Chapter 3-hygo-framework
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The document discusses the Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA), which is a 10-year plan adopted by UN Member States in 2005 to make nations and communities more resilient to disasters. It aimed to substantially reduce disaster losses by 2015 through cooperation across governments, agencies, and other partners. The HFA outlined five priorities for action and provided principles and strategies to achieve disaster resilience at local, national, regional and international levels.
Chapter 3-hygo-framework
- 1. Ravindra Lal Mul Pradip Giri Rajan Gurung Student M.Sc. In Public Health and DisasterM.Sc. In Public Health and Disaster Engineering School of Enginering Pokhara University June 2019 Lekhnath, Kaski
- 3. Global blueprint for disaster risk reduction efforts between 2005-2015. Its goal was to substaintially reduce disaster losses by 2015- in lives,and in the social,economic ,and environmental assests of communities and countries.of communities and countries. It was developed and agreed on with many partners needed to reduce disaster risk- governments,international agencies,disaster experts and many others. HFA outlines five priorities for action,and offers guiding principle and practical means for achieving disaster resilience.
- 4. The HFA is a 10-year plan to make the world safer from natural hazards. It was endorsed by the UN General Assembly in the Resolution A/RES/60/195 following the 2005 World Disaster Reduction Conference.
- 5. Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters (HFA) is the first plan to explain, describe and detail the work that is required from all different sectors and actors to reduce disaster losses. It was developed and agreed on with the It was developed and agreed on with the many partners needed to reduce disaster risk - governments, international agencies, disaster experts and many others - bringing them into a common system of coordination.
- 6. The HFA outlines five priorities for action, and offers guiding principles and practical means for achieving disaster resilience. Its goal is to substantially reduce disaster losses by 2015 by building the resilience oflosses by 2015 by building the resilience of nations and communities to disasters. This means reducing loss of lives and social, economic, and environmental assets when hazards strike.
- 7. Key framework for implementing disaster risk reduction within the overall goal of building the resilience of nations and communities to disasters. 168 Member States of the United Nations 168 Member States of the United Nations adopted the Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA)- in January 2005, in Kobe, Japan, The HFA aims to achieve a substantial reduction of disaster losses by 2015 – both in lives, and in the social, economic, and environmental assets of communities and countries
- 8. To conclude and report on the review of the Yokohama Strategy and its Plan of Action, with a view to updating the guiding framework on disaster reduction for the twenty-first century. To identify specific activities aimed at ensuring the implementation of relevant provisions of the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation of the World Summit on Sustainable Development on vulnerability, risk assessment and disaster management. . To share good practices and lessons learned to further disaster reduction within the context of attaining sustainable development, and to identify gapswithin the context of attaining sustainable development, and to identify gaps and challenge. To increase awareness of the importance of disaster reduction policies, thereby facilitating and promoting the implementation of those policies. To increase the reliability and availability of appropriate disaster-related information to the public and disaster management agencies in all regions, as set out in relevant provisions of the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation.
- 9. Taking these objectives into account, and drawing on the conclusions of the review of the Yokohama Strategy, States and other actors participating at the World Conference on Disaster Reduction resolve to pursue the following expected outcome for the next 10 year. The substantial reduction of disaster losses, in lives and in The substantial reduction of disaster losses, in lives and in the social, economic and environmental assets of communities and countries. The realization of this outcome will require the full commitment and involvement of all actors concerned, including governments, regional and international organizations, civil society including volunteers, the private sector and the scientific community.
- 10. Integration of disaster risk reduction into sustainable development policies and planning Development and strengthening of institutions, mechanisms and capacities to build resilience tomechanisms and capacities to build resilience to hazards Systematic incorporation of risk reduction approaches into the implementation of emergency preparedness, response and recovery program
- 11. 3. Build Understanding and 2. Know the Risk and Take Action 1. Make Disaster Risk Reduction a Priority 5. Be prepared and ready to Act Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response at all levels 4. Reduce the Underlying Risk 3. Build Understanding and Awareness
- 12. Key Sectors Agriculture & Food Security Health Education Shelter, Infrastructure And Physical Planning Livelihood Protection And Physical Planning Livelihood Protection Water and Sanitation Information, Communication, Coordination and Logistics Search & Rescue and Damage/Need Assessment Cross-Cutting Sectors 1. Human Rights and Protection 2. Gender and Social Inclusion 3. Staff safety and security 4. Decentralization and Local Self Governance
- 13. Ensure that disaster risk reduction is a national and local priority with a strong institutional basis for implementation. Identify, assess and monitor disaster risks and enhance early warning.enhance early warning. Use knowledge, innovation and education to build a culture of safety and resilience at all levels. Reduce the underlying risk factors. Strengthen disaster preparedness for effective response at all levels.
- 14. Countries that develop policy, legislative and institutional frameworks for disaster risk reduction and that are able to develop and track progress throughdevelop and track progress through specific and measurable indicators have greater capacity to manage risks and to achieve widespread consensus for, engagement in and compliance with disaster risk reduction measures across all sectors of society
- 15. The starting point for reducing disaster risk and for promoting a culture of disaster resilience lies in the knowledge of the hazards and the physical, social, economic and environmental vulnerabilities to disasters that most economic and environmental vulnerabilities to disasters that most societies face, and of the ways in which hazards and vulnerabilities are changing in the short and long term, followed by action taken on the basis of that knowledge.
- 16. Disasters can be substantially reduced if people are well informed and motivated towards a culture of disaster prevention and resilience,disaster prevention and resilience, which in turn requires the collection, compilation and dissemination of relevant knowledge and information on hazards, vulnerabilities and capacities.
- 17. Disaster risks related to changing social, economic, environmental conditions and land use, and the impact of hazards associated with geological events, weather, water, impact of hazards associated with geological events, weather, water, climate variability and climate change, are addressed in sector development planning and programmes as well as in post-disaster situations.
- 18. At times of disaster, impacts and losses can be substantially reduced if authorities, individuals and communities in hazard-prone areas are well prepared and ready to act and communities in hazard-prone areas are well prepared and ready to act and are equipped with the knowledge and capacities for effective disaster management.
- 20. A. General considerations The implementation of and follow-up to the strategic goals and priorities for action set out in this Framework for Action should be addressed by different stakeholders in a multi-sectoral approach, including the development sector. States and regional and international organizations should foster greater strategic coordination among the United Nations, other international organizations, including international financial institutions, regional bodies, donor agencies and nongovernmental organizations engaged in disaster risk reduction.nongovernmental organizations engaged in disaster risk reduction. States and regional and international organizations should also support the capacities of regional mechanisms and organizations to develop regional plans, policies and common practices. All actors are encouraged to build multi-stakeholder partnerships, at all levels, as appropriate, and on a voluntary basis, to contribute to the implementation of this Framework for Action.
- 21. Prepare and publish national baseline assessments of the status of disaster risk reduction, according to the capabilities, needs and policies of each State. Designate an appropriate national coordination mechanism for the implementation and follow up of this Framework for Action, and communicate the information to the secretariat of the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction. Publish and periodically update a summary of national programmes for disaster risk reduction related to this Framework for Action, including on international cooperation.cooperation. Include information on progress of disaster risk reduction in the reporting mechanisms of existing international and other frameworks concerning sustainable development, as appropriate. Promote the integration of risk reduction associated with existing climate variability and future climate change into strategies for the reduction of disaster risk and adaptation to climate change.
- 22. Promote regional programmes, including programmes for technical cooperation, capacity development, the development of methodologies and standards for hazard and vulnerability monitoring and assessment. Undertake and publish regional and sub-regional baseline assessments of the disaster risk reduction status, according to the needs identified and in line with their mandates. Coordinate and publish periodic reviews on progress in the region and on Coordinate and publish periodic reviews on progress in the region and on impediments and support needs, and assist countries. Establish or strengthen existing specialized regional collaborative centers, as appropriate, to undertake research, training, education and capacity building in the field of disaster risk reduction. Support the development of regional mechanisms and capacities for early warning to disasters, including for tsunami.
- 23. Engage fully in supporting and implementing the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction, and cooperate to advance integrated approaches to building disaster-resilient nations and communities. Strengthen the overall capacity of the United Nations system to assist disaster-prone developing countries in disaster risk reduction. Identify relevant actions to assist disaster-prone developing countries in Identify relevant actions to assist disaster-prone developing countries in the implementation of this Framework for Action. Assist disaster-prone developing countries to set up national strategies and plans of action and programmes for disaster risk reduction. Support States with the provision of appropriate, timely and well coordinated international relief assistance, upon request of affected countries, and in accordance with agreed guiding principles for emergency relief assistance and coordination arrangement.
- 24. Develop a matrix of roles and initiatives in support of follow-up to this Framework for Action, involving individual members of the Task Force and other international partner. Facilitate the coordination of effective and integrated action within the organizations of the United Nations system and among other relevant international and regional entities. Ensure support to national platforms for disaster reduction, including through the clear articulation of their role and value. Stimulate the exchange, compilation, analysis, summary and dissemination of best practices, lessons learned, available technologies and programmes, to support disaster risk reduction. Prepare periodic reviews on progress towards achieving the objectives and priorities of this Framework for Action.
- 25. Mobilize the appropriate resources and capabilities of relevant national, regional and international bodies, including the United Nations system. Provide for and support, through bilateral and multilateral channels, the implementation of this Framework for Action in disaster-prone developing countries. Mainstream disaster risk reduction measures appropriately into multilateral and bilateral development assistance programmesmultilateral and bilateral development assistance programmes including those related to poverty. Provide adequate voluntary financial contributions to the United Nations Trust Fund for Disaster Reduction. Develop partnerships to implement schemes that spread out risks, reduce insurance premiums, expand insurance coverage and increase financing for postdisaster reconstruction.
- 27. Over 700 thousand people lost their lives, over 1.4 million were injured, and approximately 23 million were made homeless Overall, more than 1.5 billion people were affected by disasters in various ways, and with women, children and people in vulnerable situations being disproportionately affected.vulnerable situations being disproportionately affected. 144 million people were displaced by disasters between 2008 and 2012. The total economic loss was more than $1.3 trillion
- 28. Well, both conflicts and natural disaster affect directly the enjoyment of human rights of affected population. Destroyed shelters, suffering from starvation, illness, all these are not myth… isn’t it reality ?? Yeah, all these realities impact directly the fundamental human rights such as right to housing, the right to food,fundamental human rights such as right to housing, the right to food, the right to health or the right to water and sanitation. The obligations of the states are divided into three categories : obligations to respect, to protect and to fulfil.`
- 29. The mid term review highlighted the fact that the implementation for action over the past five years has generated significant international and national political momentum and action around disaster risk reduction. It also highlighted the governance for the implementation of the HFA at the national and international should be improved.at the national and international should be improved. The effectiveness of national platforms in informing and supporting the executive level of decision making should be assessed. Common tools and guidance should be further developed and translated in local languages along with international community should develop more coherent and integrated approach to support HFA implementation.
- 30. Lets talk about incident in Cuba… Cuba’s tropical cyclone early warning system is credited with a dramatic reduction in deaths from natural hazards. It includes an early warning system and an effective response, which gives communities at risk time to evacuate to emergency shelters. Hurricanes gustav destroyed an estimated 100 000 homes in cuba in 2007. although considered to be the strongest hurricanecuba in 2007. although considered to be the strongest hurricane in 50 years, the community was prepared and there was no loss of life. Similarly, the Bangladesh cyclone preparedness programme, the vigilance system in France, the multi hazard early warning system in japan and US are executed and implemented for the major losses.
- 31. Any questions please !!!