This document discusses strategies for differentiated instruction and universal design for learning. It provides examples of how instructional strategies and learning activities do not need to be the same for all students. Teachers can differentiate by allowing students to demonstrate skills and knowledge in multiple ways, such as through graphic organizers, presentations, or PowerPoints. The document also discusses the recognition, strategic, and affective networks in the brain and how universal design relies on setting learning goals, activities, and assessing progress. Examples of adapting software, hardware, digital technologies, and supporting social needs of students are also provided.