![breakdownDescription1
[double-headed arrow]Project
[downward arrow]Complete project2
[double-headed arrow]Deliverable
[downward arrow]Major deliverables3
[double-headed arrow]Subdeliverable
[downward arrow]Supporting deliverables4
[double-headed arrow]Lowest subdeliverable
[downward arrow]Lowest management responsibility level5
[double-headed arrow]Cost account*
[downward arrow]
Work packageGrouping of work packages for monitoring
progress and responsibility
Identifiable work activities
* This breakdown groups work packages by type of work within
a deliverable and allows assignment of responsibility to an
organizational unit. This extra step facilitates a system for
monitoring project progress (discussed in Chapter 13).
Return to parent-slide containing images.
© McGraw Hill
‹#›](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/chapterfourdefiningtheproject2021mcgrawhill-221118051440-3348f99d/85/Chapter-FourDefining-the-Project-2021-McGraw-Hill-All-ri-docx-15-320.jpg)
![o WP-BL3#
• Resolution*
o WP-R1#
o WP-R2#
o WP-R3#
Return to parent-slide containing images.
© McGraw Hill
‹#›
Integration of WBS and OBS - Text Alternative
Return to parent-slide containing images.
Level 1 consists of the E-Slim Tablet x-13 Prototype [1.0].
Level 2 consists of Hardware [1.1], CPU [1.2], and More Items.
Level 3 consists of the Power Supply [1.2.1], Flash ROM
[1.2.2], and I/O Controller [1.2.3], all flowing from the CPU in
Level 2.
Level 4 consists of the Battery [1.2.1.1] and Charger [1.2.1.2]
(flowing from the Power Supply in Level 3) and the USB Slots
[1.2.3.1], Internet [1.2.3.2], and Touch Screen [1.2.3.3]
(flowing from the I/O Controller in Level 3).
Level 5 consists of the following components, which are the
Lowest Manageable Subdeliverables.
From Hardware (in Level 2)
Frame [1.1.1]
Cameras [1.1.2]
Speakers [1.1.3]
Antenna [1.1.4]
From Touch Screen (in Level 4)
Keyboard [1.2.3.3.1]
Touch Sensors [1.2.3.3.2]
Back Light [1.2.3.3.3]
Resolution [1.2.3.3.4]
The Level 5 components are integrated
into the OBS as shown in the following](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/chapterfourdefiningtheproject2021mcgrawhill-221118051440-3348f99d/85/Chapter-FourDefining-the-Project-2021-McGraw-Hill-All-ri-docx-17-320.jpg)
![table:FrameCamerasSpeakersAntennaKeyboardTouch
SensorsBack LightResolutionDesignCost Account1.1.4.1*Cost
AccountCost AccountCost AccountQC TestCost AccountCost
AccountCost AccountCost AccountCost AccountProductionCost
Account1.2.3.3.2.3Cost AccountOutsourcingCost AccountCost
AccountCost AccountCost AccountCost AccountCost Account
* Cost Account Number
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© McGraw Hill
‹#›
Coding the WBS - Text Alternative
Return to parent-slide containing images.[Info icon]Task
ModeTask Name1[right-pointing arrow icon]1 E-Slim Tablet x-
13 Prototype2[right-pointing arrow icon]1.1 Hardware3[push-
pin icon and question mark]1.1.1 Cameras4[push-pin icon and
question mark]1.1.2 Speakers5[push-pin icon and question
mark]1.1.3 Antenna6[right-pointing arrow icon]1.2 CPU7[right-
pointing arrow icon]1.2.1 Power supply8[push-pin icon and
question mark]1.2.1.1 Battery (more items)9[push-pin icon and
question mark]1.2.1.2 Charger (more items)10[right-pointing
arrow icon]1.2.2 Flash Rom (more items)11[push-pin icon and
question mark]1.2.2.1 I/O controller12[push-pin icon and
question mark]1.2.2.2 USB slots (more items)13[push-pin icon
and question mark]1.2.2.3 Internet (more items)14[right-
pointing arrow icon]1.2.3 Touch screen15[right-pointing arrow
icon]1.2.3.1 Keyboard16[push-pin icon and question
mark]1.2.3.1.1 Work package17[right-pointing arrow
icon]1.2.3.2 Touch sensors18[push-pin icon and question
mark]1.2.3.2.1 Work package19[push-pin icon and question
mark]1.2.3.2.2 Work package20[push-pin icon and question
mark]1.2.3.2.3. Work package21[push-pin icon and question
mark]1.2.3.3 Back light (more items)22[push-pin icon and
question mark]1.2.3.4 Resolution (more items)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/chapterfourdefiningtheproject2021mcgrawhill-221118051440-3348f99d/85/Chapter-FourDefining-the-Project-2021-McGraw-Hill-All-ri-docx-18-320.jpg)
![image1.png
P1_NoThreads.javaP1_NoThreads.javapackageThreads_Synchro
nization;
publicclassP1_NoThreads{
publicstaticvoid function1(){
for(int i=0;i<20;i++){
try{
System.out.println("function 1 is running for iteration number "
+i);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
publicstaticvoid function2(){
for(int j=0;j<20;j++){
try{
System.out.println("function 2 is running for iteration number "
+j);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args){
//main thread running both function1 and function2
function1();//call function 1](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/chapterfourdefiningtheproject2021mcgrawhill-221118051440-3348f99d/85/Chapter-FourDefining-the-Project-2021-McGraw-Hill-All-ri-docx-22-320.jpg)
![//--------------------------------------------
end of Withdraw function
}catch(Exception e){
System.out.println("Problem with the withdraw function "+e.toS
tring());
}
}
// this is the main function
// DONOT CHANGE THIS SECTION
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args){
//create thread 1 to run function 1
Thread thread1 =newThread(newRunnable(){
@Override
publicvoid run(){
while(true){
try{
Deposit(200+(int)(Math.random()*1000));//random value betwe
en 200 and 1000$
Thread.sleep(200+(int)(Math.random()*500));//random delay be
tween 200 and 500
}catch(Exception e){
System.out.println("Problem with thread 1 "+e.toString());
}
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/chapterfourdefiningtheproject2021mcgrawhill-221118051440-3348f99d/85/Chapter-FourDefining-the-Project-2021-McGraw-Hill-All-ri-docx-27-320.jpg)
![semaphore.release();
System.out.println("exit the critical section ... function 2 Locks
Released");
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args){
//create thread 1 to run function 1
Thread thread1 =newThread(newRunnable(){
@Override
publicvoid run(){
function1();
}
});
//create thread 2 to run function 2
Thread thread2 =newThread(newRunnable(){
@Override
publicvoid run(){
function2();
}
});
thread1.start();
thread2.start();
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/chapterfourdefiningtheproject2021mcgrawhill-221118051440-3348f99d/85/Chapter-FourDefining-the-Project-2021-McGraw-Hill-All-ri-docx-31-320.jpg)
![}
__MACOSX/._P4_Semaphore.java
P2_SimpleThreads.javaP2_SimpleThreads.javapackageThreads_
Synchronization;
publicclassP2_SimpleThreads{
publicstaticvoid function1(){
for(int i=0;i<20;i++){
try{
System.out.println("function 1 is running for iteration number "
+i);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
publicstaticvoid function2(){
for(int j=0;j<20;j++){
try{
System.out.println("function 2 is running for iteration number "
+j);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args){](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/chapterfourdefiningtheproject2021mcgrawhill-221118051440-3348f99d/85/Chapter-FourDefining-the-Project-2021-McGraw-Hill-All-ri-docx-32-320.jpg)
![/*
* In this question use mutex lock(s) or semaphore(s) to enab
le process synchronization
*
* Thread 1 and thread 2 share a single buffer (1D Array), wh
ere:
* thread 1 sorts the items of the buffer in ascending order
* thread 2 sorts the items of the buffer in descending order
*
*/
// shared resources between thread 1 and thread 2 are:
// DONOT CHANGE THESE VARIABLE
publicstaticintBufferSize=10;//the size of the buffer
publicstaticint buffer[]=newint[BufferSize];//the shared buffer
// add any further resources you think Ascending() and Descendi
ng()functions must share below
//--------------------------------------------
end of shared resources section](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/chapterfourdefiningtheproject2021mcgrawhill-221118051440-3348f99d/85/Chapter-FourDefining-the-Project-2021-McGraw-Hill-All-ri-docx-34-320.jpg)
![// this function simply displays the content of the shared buffer
and which thread made the call
// DONOT CHANGE THIS FUNCTION
publicstaticvoid displayStatus(){
if(Thread.currentThread().getName().equals("ascending"))
System.out.println("Ascending successfully sorted the array");
else
System.out.println("Descending successfully sorted the array");
System.out.print(" the "+Thread.currentThread().getName()+" is
displaying the content of the buffer: ");
for(int i=0;i<BufferSize;i++){
System.out.print(buffer[i]+" ");
}
System.out.println();
}
// this function sorts the shared buffer in ascending order
publicstaticvoidAscending(){
try{
System.out.println("The Ascending is trying to sort the shared b
uffer");
// Sort the buffer in ascending order
// Call displayStatus after you sort and before release the lock
// Implement the Ascending functionality in the area below](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/chapterfourdefiningtheproject2021mcgrawhill-221118051440-3348f99d/85/Chapter-FourDefining-the-Project-2021-McGraw-Hill-All-ri-docx-35-320.jpg)
![//--------------------------------------------
end of Descending function
}catch(Exception e){
System.out.println("Problem with the Descending function "+e.t
oString());
}
}
// this is the main function
// DONOT CHANGE THIS SECTION
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args){
for(int i=0;i<BufferSize;i++){
buffer[i]=1+newRandom().nextInt(9);//random value be
tween 1 and 10
}
//create thread 1 to run function 1
Thread thread1 =newThread(newRunnable(){
@Override](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/chapterfourdefiningtheproject2021mcgrawhill-221118051440-3348f99d/85/Chapter-FourDefining-the-Project-2021-McGraw-Hill-All-ri-docx-37-320.jpg)
![e is an available item in the buffer
*
*/
// shared resources between thread 1 and thread 2 are:
// DONOT CHANGE THESE VARIABLE
publicstaticintBufferSize=5;//the size of the buffer
publicstaticint count =0;//keeps track of the number of items cur
rently in buffer
publicstaticint buffer[]=newint[BufferSize];//the buffer to add d
ata into and consume data from
// add below any further resources you think the producer and c
onsumer functions must share
//--------------------------------------------
end of shared resources section
// this function simply displays the content of the shared buffer
and which thread made the call
// DONOT CHANGE THIS FUNCTION
publicstaticvoid displayStatus(){
if(Thread.currentThread().getName().equals("producer"))](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/chapterfourdefiningtheproject2021mcgrawhill-221118051440-3348f99d/85/Chapter-FourDefining-the-Project-2021-McGraw-Hill-All-ri-docx-40-320.jpg)
![System.out.println("Producer successfully added the new item t
o the shared buffer");
else
System.out.println("Consumer successfully removed an item fro
m the shared buffer");
System.out.print(" the "+Thread.currentThread().getName()+" is
displaying the content of the buffer: ");
for(int i=0;i<BufferSize;i++){
System.out.print(buffer[i]+" ");
}
System.out.println(" and the value of the count is "+ count);
}
// this function accepts an input integer item to be added to the s
hared buffer
publicstaticvoidProducer(int item){
try{
System.out.println("The Producer is trying to add the new item
("+ item +") to the shared buffer");
// Add the input item only if there is a free space in the shared b
uffer
// Producer waits until this condition is true, thus use while rath
er than if statements
// Call the displayStatus() function after you add the item and b
efore release the lock
// Implement the producer functionality in the area below](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/chapterfourdefiningtheproject2021mcgrawhill-221118051440-3348f99d/85/Chapter-FourDefining-the-Project-2021-McGraw-Hill-All-ri-docx-41-320.jpg)
![//--------------------------------------------
end of Consumer function
}catch(Exception e){
System.out.println("Problem with the consumer function "+e.to
String());
}
}
// this is the main function
// DONOT CHANGE THIS SECTION
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args){
count =0;
for(int i=0;i<BufferSize;i++){
buffer[i]=-1;//free spots
}
//create thread 1 to run function 1](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/chapterfourdefiningtheproject2021mcgrawhill-221118051440-3348f99d/85/Chapter-FourDefining-the-Project-2021-McGraw-Hill-All-ri-docx-43-320.jpg)
![publicstaticvoid function2(){
for(int j=0;j<5;j++){
try{
System.out.println("function 2 trying to acquire the lock");
lock.lock();
System.out.println("function 2 acquired the lock ... start the crit
ical section");
//critical section
count++;
System.out.println("function 2 updated the count to "+ count);
//end of critical section
lock.unlock();
System.out.println("exit the critical section ... function 2 releas
ed the lock");
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args){
//create thread 1 to run function 1
Thread thread1 =newThread(newRunnable(){
@Override
publicvoid run(){
function1();
}
});](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/chapterfourdefiningtheproject2021mcgrawhill-221118051440-3348f99d/85/Chapter-FourDefining-the-Project-2021-McGraw-Hill-All-ri-docx-47-320.jpg)
Chapter FourDefining the Project© 2021 McGraw Hill. All ri.docx
- 1. Chapter Four Defining the Project © 2021 McGraw Hill. All rights reserved. Authorized only for instructor use in the classroom. No reproduction or further distribution permitted without the prior written consent of McGraw Hill. Because learning changes everything.® Where We Are Now © McGraw Hill ‹#› 2 Learning Objectives 4-1 Identify key elements of a project scope statement and understand why a complete scope statement is critical to project success. 4-2 Describe the causes of scope creep and ways to manage it. 4-3 Understand why it is important to establish project priorities in terms of cost, time, and performance. 4-4 Demonstrate the importance of a work breakdown structure (WBS) to the management of projects and how it serves as a database for planning and control.
- 2. 4-5 Demonstrate how the organization breakdown structure (OBS) establishes accountability to organization units. 4-6 Describe a process breakdown structure (PBS) and when to use it. 4-7 Create responsibility matrices for small projects. 4-8 Create a communication plan for a project. © McGraw Hill ‹#› Chapter Outline 4.1 Step 1: Defining the Project Scope 4.2 Step 2: Establishing Project Priorities 4.3 Step 3: Creating the Work Breakdown Structure 4.4 Step 4: Integrating the WBS with the Organization 4.5 Step 5: Coding the WBS for the Information System 4.6 Process Breakdown Structure 4.7 Responsibility Matrices 4.8 Project Communication Plan © McGraw Hill ‹#› Five General Steps for Collecting Project Information Step 1: Defining the Project Scope Step 2: Establishing Project Priorities Step 3: Creating the Work Breakdown Structure Step 4: Integrating the WBS with the Organization Step 5: Coding the WBS for the Information System © McGraw Hill ‹#›
- 3. 4.1 Step 1: Defining the Project Scope Project Scope Defined Is a definition of the end result or mission of your project—a product or service for your client/customer. Defines the results to be achieved in specific, tangible, and measurable terms. Purposes of the Project Scope Statement To clearly define the deliverable(s) for the end user. To direct focus on the project purpose throughout the life of the project for the customer and project participants. To be published and used by the project owner and project participants for planning and measuring project success. © McGraw Hill ‹#› 6 Project Scope Checklist Project objective Product scope description Justification Deliverables Milestones Technical requirements Limits and exclusions Acceptance criteria © McGraw Hill ‹#› 7
- 4. Project Scope: Terms and Definitions Scope Statements Is a short, one- to two-page summary of key elements of the scope, followed by extended documentation of each element. Is also referred to as “statements of work (SOWs).” Project Charter Is a documentation that authorizes the project manager to initiate and lead the project. Often includes a brief scope description as well as such items as risk limits, business case, spending limits, and even team composition. Scope Creep Is the tendency for the project scope to expand over time— usually by changing requirements, specifications, and priorities. © McGraw Hill ‹#› 8 Five of the Most Common Causes of Scope Creep Poor requirement analysis Not involving users early enough Underestimating project complexity Lack of change control Gold plating © McGraw Hill ‹#› 9
- 5. 4.2 Step 2: Establishing Project Priorities Three major criteria (trade-offs) that a project manager has to manage are: Cost (budget) Time (schedule) Performance (scope) A project manager can manage the project trade-offs by completing a priority matrix for the project and identifying which criterion is: Constrain—original parameter is fixed. Enhance—a criterion should be optimized. Accept—a criterion is tolerable not to meet the original parameter. © McGraw Hill ‹#› 10 Project Management Trade-offs FIGURE 4.1 © McGraw Hill ‹#› Project Priority Matrix for the Development of a New Wireless Router FIGURE 4.2 Access the text alternative for slide images.
- 6. © McGraw Hill ‹#› 4.3 Step 3: Creating the Work Breakdown Structure Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) Is a hierarchical outline of the project with different levels of detail. Identifies the products and work elements involved in a project. Defines the relationship of the final deliverable (the project) to its sub-deliverables, and, in turn, their relationships to work packages. Serves as a framework for tracking cost and work performance. Is best suited for design and build projects that have tangible outcomes rather than process-oriented projects. © McGraw Hill ‹#› Hierarchical Breakdown of the WBS * This breakdown groups work packages by type of work within a deliverable and allows assignment of responsibility to an organizational unit. This extra step facilitates a system for monitoring project progress (discussed in Chapter 13). FIGURE 4.3 Access the text alternative for slide images. © McGraw Hill ‹#› How WBS Helps the Project Manager Assures project managers that all products and work elements are identified, to integrate the project with the current
- 7. organization, and to establish a basis for control. Facilitates the evaluation of cost, time, and technical performance at all levels in the organization over the life of the project. Provides management with information appropriate to each organizational level. Helps project managers to plan, schedule, and budget the project. Helps in the development of the organization breakdown structure (OBS), which assigns project responsibilities to organization units and individuals. Provides the opportunity to “roll up” (sum) the budget and actual costs of the smaller work packages into larger work elements. Defines communication channels and assists in understanding and coordinating many parts of the project. © McGraw Hill ‹#› Work Breakdown Structure FIGURE 4.4 Access the text alternative for slide images. © McGraw Hill ‹#› A Work Package Is the lowest level of the WBS. Is a short-duration task that has a definite start and stop point, consumes resources, and represents cost. Should not exceed 10 workdays or one reporting period. Should be as independent of other work packages of the project
- 8. as possible. Is the basic unit used for planning, scheduling, and controlling the project. © McGraw Hill ‹#› Each Work Package in the WBS Defines work (what). Identifies time to complete a work package (how long). Identifies a time-phased budget to complete a work package (cost). Identifies resources needed to complete a work package (how much). Identifies a single person responsible for units of work (who). Identifies monitoring points for measuring progress (how well). © McGraw Hill ‹#› 4.4 Step 4: Integrating the WBS with the Organization Organization Breakdown Structure (OBS) Depicts how the firm has organized to discharge work responsibility. Provides a framework to summarize organization unit work performance. Identifies the organization units responsible for work packages. Ties the organizational unit to cost control accounts. The intersection of work packages and the organization unit creates a project cost point or cost account that integrates work and responsibility. © McGraw Hill
- 9. ‹#› Integration of WBS and OBS FIGURE 4.5 Access the text alternative for slide images. © McGraw Hill ‹#› 4.5 Step 5: Coding the WBS for the Information System WBS Coding System Defines Levels and elements in the WBS Organization elements Work packages Budget and cost information Allows reports to be consolidated at any level in the structure. WBS Dictionary Provides detailed information about each element in the WBS. © McGraw Hill ‹#› Coding the WBS EXHIBIT 4.1 Access the text alternative for slide images. © McGraw Hill ‹#› 4.6 Process Breakdown Structure
- 10. Process Breakdown Structure (PBS) Is used for process-oriented projects. Is often referred to as the “waterfall method” in the software industry. Process-oriented project Is a project that the final outcome is a product of a series of steps and phases. Is a project that evolves over time with each phase affecting the next phase. Is a project that is driven by performance requirements, not by plans/blueprints. © McGraw Hill ‹#› PBS for Software Development Project FIGURE 4.6 Access the text alternative for slide images. © McGraw Hill ‹#› 4.7 Responsibility Matrices Responsibility Matrix (RM) Is also called a linear responsibility chart. Summarizes the tasks to be accomplished and who is responsible for what on the project. Lists all the project activities and the participants responsible for each activity. Clarifies interfaces between units and individuals that require coordination. Provides a mean for all participants in a project to view their responsibilities and agree on their assignments.
- 11. Clarifies the extent or type of authority exercised by each participant. © McGraw Hill ‹#› Responsibility Matrix for a Market Research Project FIGURE 4.7 Access the text alternative for slide images. © McGraw Hill ‹#› Responsibility Matrix for the Conveyor Belt Project FIGURE 4.8 Access the text alternative for slide images. © McGraw Hill ‹#› 4.8 Project Communication Plan Project communication plans address the following questions: What information needs to be collected and when? Who will receive the information? What methods will be used to gather and store information? What are the limits, if any, on who has access to certain kinds of information? When will the information be communicated? How will it be communicated?
- 12. © McGraw Hill ‹#› Steps for Developing a Communication Plan Stakeholder analysis—identify the target groups. Information needs—project status reports, deliverable issues, changes in scope, team status meetings, gating decisions, accepted request changes, action items, milestone reports, etc. Sources of information—where does the information reside? Dissemination modes—hardcopy, e-mail, teleconferencing, SharePoint, and a variety of database sharing programs. Responsibility and timing—determine who will send out the formation and when. © McGraw Hill ‹#› Stakeholder Communications FIGURE 4.9 Access the text alternative for slide images. © McGraw Hill ‹#› Shale Oil Research Project Communication PlanWhat InformationTarget AudienceWhen?Method of CommunicationProviderMilestone reportSenior management and project managerBimonthlyE-mail and hardcopyProject officeProject status reports & agendasStaff and customerWeeklyE-mail and hardcopyProject managerTeam status reportsProject manager and project officeWeeklyE- mailTeam recorderIssues reportStaff and customerWeeklyE- mailTeam recorderEscalation reportsStaff and customerWhen
- 13. neededMeeting and hardcopyProject managerOutsourcing performanceStaff and customerBimonthlyMeetingProject managerAccepted change requestsProject office, senior management, customer, staff, and project managerAnytimeE- mail and hardcopyDesign departmentOversight gate decisionsSenior management and project managerAs requiredE- mail meeting reportOversight group or project office FIGURE 4.10 © McGraw Hill ‹#› Key Terms Acceptance criteria Cost account Gold plating Milestone Organization breakdown structure (OBS) Priority matrix Process breakdown structure (PBS) Product scope description Project charter Responsibility matrix Scope creep Scope statement WBS dictionary Work breakdown structure (WBS) Work package © McGraw Hill ‹#› End of Main Content
- 14. © 2021 McGraw Hill. All rights reserved. Authorized only for instructor use in the classroom. No reproduction or further distribution permitted without the prior written consent of McGraw Hill. Because learning changes everything.® www.mheducation.com Accessibility Content: Text Alternatives for Images © McGraw Hill ‹#› Project Priority Matrix for the Development of a New Wireless Router - Text Alternative Return to parent-slide containing images.TimePerformanceCostConstrain X Enhance X Accept X Return to parent-slide containing images. © McGraw Hill ‹#› Hierarchical Breakdown of the WBS - Text Alternative Return to parent-slide containing images.LevelHierarchical
- 15. breakdownDescription1 [double-headed arrow]Project [downward arrow]Complete project2 [double-headed arrow]Deliverable [downward arrow]Major deliverables3 [double-headed arrow]Subdeliverable [downward arrow]Supporting deliverables4 [double-headed arrow]Lowest subdeliverable [downward arrow]Lowest management responsibility level5 [double-headed arrow]Cost account* [downward arrow] Work packageGrouping of work packages for monitoring progress and responsibility Identifiable work activities * This breakdown groups work packages by type of work within a deliverable and allows assignment of responsibility to an organizational unit. This extra step facilitates a system for monitoring project progress (discussed in Chapter 13). Return to parent-slide containing images. © McGraw Hill ‹#›
- 16. Work Breakdown Structure - Text Alternative Return to parent-slide containing images. Level 1 consists of the E-Slim Tablet x-13 Prototype. Level 2 consists of Hardware, CPU, and More Items. Level 3 consists of the Power Supply, Flash ROM, and I/O Controller, all flowing from the CPU in Level 2. Level 4 consists of the Battery and Charger (flowing from the Power Supply in Level 3) and the USB Slots, Internet, and Touch Screen (flowing from the I/O Controller in Level 3). Level 5 consists of the following components. Lowest Manageable Subdeliverables are identified with an (*); Work Packages are identified with a (#). From Hardware (in Level 2) • Frame* o WP-F1# • Cameras* o WP-C1# o WP-C2# o WP-C3# o WP-C4# • Speakers* o WP-S1# • Antenna* o WP-A1# o WP-A2# o WP-A3# From Touch Screen (in Level 4) • Keyboard* o WP-K1# • Touch Sensors* o WP-TS1# o WP-TS2# o WP-TS3# • Back Light* o WP-BL1# o WP-BL2#
- 17. o WP-BL3# • Resolution* o WP-R1# o WP-R2# o WP-R3# Return to parent-slide containing images. © McGraw Hill ‹#› Integration of WBS and OBS - Text Alternative Return to parent-slide containing images. Level 1 consists of the E-Slim Tablet x-13 Prototype [1.0]. Level 2 consists of Hardware [1.1], CPU [1.2], and More Items. Level 3 consists of the Power Supply [1.2.1], Flash ROM [1.2.2], and I/O Controller [1.2.3], all flowing from the CPU in Level 2. Level 4 consists of the Battery [1.2.1.1] and Charger [1.2.1.2] (flowing from the Power Supply in Level 3) and the USB Slots [1.2.3.1], Internet [1.2.3.2], and Touch Screen [1.2.3.3] (flowing from the I/O Controller in Level 3). Level 5 consists of the following components, which are the Lowest Manageable Subdeliverables. From Hardware (in Level 2) Frame [1.1.1] Cameras [1.1.2] Speakers [1.1.3] Antenna [1.1.4] From Touch Screen (in Level 4) Keyboard [1.2.3.3.1] Touch Sensors [1.2.3.3.2] Back Light [1.2.3.3.3] Resolution [1.2.3.3.4] The Level 5 components are integrated into the OBS as shown in the following
- 18. table:FrameCamerasSpeakersAntennaKeyboardTouch SensorsBack LightResolutionDesignCost Account1.1.4.1*Cost AccountCost AccountCost AccountQC TestCost AccountCost AccountCost AccountCost AccountCost AccountProductionCost Account1.2.3.3.2.3Cost AccountOutsourcingCost AccountCost AccountCost AccountCost AccountCost AccountCost Account * Cost Account Number Return to parent-slide containing images. © McGraw Hill ‹#› Coding the WBS - Text Alternative Return to parent-slide containing images.[Info icon]Task ModeTask Name1[right-pointing arrow icon]1 E-Slim Tablet x- 13 Prototype2[right-pointing arrow icon]1.1 Hardware3[push- pin icon and question mark]1.1.1 Cameras4[push-pin icon and question mark]1.1.2 Speakers5[push-pin icon and question mark]1.1.3 Antenna6[right-pointing arrow icon]1.2 CPU7[right- pointing arrow icon]1.2.1 Power supply8[push-pin icon and question mark]1.2.1.1 Battery (more items)9[push-pin icon and question mark]1.2.1.2 Charger (more items)10[right-pointing arrow icon]1.2.2 Flash Rom (more items)11[push-pin icon and question mark]1.2.2.1 I/O controller12[push-pin icon and question mark]1.2.2.2 USB slots (more items)13[push-pin icon and question mark]1.2.2.3 Internet (more items)14[right- pointing arrow icon]1.2.3 Touch screen15[right-pointing arrow icon]1.2.3.1 Keyboard16[push-pin icon and question mark]1.2.3.1.1 Work package17[right-pointing arrow icon]1.2.3.2 Touch sensors18[push-pin icon and question mark]1.2.3.2.1 Work package19[push-pin icon and question mark]1.2.3.2.2 Work package20[push-pin icon and question mark]1.2.3.2.3. Work package21[push-pin icon and question mark]1.2.3.3 Back light (more items)22[push-pin icon and question mark]1.2.3.4 Resolution (more items)
- 19. Return to parent-slide containing images. © McGraw Hill ‹#› PBS for Software Development Project - Text Alternative Return to parent-slide containing images. Software development project • Analysis (1) • Design (1) o Define user interface (2) o Develop technical design (2) § Define application architecture (3) § Define processing flow (3) § Design logical database structure (3) § Design system interfaces (3) o Establish quality requirements (2) o Develop detailed design (2) • Construct (1) • Test (1) • Rollout (1) Outputs: Design phase deliverables • Design document o Application architecture o Application flow o Database design o End user interface design o Workflow diagram • User documentation outline ============== Note: Numbers in parentheses indicate the following levels: (1) Level: Major phases (2) Level: Activities (3) Level: Activities
- 20. Return to parent-slide containing images. © McGraw Hill ‹#› Responsibility Matrix for a Market Research Project - Text Alternative Return to parent-slide containing images.TaskProject TeamRichardDanDaveLindaElizabethIdentify target customersRSSDevelop draft questionnaireRSSPilot-test questionnaireRSFinalize questionnaireRSSSPrint questionnaireRPrepare mailing labelsRMail questionnairesRReceive and monitor returned questionnairesRSInput response dataRAnalyze resultsRSSPrepare draft of reportSRSSPrepare final reportRS R = Responsible S = Supports/assists Return to parent-slide containing images. © McGraw Hill ‹#› Responsibility Matrix for the Conveyor Belt Project - Text Alternative Return to parent-slide containing images.DeliverablesOrganizationDesignDevelopmentDocumenta tionAssemblyTestingPurchasingQuality AssuranceManufacturingArchitectural designs12233Hardware specifications2123Kernel specifications133Utilities specifications213Hardware design1333Disk drivers312Memory management133Operating system documentation2213Prototypes5413334Integrated acceptance test522155 1 Responsible
- 21. 2 Support 3 Consult 4 Notification 5 Approval Return to parent-slide containing images. © McGraw Hill ‹#› Stakeholder Communications - Text Alternative Return to parent-slide containing images. High Power, Low Interest: Keep Satisfied (clients D and A) Low Power, Low Interest: Provide General Information (clients G and B) High Power, High Interest: Manage Closely (clients F, H, and C) Low Power, High Interest: Keep Informed (clients D and E) Return to parent-slide containing images. © McGraw Hill ‹#› image3.PNG image4.PNG image5.png image6.png image7.png image8.png image9.png image10.png image11.png image12.png image13.png image14.png image2.png
- 22. image1.png P1_NoThreads.javaP1_NoThreads.javapackageThreads_Synchro nization; publicclassP1_NoThreads{ publicstaticvoid function1(){ for(int i=0;i<20;i++){ try{ System.out.println("function 1 is running for iteration number " +i); }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } } publicstaticvoid function2(){ for(int j=0;j<20;j++){ try{ System.out.println("function 2 is running for iteration number " +j); }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } } publicstaticvoid main(String[] args){ //main thread running both function1 and function2 function1();//call function 1
- 23. function2();//call function 2 } } __MACOSX/._P1_NoThreads.java Question1_WithdrawDeposit.javaQuestion1_WithdrawDeposit.j avapackageThreads_Synchronization; import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore; import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock; import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock; publicclassQuestion1_WithdrawDeposit{ /* * In this question use semaphore(s) to enable process synchr onization * * Thread 1 and thread 2 (in the main function) share a single bank account (initial balance of 1000$). * thread 1 can deposit certain input amount to the balance on ly if the current balance is less than 2000$ * thread 2 can withdraw certain input amount from the balan ce only if the current balance is greater than or equal to the inpu t amount. * */ // shared resources between thread 1 and thread 2 are: publicstaticint balance =1000;//the initial value of the account's balance
- 24. //DONOT CHANGE THIS VARIABLE // add below any further resources you think the deposit and wit hdraw threads/functions must share //-------------------------------------------- end of shared resources section // this function simply displays the current balance of the shared account and which thread made the call // DONOT CHANGE THIS FUNCTION publicstaticvoid displayStatus(){ if(Thread.currentThread().getName().equals("withdraw")) System.out.println("The withdraw function successfully took th e amount and the current value of the account's balance is :"+ b alance +"$"); else System.out.println("The deposit function successfully added the amount and the current value of the account's balance is :"+ bal
- 25. ance +"$"); } // this function accepts an input integer amount value to deposit into the shared account publicstaticvoidDeposit(int amount){ try{ System.out.println("The deposit function is trying to add "+ am ount +"$ to the shared balance"+ balance +"$"); // Deposit the input amount to the balance only if the current bal ance is less than 2000$ // Deposit doesn't wait until this condition is true (If the conditi on is false, skip adding the amount), thus use if statements rathe r than waiting while loops // Call the displayStatus() function after you deposit the amount and before release the lock // Implement the deposit functionality, as detailed above, in the area below
- 26. //--------------------------------------------end of Deposit function }catch(Exception e){ System.out.println("Problem with the deposite function "+e.toSt ring()); } } // this function accepts an input integer amount value to withdra w from the shared account publicstaticvoidWithdraw(int amount){ try{ System.out.println("The withdraw is trying to remove "+ amoun t +"$ from the shared balance"+ balance +"$"); // withdraw the input amount from the balance only if the curren t balance is greater than or equal to input amount // Withdraw doesn't wait until this condition is true (if the condi tion is false, skip withdrawing the amount), thus use if statemen ts rather than waiting while loops // Call the displayStatus() function after you remove the amount and before release the lock // Implement the withdraw functionality, as detailed above, in th e area below
- 27. //-------------------------------------------- end of Withdraw function }catch(Exception e){ System.out.println("Problem with the withdraw function "+e.toS tring()); } } // this is the main function // DONOT CHANGE THIS SECTION publicstaticvoid main(String[] args){ //create thread 1 to run function 1 Thread thread1 =newThread(newRunnable(){ @Override publicvoid run(){ while(true){ try{ Deposit(200+(int)(Math.random()*1000));//random value betwe en 200 and 1000$ Thread.sleep(200+(int)(Math.random()*500));//random delay be tween 200 and 500 }catch(Exception e){ System.out.println("Problem with thread 1 "+e.toString()); } }
- 28. } }); //create thread 2 to run function 2 Thread thread2 =newThread(newRunnable(){ @Override publicvoid run(){ while(true){ try{ Withdraw(200+(int)(Math.random()*1000));//random value bet ween 200 and 1000$ Thread.sleep(200+(int)(Math.random()*500));//random delay be tween 200 and 500 }catch(Exception e){ System.out.println("Problem with thread 2 "+e.toString()); } } } }); //ask the threads to start running thread1.setName("deposit"); thread1.start(); thread2.setName("withdraw"); thread2.start(); } } __MACOSX/._Question1_WithdrawDeposit.java P4_Semaphore.javaP4_Semaphore.javapackageThreads_Synchro nization;
- 29. import java.util.concurrent.*; publicclassP4_Semaphore{ /* Important to note: Mutex Lock in literature uses acquire() and release() in Java these functions are lock() and unlock() r espectively Semaphore in literature uses wait() and signal() in Java these functions are acquire() and release( ) respectively */ //semaphore lock //counting semaphore with two instances, change the number of instances and track the acquire/release sequence publicstaticSemaphore semaphore =newSemaphore(2); publicstaticvoid function1(){ for(int i=0;i<5;i++){ try{ System.out.println("function 1 trying to acquire the lock"); semaphore.acquire();
- 30. System.out.println("function 1 acquired the lock ... start the crit ical section"); //critical section System.out.println("function 1 Locks remaining >> "+semaphor e.availablePermits()); //end of critical section semaphore.release(); System.out.println("exit the critical section ... function 1 Locks Released"); }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } } publicstaticvoid function2(){ for(int j=0;j<5;j++){ try{ System.out.println("function 2 trying to acquire the lock"); semaphore.acquire(); System.out.println("function 2 acquired the lock ... start the crit ical section"); //critical section System.out.println("function 2 Locks remaining >> "+semaphor e.availablePermits()); //end of critical section
- 31. semaphore.release(); System.out.println("exit the critical section ... function 2 Locks Released"); }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } } publicstaticvoid main(String[] args){ //create thread 1 to run function 1 Thread thread1 =newThread(newRunnable(){ @Override publicvoid run(){ function1(); } }); //create thread 2 to run function 2 Thread thread2 =newThread(newRunnable(){ @Override publicvoid run(){ function2(); } }); thread1.start(); thread2.start(); }
- 32. } __MACOSX/._P4_Semaphore.java P2_SimpleThreads.javaP2_SimpleThreads.javapackageThreads_ Synchronization; publicclassP2_SimpleThreads{ publicstaticvoid function1(){ for(int i=0;i<20;i++){ try{ System.out.println("function 1 is running for iteration number " +i); }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } } publicstaticvoid function2(){ for(int j=0;j<20;j++){ try{ System.out.println("function 2 is running for iteration number " +j); }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } } publicstaticvoid main(String[] args){
- 33. //create thread 1 to run function 1 Thread thread1 =newThread(newRunnable(){ @Override publicvoid run(){ function1(); } }); //create thread 2 to run function 2 Thread thread2 =newThread(newRunnable(){ @Override publicvoid run(){ function2(); } }); //ask the threads to start running thread1.start(); thread2.start(); } } __MACOSX/._P2_SimpleThreads.java Question3_SortingArrays.javaQuestion3_SortingArrays.javapac kageThreads_Synchronization; import java.util.Random; import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock; import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock; publicclassQuestion3_SortingArrays{
- 34. /* * In this question use mutex lock(s) or semaphore(s) to enab le process synchronization * * Thread 1 and thread 2 share a single buffer (1D Array), wh ere: * thread 1 sorts the items of the buffer in ascending order * thread 2 sorts the items of the buffer in descending order * */ // shared resources between thread 1 and thread 2 are: // DONOT CHANGE THESE VARIABLE publicstaticintBufferSize=10;//the size of the buffer publicstaticint buffer[]=newint[BufferSize];//the shared buffer // add any further resources you think Ascending() and Descendi ng()functions must share below //-------------------------------------------- end of shared resources section
- 35. // this function simply displays the content of the shared buffer and which thread made the call // DONOT CHANGE THIS FUNCTION publicstaticvoid displayStatus(){ if(Thread.currentThread().getName().equals("ascending")) System.out.println("Ascending successfully sorted the array"); else System.out.println("Descending successfully sorted the array"); System.out.print(" the "+Thread.currentThread().getName()+" is displaying the content of the buffer: "); for(int i=0;i<BufferSize;i++){ System.out.print(buffer[i]+" "); } System.out.println(); } // this function sorts the shared buffer in ascending order publicstaticvoidAscending(){ try{ System.out.println("The Ascending is trying to sort the shared b uffer"); // Sort the buffer in ascending order // Call displayStatus after you sort and before release the lock // Implement the Ascending functionality in the area below
- 36. //-------------------------------------------- end of Ascending function }catch(Exception e){ System.out.println("Problem with the Ascending function "+e.to String()); } } // this function sorts the shared buffer in descending order publicstaticvoidDescending(){ try{ System.out.println("The Descending is trying to sort the shared buffer"); // Sort the buffer in descending order // Call displayStatus after you sort and before release the lock // Implement the Descending functionality in the area below
- 37. //-------------------------------------------- end of Descending function }catch(Exception e){ System.out.println("Problem with the Descending function "+e.t oString()); } } // this is the main function // DONOT CHANGE THIS SECTION publicstaticvoid main(String[] args){ for(int i=0;i<BufferSize;i++){ buffer[i]=1+newRandom().nextInt(9);//random value be tween 1 and 10 } //create thread 1 to run function 1 Thread thread1 =newThread(newRunnable(){ @Override
- 38. publicvoid run(){ while(true){ try{ Ascending();//sort in ascending order the shared buffer Thread.sleep(200+(int)(Math.random()*500));//random delay be tween 200 and 500 }catch(Exception e){ System.out.println("Problem with thread 1 "+e.toString()); } } } }); //create thread 2 to run function 2 Thread thread2 =newThread(newRunnable(){ @Override publicvoid run(){ while(true){ try{ Descending();//sort in ascending order the shared buffer Thread.sleep(200+(int)(Math.random()*500));//random delay be tween 200 and 500 }catch(Exception e){ System.out.println("Problem with thread 2 "+e.toString()); } } } });
- 39. //ask the threads to start running thread1.setName("ascending"); thread1.start(); thread2.setName("descending"); thread2.start(); } } __MACOSX/._Question3_SortingArrays.java Question2_ProducerConsumer.javaQuestion2_ProducerConsume r.javapackageThreads_Synchronization; import java.util.Random; import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock; import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock; publicclassQuestion2_ProducerConsumer{ /* * In this question use mutex lock(s) to enable process synchr onization * * Thread 1 and thread 2 share a single buffer (1D Array), wh ere: * thread 1 adds item to the shared buffer only if there is a fr ee space * thread 2 consumes item from the shared buffer only if ther
- 40. e is an available item in the buffer * */ // shared resources between thread 1 and thread 2 are: // DONOT CHANGE THESE VARIABLE publicstaticintBufferSize=5;//the size of the buffer publicstaticint count =0;//keeps track of the number of items cur rently in buffer publicstaticint buffer[]=newint[BufferSize];//the buffer to add d ata into and consume data from // add below any further resources you think the producer and c onsumer functions must share //-------------------------------------------- end of shared resources section // this function simply displays the content of the shared buffer and which thread made the call // DONOT CHANGE THIS FUNCTION publicstaticvoid displayStatus(){ if(Thread.currentThread().getName().equals("producer"))
- 41. System.out.println("Producer successfully added the new item t o the shared buffer"); else System.out.println("Consumer successfully removed an item fro m the shared buffer"); System.out.print(" the "+Thread.currentThread().getName()+" is displaying the content of the buffer: "); for(int i=0;i<BufferSize;i++){ System.out.print(buffer[i]+" "); } System.out.println(" and the value of the count is "+ count); } // this function accepts an input integer item to be added to the s hared buffer publicstaticvoidProducer(int item){ try{ System.out.println("The Producer is trying to add the new item ("+ item +") to the shared buffer"); // Add the input item only if there is a free space in the shared b uffer // Producer waits until this condition is true, thus use while rath er than if statements // Call the displayStatus() function after you add the item and b efore release the lock // Implement the producer functionality in the area below
- 42. //--------------------------------------------end of Producer function }catch(Exception e){ System.out.println("Problem with the producer function "+e.toS tring()); } } // this function removes an item from the shared buffer publicstaticvoidConsumer(){ try{ System.out.println("The Consumer is trying to consume the read y item from the buffer"); // Consume one item (overwrite its value with - 1) from the buffer only if there is an available item in the buffer // Consumer waits until this condition is true, thus use while rat her than if statements // Call the displayStatus() function after you remove the item an d before release the lock // Implement the consumer functionality in the area below
- 43. //-------------------------------------------- end of Consumer function }catch(Exception e){ System.out.println("Problem with the consumer function "+e.to String()); } } // this is the main function // DONOT CHANGE THIS SECTION publicstaticvoid main(String[] args){ count =0; for(int i=0;i<BufferSize;i++){ buffer[i]=-1;//free spots } //create thread 1 to run function 1
- 44. Thread thread1 =newThread(newRunnable(){ @Override publicvoid run(){ while(true){ try{ Producer(1+newRandom().nextInt(9));//random value between 1 and 10 Thread.sleep(200+(int)(Math.random()*500));//random delay be tween 200 and 500 }catch(Exception e){ System.out.println("Problem with thread 1 "+e.toString()); } } } }); //create thread 2 to run function 2 Thread thread2 =newThread(newRunnable(){ @Override publicvoid run(){ while(true){ try{ Consumer(); Thread.sleep(200+(int)(Math.random()*500));//random delay be tween 200 and 500 }catch(Exception e){ System.out.println("Problem with thread 2 "+e.toString()); }
- 45. } } }); //ask the threads to start running thread1.setName("producer"); thread1.start(); thread2.setName("consumer"); thread2.start(); } } __MACOSX/._Question2_ProducerConsumer.java P3_MutexLocks.javaP3_MutexLocks.javapackageThreads_Sync hronization; import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock; import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock; publicclassP3_MutexLocks{ /* Important to note: Mutex Lock in literature uses acquire() and release() in Java these functions are lock() and unlock() r espectively Semaphore in literature uses wait() and signal() in Java these functions are acquire() and release( ) respectively */
- 46. publicstaticLock lock =newReentrantLock();//mutex lock publicstaticint count =0;//shared variable publicstaticvoid function1(){ for(int i=0;i<5;i++){ try{ System.out.println("function 1 trying to acquire the lock"); lock.lock(); System.out.println("function 1 acquired the lock ... start the crit ical section"); //critical section count++; System.out.println("function 1 updated the count to "+ count); //end of critical section lock.unlock(); System.out.println("exit the critical section ... function 1 releas ed the lock"); }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } }
- 47. publicstaticvoid function2(){ for(int j=0;j<5;j++){ try{ System.out.println("function 2 trying to acquire the lock"); lock.lock(); System.out.println("function 2 acquired the lock ... start the crit ical section"); //critical section count++; System.out.println("function 2 updated the count to "+ count); //end of critical section lock.unlock(); System.out.println("exit the critical section ... function 2 releas ed the lock"); }catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } } publicstaticvoid main(String[] args){ //create thread 1 to run function 1 Thread thread1 =newThread(newRunnable(){ @Override publicvoid run(){ function1(); } });
- 48. //create thread 2 to run function 2 Thread thread2 =newThread(newRunnable(){ @Override publicvoid run(){ function2(); } }); thread1.start(); thread2.start(); } } __MACOSX/._P3_MutexLocks.java Operating System - Assignment II Mutex locks and semaphores, as discussed in class, are different techniques to solve the race condition and to ensure an efficient synchronization between cooperating threads and processes. In this assignment, you will use locks and semaphores to solve several synchronization problems between cooperating threads. You can develop the required work either on your computer or on the Ubuntu VM you installed, and you can use any Java IDE you find appropriate (e.g., NetBeans, Eclipse, IntelliJ). Follow the video posted on D2L; in this video, you will create a new Java program and package before you copy a number of .java files to your project. This video shows how to use mutex lock and semaphore between cooperating threads. As discussed and shown in the video, it is important to note that:
- 49. • Mutex Lock, in literature, uses acquire() and release(). However, in the standard library of Java, these functions are lock() and unlock(), respectively. The same functionalities but with different names. • Semaphore, in literature, uses wait() and signal(). However, in the standard library of Java, these functions are acquire() and release(), respectively. The same functionalities but with different names. Task description: The files (named question1, question2, and question3) are for three different synchronization problems, with a full Java skeleton. The comments in the Java files explain in detail the required functionalities and guide you to where exactly you should place your implementation, read them carefully before starting coding. DO NOT CHANGE any already existing code (e.g., function name, variable name). • In the first question, the deposit and withdraw functions share a bank account to add a certain amount or subtract a certain amount from the balance, respectively. Use semaphore(s) to implement the synchronization. • • In the second question, the producer and consumer functions share an array of integer values to add items or remove items from the buffer, respectively. Use mutex lock(s) to implement the synchronization. •
- 50. • In the third question, the Ascending and Descending functions share an array of integer values to sort them in ascending or descending order, respectively. Use either mutex lock(s) or semaphore(s) to implement the synchronization. Implement the sorting method you find appropriate (e.g., selection sort, bubble sort, insertion sort), but don’t use collection methods/APIs (e.g., Arrays.sort). Note: the threads running the above questions are implemented to run in an infinite loop, so at some point, you may need to force-stop the program. Submission: 1. This is an individual assignment -- Cheating/plagiarism will be checked and will receive zero. 2. Your submission to the folder titled Assignment 2 under the D2L Assignments tab contains the following: a. The three java files you worked on b. One Runtime.pdf: - For each of the three java files, copy the full java code and add a clear screenshot of the output after running the code. * these are separate files within your submission, don’t submit a zip file 3. The assignment is due October 21st – 11:59pm. You can submit your assignment within 24 hours after this due date to be graded out of 50% of the assignment’s
- 51. grade. After this grace period, your late submission will not be accepted. · Identify a personal project of your choosing. This could be a family vacation, plans to clean or organize a part of your living space, etc. · For the discussion, you will use the tools provided in Chapter 4 of your textbook to provide a brief summary of your project that includes the scope of the project and at least three goals or objectives of the project.