Biology Lesson 1.4
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Grasses and grass-like plants called graminoids are the most abundant type of flowering plant, covering one third of the Earth's land. There are three main types of grasslands: steppes in semi-arid regions with short grasses, prairies with tall grasses in humid regions like the American Midwest, and tropical savannas with a dry/rainy season and some trees. Important groups of grasses include cereals like wheat and rice, turf grasses for lawns and fields, ornamental and woody grasses, and sugar cane. Sedges resemble grasses but are found in wetlands and have triangular stems while grasses have round stems.
Biology Lesson 1.4
- 1. Lesson 1.4 Grasses and Sedges Graminoids – •includes grass and grass-like plants •most abundant of all angiosperms •cover one third of the earth
- 3. Grasses and Sedges Graminoids – •includes grass and grass-like plants •most abundant of all angiosperms •cover one third of the earth •are flowering and have seeds, but flowers are not showy •are monocots – parallel veins and fibrous roots
- 4. There are three distinct types of grasslands: 1. Steppes • found in semi-arid(dry) regions • short grasses • includes Great Plains
- 5. Steppe
- 6. Three distinct types of grasslands: 2. Prairies tall grasses humid climate regions America’s Midwest
- 7. Prairie
- 8. Three distinct types of grasslands: 3. Tropical savannas dry/rainy season regions some trees with the grass includes Sudan of Africa
- 10. Important groups of grasses: 1. Cereals •most important •includes wheat, corn, and rice •forge grasses are grasses used for livestock
- 11. Cereals
- 12. Important groups of grasses: 2.Turf grasses •used for lawns, sports fields, golf courses and playgrounds •includes ryegrass, Kentucky bluegrass, etc. •two undesirable turf grasses are crab grass ( umbrella grass) and quack
- 13. Turf Grass
- 14. Quack grass and crab grass
- 15. Important groups of grasses: 3.Ornamental and woody grasses •beautify •Ex. ornamental grass is pampas grass •most common woody grass is bamboo which can grow up to 120 feet tall
- 16. Ornamental Grass
- 18. Important groups of grasses: 4. Sugar cane •grows in tropical and subtropical climates •sap refined to make table sugar – very important economically
- 19. Sugar Cane
- 20. Parts of a grass plant: roots – have fibrous roots (monocots) stolon – creeping stem that grows above the ground sheath – part of leaf that wraps around the stem
- 21. Sheath Stolon Root
- 22. Sap – the liquid in the roots, stems, and leaves of plants
- 23. There are two types of sap found in all plants: 1. phloem – food materials that flow down from leaves (sugar cane)
- 24. Two types of sap: 2. xylem – water and minerals that flow up from roots
- 26. Sedges •often mistaken for grasses •found in wetlands •how to tell grass and sedge apart ? sedges have a triangular stem and grasses have a round •famous sedges – papyrus and bulrushes
- 27. Sedge