Charles correa - housing projects

HOUSING PROJECTS BY
CHARLES CORREA
 BELAPUR HOUSING- RICHA RAJ,
1405029
 TARA HOUSING- PARVEEN
AFREEN, 1405028
 KANCHANJUNGA APARTMENTS-
AARTI RANI, 1405005

BELAPUR INCREMENTAL HOUSING
NAVI MUMBAI
RICHA RAJ
1405029

BELAPUR INCREMENTAL HOUSING
ARTIST VILLAGE,SECTOR 8, CBD BELAPUR, NAVI MUMBAI
(1983 -1986)
•A PROPOSAL FOR MASS AFFORDABLE HOUSING
IN NEW MUMBAI (NAVI MUMBAI), WHICH
DEMONSTRATED HOW HIGH DENSITIES COULD BE
ACHIEVED WITH LOW RISE COURTYARD HOMES,
BUILT WITH SIMPLE MATERIALS AT A HUMAN
SCALE.
•BASED ON CLUSTERS OF BETWEEN 7 AND 12
PAIRS OF HOUSES ARRANGES AROUND
COMMUNAL COURTYARDS, THE BUILDING DID NOT
SHARE PARTY WALLS – ALLOWING EACH FAMILY
TO EXTEND AND ADAPT THEIR OWN HOUSE
INDEPENDENTLY.
•550 FAMILIES WERE PLANNED FOR IN A 6-ACRE
AREA LIMITATION.

PLANNING SPACES
•THE PROJECT IS GENERATED BY A HIERARCHY OF SPACES. THE FIRST IS THE PRIVATE
COURTYARD OF SINGLE DWELLING USED AS A SPACE FOR OUTDOOR ACTIVITIES.
•SUBSEQUENTLY, SEVEN UNITS ARE GROUPED TO FORM A SMALL COURTYARD TOWN OF
ABOUT 8MX8M.
•THREE OF THESE HOMES FORM A MODULE OF 21 HOMES THAT DESCRIBES THE COLLECTIVE
SPACE OF THE NEXT SCALE (12MX 12M).

PLANNING SPACES
(IDEOLOGIeS)
•CORREA DISCUSSED HOUSING AND THE
IMPORTANCE OF PEOPLE TO BE INVOLVED IN
DETERMINING ITS DESIGN AND USE.
•HE ALSO EMPHASISED INCREMENTAL HOUSING
AS A CENTREPIECE TO ANY SOLUTION THAT WAS
PROPOSED FOR A PLACE LIKE DHARAVI.
•THE FOOTPRINT OF EACH PLAN VARIES LITTLE
BIT IN SIZE (45 SQ.M TO 70 SQ. M), MAITAINING
EQUALITY IN THE COMMUNITY.
•SCHEME CATERS WIDE RANGE FROM THE
LOWEST BUDGETS OF RS.20,000, MIDDLE INCOME
GROUPS RS.30,000 – 50,000 AND UPPER INCOME
RS.1,80,000.
PRINCIPLES
• INCREMENTALITY
• PLURALISM
• EQUITY
• IDENTITY
• INCOME GENERATION
• OPEN TO SKY SPACE

SERVICES
WATER SUPPLY
•THERE IS NO UGT FOR THE PROJECT.
•EACH BUILDING HAS ITS OWN OVER HEAD
TANK.
•SEPARATE UGT FOR SOME BUNGALOWS.
DRAINAGE
•SOME WATER IS DRAINED INTO THE MAIN
NALLAH.
•NO SEPARATE STP.
•CHAOTIC DRAINAGE SYSTEM.
•WASTE WATER IS DIRECTLY DRAINED INTO THE
MUNICIPAL SEWER.
ELETRICITY
•CHAOTIC ELETRIC CONNECTION.
•SUBSTATION AND METER ROOM LOCATED IN
CONDOMINIUM 1.
•NO GAS PIPE LINES.
•NO RAIN WATER HARVESTING PROJECT.
THE CENTRAL NALLAH

MATERIALS AND
CONSTRUCTION
•EXTERNAL WALLS OF BRICK.
•ROOF STRUCTURE COVERED WITH WOODEN
SINGLES.
•PLASTER OF WHITE COLOUR.
•COLOURFUL WOODEN IXTURES.
•OUTDOOR PAVING STONE BLOCKS.
•INDIVISUAL HOUSES RELY ON SIMPLE FLOOR
PLANS AND BUILDING METHODS, ENABLING
LOCAL CRAFTSMAN AND MASONS TO
CONSTRUCT THEM.
•HOMES ARE FREE STANDING, SO RESIDENTS
CAN ADD TO THEM AS THEIR FAMILIES GROW.
DRAWBACKS
•NO MAINTAINENCE PROVISIONS WERE MADE
FOR THE COMMON SPACE IN THE CENTER OF
EACH CLUSTER.
•THE RESIDENTS ARE NOT HAPPY WITH THE
CONCEPT OF PUTTING TOILET OUTSIDE THE
HOUSE.

CURRENT SCENARIO
•ONE THIRD OF THE ORIGINAL HOMES HAVE BEEN TORN DOWN AND COMPELETELY REBUILT BY
ASPIRING MIDDLE CLASSES.
•YET THE COUETYARDS AND THE COMMUNITY SPACES REMAINS INTACT, IT IS THE STRONG PIECE
OF CITY MAKING THAT HAS LASTED BEYOND THE INDIVISUAL DWELLINGS.
RECENTLY CONSTRUCTED RCC BUNGALOS
THE DILAPIDATED STRUCTURES WHICH DATE BACK TO 1970S ONE OF THE FEW ORIGINAL BUILDINGS
MULTI STORY CONSTRUCTION AS OPPOSED TO THE
ORIGINAL ARCHITECTURAL GRAMMAR

CONCLUSION
•THIS HOUSING PROJECT OFFERS QUALITY OF A LIFE OF A VILLAGE WITH THE
SOPHISTICATION OF A CITY.
•EACH CLUSTER PERMITS THE EMERGENCE OF A LOCAL COMMUNITY FEELING, WHILE
INTEGRATING EACH HOUSE TO THE WHOLE
SETTLEMENT AT DIFFERENT LEVELS. THE
HIERARCHY ITSELF IS VERY ORGANIC.
•THE COMPLEX ALLOWED PEOPLE TO MODIFY
THEIR HOUSES FREELY, WHETHER WITH A
PAINTBRUSH AR MORTAR.
“ Making housing is like a bird building its nest.
you start with a basic house, but you have to
let people change it to their own needs.”
- CHARLES CORREA

KANCHANJUGA
APARTMENTS
AARTI RANI
1405005

KANCHANJUNGA
APARTMENTS
Location- Bombay, India
Date- 1970-1983
Type- skyscraper multifamily housing
Construction material- concrete
Climate-hot and humid
No of Storeys- 32
Plot size-5260 sqm
Tower footprint- 436 sqm
FEATURES:
The tower has a proportion of 1:4
(being 21 sqm and 84 m high).
6.3 m cantilevered open space.
The central core houses shafts and
other services also provides the main
structural element for resisting lateral
forces.
The central core is composed of lifts.
The central core was constructed ahead
of the main structure by slip method of
construction, for the 1st time in India for a
multi- storied building.

LOCATION AND
ZONING:
Parking (heightened ground level)
Entrance and central core
Type A
Type A special
Type B
Type C
Type C special
Type D
Type E

SITE PLAN
• Surface parking- 20
• Basement parking- 30
• Clubhouse and pool
• A,B,C and D type apartments.
• Elevator stops at alternate floors.
• Provided for all strata of people.

CONCEPT : CLIMATE RESPONSE
•In Bombay a building has to be oriented east-west to
catch the prevailing sea breezes, and to open up the
best views in the city; the Arabian sea on one side and
the harbour on the other. But these unfortunately are
also the directions of the hot sun and the heavy
monsoon rains.
•Old bungalows solved this problem by wrapping a
protective layer of verandas around the main living
areas, thus providing the occupants with two lines of
defence against the elements.
• Kanchenjunga, an attempt to apply these principles to
a high rise building a condominium of 32 luxury
apartments of 4 different types, varying from 2-6
bedrooms each.
•The interlock of these variations are expressed
externally by the shear end walls that hold up the
cantilevers.

INNOVATIVE SECTIONS:
• By studying the section, we can
perceive that the whole structure is
almost all the way transparent.
• Because of having double height
terrace on each unit, most of the
rooms get a large volume of
natural light and air.
• Differentiated between the
external earth filled terraces and
the internal elevated living
volumes.

Type A- 3 beds, 294 sqm, 10 units Type B- 3 bed, 242 sqm, 12 units

TYPE C- 5 BEDS, 373 SQM, 8 UNITS TYPE D- 4 BEDS, 361 SQM, 4 UNITS
SERVICES
– ELECTRICAL
– PLUMBING
– STORM
WATER
DRAINAGE
– FIRE
SAFETY
DRAWBACKS
– Water
seepage
from
verandah.
– Noise from
Peddar
road.
– Structural
inapt for
the ground.

TERRACE GARDENS
•Garden terraces are a modern interpretation of the
verandah of the traditional bungalow.
•Each apartment is provided with a deep, double height
garden terrace that is oriented away from the sun so as
to afford protection from the elements.
•Its minimalist unbroken surfaces are cut away to open
up the double height terrace garden at the corners,
revealing the complex spatial organisation of living
spaces that lie within the tower, through the interlocking
form and colour.
•62.5% get the view of the harbour and remaining the
Arabian sea.
•Vibrant red and yellow colours have been used in these
balconies.

TARA HOUSING
PARVEEN AFREEN
1405028

TARA HOUSING:
• Tara Apartment is a group housing
project commissioned by Tara
Cooperative Society, the first housing
project in Delhi.
• The concept was introduced to
rehabilitate the 1947 partition affected
people who had nowhere to settle
down after their retirement from their
professional lives.
• The famous architect Charles Correa
was roped in to design a unique
architectural concept.
• Tara housing group has more than 125
units and 375 persons per hectare.
• The Tara pays deeply attention to the
inner activities which are almost
happen in the central garden and leave
the interaction of traffic behind a wall.
Location: New Delhi, India.
The project is located along
Guru Ravidas Marg Street
which leads to two big
residential areas in the North
and the South.

SITE EVALUATION:
•The building turns its back on the street to
prevent noise, dust from the high flow vehicles.
•Being staked as a row, central garden, big
overhangs and sharp edges, all give these
buildings a sense of Indian characteristic under
hot sun, full of light without suffering from high
temperature.
SOUTH EAST SECTION
A
A’
FIGURE GROUND
SECTION A-A’

INVERSE FIGURE GROUND GRADIENT:PUBLIC(LIGHT)- POROSITY
PRIVATE(DARK)
CAR CIRCULATION SLOW ROAD NETWORK MAIN SITE ENTRANCES

BUILDING:
• The duplex units are accessed
either at ground floor or second
floor levels by outdoor stair cases.
• Two kinds of flat: two-bedroom
flats- 84 sq. m(3 m wide, 6 m high
with two floors and 15 m long,
three-bedroom flats -130 sq. m.
• Each unit is provided an open
terrace which is protected by a
pergola and big overhangs.
• Two sides of the project are
connected by staircases.
TWO BEDROOM FLAT
THREE BEDROOM FLAT

EVALUATION:
• The concept of
building allows
people to access
directly to the
interior garden.
• Everyone also has
their own open-to-
sky terraces with
full filled shadow.
• By taking
advantages of sun,
wind directions and
open spaces, hence
lighting access and
ventilation to each
dwelling are
maximized.

DWELLING :
• The dwellings are grouped
into some small and
medium blocks. Some
blocks are assembled only
by two-bedroom flat, some
are combined between
two-bedroom type and
three-bedroom type. It
creates the diversity of
form but still maintains the
logic of dwellings’
functions.
• There are just 16 three-
bedroom flats so that it is
not sufficient for families
which have more than 4
members.

TWO BEDROOM TYPE:
GROUND FLOOR PLAN
•The complex is formed due to the
combination between pairs of
accommodation units.
•The second floor which is larger than the
ground one with a big overhang that
rises further approximately 6 m gives
the mixture between shadow and light.
• The duplex above is also push back
hence front of the below one is protected
too.
•In that way, the whole central garden is full
filled with shadow.
SECOND FLOOR PLAN
SECTION
DAY ZONE NIGHT ZONE
KITCHEN BATHROOM
CIRCULATION

THREE BEDROOM TYPE:
FLAT A’S GROUND FLOOR PLAN
FLAT B’S GROUND FLOOR PLAN
FLAT A’S SECOND FLOOR PLAN
FLAT B’S SECOND FLOOR PLAN
•In the shape
of “L”, this
type seems to
be difficult to
attach in the
middle of a
cluster and all
of them are
located in the
outer-most.

CONCEPT:
• A creative vernacular typology in terms of arranging and
piling the singular flat into united blocks.
• They provide thermal relief to inhabitants during the harsh
summer sun, with big overhangs over the units and a
central garden, allowing infiltration of ample light within
the units while preventing high temperatures.
PARKING LOT AND LIGHTING ACCESSIBILITY

•By separating the outside world and providing
an interior garden, the building preserves the
private life of families within.
• Only pedestrians are allowed to enter the
housing group and the parking lot features in
the back of the building.

•The project takes big advantages from natural
resources like lighting and ventilation and all
families share these features equally.
•Indian architectural elements are illustratred with
the use of concrete bands ,panels of exposed
brick, portals , overhangs and shape edges.
NATURAL VENTILATION

Charles correa - housing projects

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