating a hypothesisTesting a hypothesisFormulate a theory
- 4. Observing and collecting dataObserving – use senses to obtain informationQualitative – descriptive ex: blue, largeQuantitative – numerical ex: 25 meters, 6 secondsSystem – specific portion of matter in a given region of space that has been selected for study during an experimentFormulate hypothesisDefine: a testable statementForms and If – Then statementExamples:
- 5. Girls are smarter than boys
- 6. 25% phosphorus fertilizer is best for plant growth
- 9. Keep all variable same except oneTheorizingModel – explanation of how phenomena occur and how data or events are related.Lottery machine – gas behaviorTheory – broad generalization that explains a body of facts or phenomena
- 11. Big bang theory
- 12. Theory of evolutionScientific Method