Chithirai patta ulundu by kannan

rpj;jpiug;gl;lk;/(nfhilfhy ,witg; gaph; (Vg;uy;-nk)
cSe;J gahp;y; «ñ‹ð†ì ïiù ê£°ð®
ªî£N™¸†ðƒèœ
r.fz;zd;>%j;j Ntshz;ik mYtyh;> tpijg;ghpNrhjid epiyak;>
jpUth&h;.9965563563
gaW tifg; gaph;fsp;y cSe;J xU Kf;fpa gapuhFk;.
jkpo;ehl;by; cSe;J Rkhh; 3.73 yl;rk; vf;lhpy; rhFgb
nra;ag;gl;L 3.58 yl;rk; ld; cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLfpwJ. cSe;J
ngUk;ghYk; khdhthhp gapuhfTk;> fhtphp nly;lh ghrdg;
gFjpfspy; ney; jhpRg; gapuhfTk;> xU rpy ePh;ghrd trjp
cs;s ,lq;fspy; ,wit Nfhilg;gapuhfTk; kw;Wk; rpj;jpiug;
gl;lj;jpYk; rhFgb nra;ag;gl;L tUfpwJ. ngUk;ghYk; cSe;J
rhFgbapy; gpd;tUk; fhuzq;fshy; cw;gj;jp jpwd; FiwthfNt
cs;sJ. Fiwe;j cw;gj;jp nfhz;l ,ufq;fisg;
gad;gLj;Jjy; kw;Wk; jw;NghJ ntspaplg;gl;Ls;s cah;
tpisr;ry; ,ufq;fs; gw;wpa Nghjpa tpopg;Gzh;T ,d;wp
,Uj;jy;> jukhd rhd;W ngw;w tpijfis gad;gLj;jhky;
,Ug;gJ> rhpahd gaph; vz;zpf;ifia guhkhpf;fhky; ,Ug;gJ
kw;Wk; ghpe;Jiu nra;ag;gLk; etPd rhFgb njhopy;El;gq;fis
filg;gpbf;fhik MfpaitfshFk;.
NkYk; cSe;J gaphpd; tpisr;riy gy;NtW fhuzpfs;
eph;zapf;Fk;NghJk; cah; tpisr;ry; miltjw;f;F Gjpa
cah;tpisr;ry; juf;$ba ,ufq;fs; Kf;fpa gq;f tfpf;fpd;wd.
vdNt cSe;J rhFgb nra;Ak; tptrhapfs; cSe;jpy; cs;s
gy;NtW cah; tpisr;ry; juf;$ba ,ufq;fspd;
Fzhjpraq;fis mwpe;J> jq;fs; gaph; #o;epiyf;F Vw;g
,ufj;jpid Njh;T nra;J> tpij juj;jpidAk; mwpe;J

tpijj;jhy; fz;bg;ghf mjpf kf#y; ngwyhk;. jkpo;ehl;by;
,Jtiu ele;j Muha;r;rpfspd; gad;fshd b-9> tk;gd;-8>
tk;gd;-6> tk;gd;-4> Nfh-6> vBb-3> vBb-5 kw;Wk; vBb-6 kw;Wk;
bvk;tp-1 Mfpa ,ufq;fs; rhFgbapy; cs;sd. ,tw;wpy; tk;gd;-
3> tk;gd;-4> tk;gd;-6> tk;gd;-8> bvk;tp-4 Mfpa ,uq;fs; Mb>
Gul;lhrp kw;Wk; ij-khrp gl;lq;fspy; gaphpl Vw;wJ. Nfh-6 vd;w
,ufk; jkpo;ehl;by; Gul;lhrpg; gl;lj;jpy gaphpl Vw;wJ. vgpNfh-1
vd;w ,ufk; njd; khtl;lq;fspy; gUj;jpapy; CLg; gapuhf
gaphpl Vw;wJ. vBb-3 ,ufk; ney; jhprpy; ([dthp) gaphpl Vw;wJ.
vBb-5> vBb-6 ,ufq;fs; ney; jhpR ([dthp) kw;Wk; Nfhil
,witapy; (gpg;uthp – khh;r;) gaphpl Vw;wJ.
Kjd; Kiwahf gaWtifg; gaph;fis fhtphp bly;lh
khtl;l';fspy; rpj;jpiug; gl;lj;jpy; tpijf;f Jt';fpajd;
fhuzkhf rhFgog; gug;g[ fzprkhf cah;e;Js;sJ.
jkpH;ehl;oy; rpj;jpiug;gl;l cSe;jpy;; tpisr;ry; jpwid
nkk;gLj;j mjpf tpisr;ry;/ neha; vjph;g;g[j;jpwd; kw;Wk;
twl;rpiaj; jh';Fk; ,ufj;jpid njh;t[ bra;jy;/ jukhd
tpijfis cgnahfpj;jy;/ rhpahd gaph; vz;zpf;ifia
guhkhpj;jy; kw;Wk; gaph;fspd; tsh;r;rpnfw;w bjhHpy;El;g';fis
ifahs;tjd; yk; bgw Koa[k;.
rpj;jpiug; gl;lj;jpy gaphpl Vw;w ,uf';fs;
tk;gd; 3/ tk;gd; (cSe;J) 4 kw;Wk; VOo 5
tk;gd; 3
,e;j ,ufk; jkpHfj;jpd; midj;J khtl;l';fspYk; Mo
kw;Wk; g[ul;lhrpg; gl;l';fspYk;/ g[Jf;nfhl;il/ kJiu/ jpz;Lf;fy;/

njdp/ ,uhkehjg[uk;/ rptf';if/ tpUJefh;/ jpUbey;ntyp/
J}j;Jf;Fo/ nryk;/ ehkf;fy;/ <nuhL kw;Wk ; nfhak;g[j;J}h;
khtl;l';fspy; ij - khrp gl;lj;jpYk; gaphpl Vw;wJ. ,jd; taJ
65 - 70 ehl;fs;. khdhthhpapy; vf;lUf;F 775 fpnyh tpisr;rYk;/
,witapy; vf;lUf;F 900 fpnyh tpisr;rYk;/ juty;yJ. ,e;j
,ufk; k";rs; njky; nehia vjph;j;J tsuf;ToaJ.
tk;gd;(cSe;J)4
,e;j ,ufk; jkpHfj;jpd; midj;J khl;l';fspYk; Mo kw;Wk;
g[ul;lhrpg; gl;l';fspYk;/ g[Jf;nfhl;il/ kJiu/ jpz;Lf;fy;/ njdp/
,uhkehjg[uk;/ rptf';if/ tpUJefh;/ jpUbey;ntyp/ J}j;Jf;Fo/
nryk;/ ehkf;fy;/ <nuhL kw;Wk; nfhak;g[j;J}h; khtl;l';fspy; ij
kw;Wk; khrp gl;lj;jpYk; gaphpl Vw;wJ. ,jd; taJ 75 - 80 ehl;fs;.
khdhthhpapy; vf;lUf;F 780 fpnyh tpisr;rYk;/ ,witapy;
vf;lUf;F 900 fpnyh tpisr;rYk; juty;yJ. ,e;j ,ufk; k";rs;
njky; neha; jhf;FjYf;F vjph;g;g[ rf;jp bfhz;lJ.
vBb-5
62 ehl;fs; taJila ,e;j ,ufk; fhd;g+h; ,ufj;jpy;
,Ue;J Njh;T Kiwapy; cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. khdhthhpapy; xU
vf;lUf;F 1300 fpNyh kf#y; juty;yJ. ,J kQ;rs; Njky;
Neha;> NtuOfy; Neha;> ,iy njspT Neha; kw;Wk; jz;L <
jhf;Fjiyj; jhq;fp tsUk;. ,e;j ,ufk; ney; jhpR> Nfhil
,witg;gl;lk; kw;Wk; tug;G cSe;jhf gaphpl Vw;w ,ufk;.
fUg;G tpijfisf; nfhz;l ,e;j ,ufj;jpd; 1000 tpijfspd;
vil 36 fpuhk; MFk;.
tpijfspd; ey;y Kisg;g[j; jpwDf;Fk;/ rPuhd tsh;r;rpf;Fk;
epyj;ij ed;F cGJ gz;gLj;jt[k;. gaph;r; rhFgo epy';fis

fisfs;/ gaph;f; fHpt[fs; kw;Wk; fl;ofs; ,y;yhky; ed;F
gz;gLj;j ntz;Lk;. epy';fspy; mokz; ,Wf;fk; ,Ue;jhy;
Rz;zhk;g[r; rj;J 2 ld; / vf;lh; vd;w mstpy; ed;F kf;fpa
bjhGcuk; my;yJ kf;fpa bjd;id ehh;f;fHpt[ld; fye;J xnu
rPuhf epy';fspy; gutr; bra;J ed;F cHntz;Lk;.
kiHeepy';fspy; nj';fhj mstpy; epyj;ij rkg;gLj;jp rhy;
kw;Wk; ghj;jpfs; mikf;ft[k;.
tpijast[ kw;Wk; tpij neh;j;jp
 20 fpnyh / vf;lh;
gaph;fspy; mjpf tpisr;ry; bgWtjw;F tpijneh;j;jp kpft[k;
,d;wpaikahjjhFk;. tpijfs; yk; gut[k; neha;fis
fl;Lg;gLj;jt[k;;/ ntuGfy; kw;Wk; gaph;fisj; jhf;Fk;
neha;fspypUe;J ghJfhf;ft[k;/ g{";rhzf; bfhy;yp
tpijneh;j;jp bra;a ntz;Lk;. njh;t[ bra;ag;gl;l tpijapid/
xU fpnyh tpijastpw;F 2 fpuhk; tPjk; fhh;bgd;lhrpk;/ jpuk;/
g{";rhzf; bfhy;ypa[ld; fyf;ft[k; (my;yJ) xU fpnyh
tpijf;F 4 fpuhk; tPjk; oiuf;nfhblh;kh tphpo (my;yJ) xU

fpnyh tpijf;F 10 fpuhk; tPjk; Nnlhnkhdh!; g[Su!d;!;
caphpay; g{r;rpf; bfhy;ypa[ld; fye;J tpij neh;j;jp bra;a
ntz;Lk;.
 g{";rhzf; bfhy;yp tpij neh;j;jp bra;J 24 kzp neuk;
fHpj;J/ iunrhgpak; Ez;qaph; tpij neh;j;jp bra;at[k;.
jkpH;ehL ntshz;ikg; gy;fiyf; fHfj;jpy; cSe;Jg;
gapUf;bfd;W rp.Mh;.a[ 7 (my;yJ) gp.vk;.gp.v!; 47 iunrhgpak;
Ez;qaph; ,uhrpa[k; ,uhrpa[ld;/ gh!;ngh ghf;Ohpah kw;Wk;
gp.$p.gp.Mh; Ez;qaph; cu';fs; xt;bthd;wpYk; xU ghf;bfl;
(200 fpuhk;) vd;w mstpy; ed;F Mwpa mhprpf; f";rpapy;
fye;J fyit jahh; bra;J vf;lUf;Fj; njitahd
tpijast[ld; tpij neh;j;jp bra;a ntz;Lk;. Ez;qaph;
cu';fs; tpij neh;j;jp bra;j tpijfis 30 epkpl';fs;/ ½
kzp neuk; epHypy; cyh;j;jp gpd; tpijf;f ntz;Lk;.
cueph;thfk;
tpijf;Fk; Kd;/ moa[ukhf xU vf;lUf;F fPH;f;fhqk; cu';fis
epy';fspy; xnu rPuhf ,lntz;Lk;.
 jiHr;rj;J 25 fpnyh kzpr;rj;J 50fpnyh rhk;gy;rj;J 25
fpnyh fe;jfr;rj;J 25 fpnyh Jj;jehf ry;ngl; 25 fpnyh vf;lh;
 kzpr;rj;ij Ng;gh; gh!;ngl; cukhf ,Ltjdhy; fe;jfr;rj;J
jdpahf ,l ntz;oa mtrpakpy;iy.
 Mdhy;/ ilmk;nkhdpak; gh!;ngl; (oVgp) cuk; ,Lk;bghGJ
gapUf;Fj; njitahd fe;jfr;rj;ij $pg;rk; cuk; yk;
mspf;f ntz;Lk;.
 nkw;Twpa cu';fis xd;whf ,Ltjd; yk; gaph;fspd;
tpisr;ry; mjpfg;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ.

 kz;g[G cuk; - 850 fpnyh / vf;lh; vd;w mstpy; ,Ltjd; yk;
gaph;fSf;Fj; njitahd jiHr;rj;jpd; msit 50 rjtpfpjk;
tiu Fiwf;f ,aYk;.
tpijg;g[
 tpij neh;j;jp bra;J gz;gLj;jg;gl;l tpijapid ,wit
epy';fspy; 30 br.kP. x 10 br.kP. ,ilbtspapYk;/
,ilbtspapYk; tpijf;f ntz;Lk;.
ePh; eph;thfk;
ntfkhd kw;Wk; rPuhd tpij Kisg;gpw;F tpijfs;
tpijj;jt[ld; xU jz;zPUk; kw;Wk;
tpijg;g[ bra;j d;whtJ ehspYk; ePh;g;gha;r;Rjy; ntz;Lk;.
gaphpd; tsh;r;rp fhyj;jpy;/ fhyepiy kw;Wk; kz;zpd;
jd;ikf;nfw;g 7 Kjy; 10 ehl;fSf;F xU Kiw ePh; fl;l
ntz;Lk;.
ePh;g;ghrd trjp Fiwthf cs;s gFjpfspy;/ brofs;
g{f;Fk; gUtj;jpYk;/ fha;fs; tsh;r;rpaila[k; fhyj;jpYk; ePh;
gha;r;Rtjd; yk; tpisr;ry; ,Hg;igj; jtph;f;fyhk;.
gaph; tsh;r;rpg; gUtj;jpy; twl;rp ,Ue;jhy; 2 rjtpfpjk;
bghl;lhrpak; FnshiuL kw;Wk; 100 gpgpvk; nghuhd; fiuriy
,iyfspy; bjspf;f ntz;Lk;.
gaphpd; vy;yh epiyfspYk; tay;fspy; jz;zPh; nj';fhky;
ghh;j;Jf;bfhs;s ntz;Lk;.

fis eph;thfk;
tay;fspy; mjpfkhd fisfspd; ghjpg;gpdhy;/ 50 Kjy; 60
rjtpfpjk; tiu tpisr;ry; ,Hg;g[ Vw;gLk;.
vdnt/ cSe;J rhFgoapy; fisf;fl;Lg;ghL kpft[k;
mtrpak;.
tpijg;gpypUe;J 4 Kjy; 5 thu';fs; tiu fisfs; ,y;yhky;
ghh;j;Jf; bfhs;s ntz;Lk;.
 fisfisf; fl;Lg;gLj;Jtjw;F tpijj;j d;whk; ehs;
bgd;obkj;jypd; fisf;bfhy;yp kUe;ij vf;lUf;F 3.3
ypl;lh; mstpy; 500 ypl;lh; ePhpy; fye;J ifj;bjspg;ghd;
yk;/ tprpwp bjspg;g[ Kid bfhz;L bjspf;f ntz;Lk;.
 fisf; bfhy;yp bjspj;j gpd;dh; jz;zPh; gha;r;RtJ kpft[k;
mtrpak;.
 tpijj;j 20-25Mk; ehl;fspy; iff;fis xd;W vLf;ft[k;.
 bgd;obkj;jypd; fisf; bfhy;yp cgnahfpf;f Koahj
NH;epiyapy; tay;fspy; mjpfg;goahd g[y;tiff; fisfs;
,Ug;gpd;/ Faprpnyhghg;; <j;ijy; kUe;jpid vf;lUf;F 1000
kp.yp. vd;w mstpYk;/
 mfd;w ,iyf; fisfs; ,Ug;gpd; ,kh!;jpgah; kUe;jpid
vf;lUf;F 500 kp.yp. vd;w mstpYk; tpijj;j 15-20Mk;
ehl;fspy;/ (my;yJ) fisfspd; 2-3tJ ,iyg; gUtj;jpy;
bjspf;f ntz;Lk;.
 fisf; bfhy;ypfs; cgnahfg;gLj;jtpy;iybadpy;/
tpijj;j 15 kw;Wk; 35tJ ehl;fspy; iff;fis vLf;f
ntz;Lk;.

,iytHp Ez;q}l;lk;
cSe;J kw;Wk; ghrpg;gaWfspy; mjpfkhd fha;fs;
gpog;gjw;;Fk;/ jpul;rpahd tpijfs; cw;gj;jpf;Fk;/ ,iytHp
Ez;q}l;lkhf xU ypl;lh; jz;zPhpy; vd;VV 40 kp.fp. kw;Wk;
rhyprpypf; mkpyk; 100 kp.fp. vd;w mstpy; 625 ypl;lh; ePhpy;
fye;J brofs; g{f;Fk; jUzj;jpYk;/ 15 ehl;fs; fHpj;Jk;
bjspf;f ntz;Lk;.
,wit gah;fspd; tpisr;riy mjpfhpf;f/ gaW xd;lh;
cuj;jpid vf;lUf;F 5 fpnyh vd;w mstpy; fye;J g{f;Fk;
jUzj;jpy; kl;Lk; bjspf;f ntz;Lk; (my;yJ) 12.5 fpnyh
o.V.gp cuj;ij (my;yJ) 12.5 fpnyh a{hpah cuj;jpid 625
ypl;lh; jz;zPhpy;; fiuj;J gaph;fs; g{f;Fk; jUzj;jpYk;/ 15
ehl;fs; fHpj;Jk; bjspf;f ntz;Lk;
o/V/gp fiury;; jahhpf;Fk; Kiw
gaWtifg; gaph;fs; g{f;Fk; jUzj;jpy;/ 15 ehl;fs;
,ilbtspapy; 2 rjtpfpj o.V.gp fiury; (xU ypl;lh; jz;zPUf;F
20 fpuhk; o.V.gp) bjspf;f ntz;Lk;. xU vf;lh; gaph;r; rhFgof;F
625 pl;lh; o.V.gp fiury; njitg;gLfpwJ. Kjypy; 12.5 fpnyh
o.V.gp cuj;jpid 10 ypl;lh; bfhs;sst[ bfhz;l gpsh!;of;
thspapy; Cw itf;f ntz;Lk;. o.V.gp cuk; fiutjw;F VJthf
ed;F fyf;f ntz;Lk;. kWehs; thspapd; nky; bjspe;jpUf;Fk;
ePiu tofl;o vLf;f ntz;Lk;. ,e;jf; fiurYld; njitahd
mst[ ePh; nrh;j;J 625 ypl;lh; fiury; jahhpj;Jf; bfhs;s
ntz;Lk;. ,f;fiuriy ifj;bjspg;ghd; yk; tprpwpKid
bjspg;g[ bfhz;L fhiy my;yJ khiy ntisfspy; bjspf;f
ntz;Lk;.

mjpf nrjk; Vw;gLj;Jk; g{r;rp neha;fSk; mtw;wpid
vt]thW xU';fpize;j Kiwfspy; fl]Lg]gLj;JtJ
Kf;fpag; g[{r;rpfSf;fhd nrjepiy
g[{r;rpfs; bghUshjhurnrjepiy;
mRtpdp 2.5 br.kP. ePsj; jz;oy; 20 g{r;rpfs;
fha;j; Jisg;ghd;; 10 rjtpfpjk; jhf;fg;gl;lf; fha;fs;
g[s;spf; fha;g;g[G brof;F 3 g[Gf;fs;
jz;L < 10 rjtpfpjk; jhf;fg;gl;lr; brofs;
g[ifapiy btl;Lg;g[G 100 kP. thpirf;F 8 Kl;ilf;
Ftpay;fs;
jz;L ‘<’
jz;L </ rhk;gy; fye;j fUik epwKila rpwpa bgz; g{r]rpfs;
tpijj;j 15 ehl]fSf;Fs; kz;zpy; mjpf mstpy; <uj;jd;ik
,Uf;fpd;w nghJ ftug]gl]L Kl;ilfis ,Ltjhy; brofs;
,sk; gUtj;jpy; jpl]L jpl]lhf fha;e;J fhzg] gLk;. gaph]
vz;zpf;if Fiwtjhy; tpisr;ry; btFthf ghjpf;fpd;wJ.
ghjpf;fg]gl]l broapd; tP';fpa jz;L gFjpia ePsthf;fpy;
cilj;J ghh]j;jhy; rpwpa btz;ikahd fhy;fsw;w g[Gf;fSk;/
Tz;Lg] g[Gf;fSk; ,Ug]gij fhzyhk;.
nkyhz;ik Kiwfs;
tpijasit 25 tpGf;fhL mjpfk; gad;gLj;jp jz;L <
jhf;fpa brofisf; fise;J vLf;fyhk;.

™ ilkPnjhnal; 40 ,.rp. (m) ,kplhf;Fnshh;gphpl; 17.8 v!;.vy; 5
kp.yp. / fpnyh tpijf;F vd;w tpfpjj;jpy; tpij neh;j;jp
bra;at[k;.
bts;is <
 bts;is <f;fspd; jha;g]g{r]rpfs; kpft[k; rpwpait/
,wf;iffs; btz;ikahd bkGF g{r]Rfshy;
lg]gl]oUf;Fk;. taypy; jha; me;Jg] g{r]rpfspd; elkhl]lk;
tpijj;j brofspy; ,uz;L ,iyfs; tUfpd;w nghnj
bjhl';fp tUfpd;wJ.
 ,itfs; bgUk;ghYk; ,dg]bgUf;fk; bra;jtw;F
,g]g{r]rpfSf;F kpft[k; gpoj;j fj;jhp/ btz;il/ nrhah
bkhr]ir nghd;w khw;Wr] brofis gad;gLj;jpf;
bfhs;fpd;wd.
 ,g] g{r]rpfs; k";rs; njky; itu!; nehia gug]g[fpd;wd.
brofspd; Muk;g tsh]r]rpg] gUtj;jpy; itu!; Ez;
fpUkpfis brYj;jptpLtjhy; nehapd; mwpFwp
btspg]gLtjw;F 15 Kjy; 20 ehl]fs; tiu njitg]gLfpd;wJ.
 ,j;jifa neha; mwpFwp btspg]ghlhdJ ,ufk;/ kz;zpy;
,Uf;Fk; Ez;q}l]lr]rj;Jfs;/ m';ffg] bghUs;fs;/
rPnjh#;z epiy kw;Wk; ,itfspd; Tl]Lr] brayhf;fj;ij
bghUj;J khWgLfpd;wJ.
nkyhz;ik Kiwfs;
bts;is <ia fz;fhzpf;f Vf;fUf;F 10 k";rs; epw
xl;Lg;bghwpfis itf;ft[k.

; Muk;gepiy g{r;rp jhf;FjYf;F 5 rjtpfpjk; ntg;g';
bfhl;il fiuriyj; bjspf;ft[k.
; ilkPnjhnal; 30 ,.rp. 500 kp.yp. xU vf;lUf;Fj;
bjspf;ft[k;
mRtpdp
fUik epwKila mRtpdpfs; Tl]lkhf mkh]e;J rhw;iw
cwp";Rtjhy; brofspd; tsh]r]rp ghjpf]fg]gLk;. ,iyfspy;
fUk;g{rz tsh]r]rp/ njd; nghd;w jputk; goe;jpUj;jy;/ vWk;g[fspd;
elkhl]lk; nghd;wit jhf;Fjypd; mwpFwpfshFk;. ,itfs;
,iyr]RUl;L itu!; nehia gug]g[fpd;wd.
fha; Jisg]ghd;
rpwpa fUk;gGg]g[ epw ,wf;if bfhz;l jha; me;jpg] g{r]rpfs;/
,wf;ifapd; Kd; gFjpapy; miy nghd;w btz;zpw nfhLfSld;
fhzg]gLk;. g{f;Fk; gUtj;jpy; taypy; ,tw;wpd; elkhl]lj;ij
fhzyhk;. jha; me;jpg] g{r]rpfs; ,iyapd; mog]gFjpapy; mkh]e;J
Kl]ilfis jdpj;jdpna ,Lfpd;wd. btz;ikepw g[Gf;fs;
KJfpy; g[s;spfSld; fhzg]gLk;. ,g]g[Gf;fs; ,iyfs;/ g{f]fs;/
gp";Rfis gpizj;Jf; bfhz;L nrjj;ij Vw;gLj;Jk;.
nkyhz;ik Kiwfs;
fha;g;g[Gitf; fl;Lg;gLj;j g{r;rpfs; bghUshjhur; nrj epiyiaj;
jhz;Lk; nghJ kl;Lk; Vf;fUf;F Fnshh; md;l;nuhdpypg;nuhy; 20
v!;rp 60 kp.yp. (my;yJ) ,d;lfnrhfhh;g; 15.5 rj v!;rp 133 kp.yp.
cgnahfpf;fyhk;.

neha; nkyhz;ik
nth; mGfy; neha;
neha;;f; fhuzp : khf;nuhnghkpdh ng!pnahypdh
(iurhf;nlhdpah gl;lhonfhyh)
nehapd; mwpFwpfs;
 neha[w;w gaph;fs; xU taypy; jpl;Lj;jpl;lhfnth my;yJ xU gFjp
KGtJkhfnth fhzg;gLk;. neha[w;wrofs; 7 Kjy; 10 ehl;fSf;Fs;
,we;J tpLfpd;wd.
 neha[w;w broiag; gpL';fpg; ghh;j;jhy; ,jd; nth;fs; mGfpapUg;gijf;
fhzyhk;. nth;fspd; gl;il chpe;J ehh;/ ehuhf fpHpe;jpUg;gnj
,e;nehapd; jiyaha mwpFwpahFk;.
 neha[w;w broapd; jz;Lg; gFjpapy; bts;sp g{rpaJ nghd;w
btz;ikahd g{";rhz tsh;r;rpiaf; fhzyhk;.
 njhy; chpe;j gl;ilfspd; nky; kpfr;rpwpa fUk;g[s;spfs;
gjpe;jpUg;gijf; fhzyhk;.
 g{f;Fk; gUtj;jpy; neha; njhd;wpdhy; fha;fs; Kw;whky; RU';fp
fhzg;gLk;. tpijfs; vil FiwtJld;/ g[ujr;rj;Jk; Fiwe;J tpLk.;
 gut[jy; : kz;/ tpij/ fhw;W kw;Wk; ePh; yk; gutf;ToaJ.
jLg;g[ Kiwfs;;
tpij neh;j;jp
oiuf;nfhblh;kh 4 fpuhk; my;yJ Nnlhnkhdh!; @g[Surd:!; 10
fpuhk; my;yJ fhh;bgd:lhrpk; my;yJ jpuk ; 2 fpuhk; 1 fpnyh
tpijf;F vd;w mstpy; vLj;J tpij neh;j;jp bra;a ntz;Lk;.

caphpay; Kiw
Nnlhnkhdh!; @g[Surd:!; my;yJ oiunfhblh;kh tphpo (2.5
fpnyh / vf;;lh;)/ 50 fpnyh ed;F kf;fpa bjhGt[uk; (m) kzypy;
fye;J tpijj;j 30 ehl;fs: fHpj;J ,l ntz:Lk;.
,urhad Kiw
ghjpf;fg;gl;l ,lj;jpy; fhh;bgd:lhrpk; 1 fpuhk; / 1 ypl;lh; vd:w
tpfpjj;jpy; fye;J Cw;w ntz:Lk;.
rhk;gy; neha;
neha;;f; fhuzp : Vuprpgp ghypnfhdp
mwpFwpfs;
 ,e;nehia njhw;Wtpf;Fk; g{";rhzk; ,iy/ ,iyf;fhk;g[/
jz;L/ g{';bfhj;J/ gp";R/ fha; Kjypa midj;Jg;
gFjpfisa[k; jhf;FfpwJ.
 neha[w;w gFjpfspy; btz;ik epwj;Jfs;fs; ,iyfspd;
nky; gug;gpYk;/ rpy rkak; ,iyfspd; fPH; gug;gpYk;
fhzg;gLk;.
 ehsiltpy; ,g;got cUtk;/ xd;nwhblhd;W ,ize;J gpd;
gGg;g[/ fUik epwkhf ,iyg;gug;g[ KGtJk; otpLk;.
ghjpf;fg;gl;l broapd; tsh;r;rpf; Fd;wp tho tj';fptpLk;.
 ,e;neha; gp";Rfs; tpl;lgpd; njhd;wpdhy;/ gp";Rfs;
fha;g;gjpy;iy. Kjph;r;rpa[Wk; gFjpapy; bjd;gl;lhy;/ fha;fs;
rpwpadthft[k;/ RU';fpa[k; fhzg;gLk;. ehsiltpy;
ghjpf;fg;gl;l gp";R/ fha;fs; fUik epwkhf fPnH tpGe;J
tpLk.

gut[jy; : ,e;neha; xU gUtj;jpypUe;Jkw;bwhU gUtj;jpw;F
neha[w;w ,iyfs; ykhf gut[k;. bghJthf neha[w;w
broapypUe;J kw;bwhU brof;F fhw;wpd; yk; gut[fpwJ.
jLg;g[ Kiwfs;
ntg;g';bfhl;ilr; rhW 5 rjtpfpjk; my;yJ ntg;bgz:bza; 3
rjtpfpjk; ,uz;L Kiw 10 ehl;fs: ,ilbtspapy; neha;
fz:lt[ld: bjspf;f ntz;Lk; (m)
a[fypg;l!; ,iyr;rhW 10 rjtpfpjk; neha; fz:lt[ld: kw;Wk;
10 ehl;fs; fHpj;Jk; bjspf;ft[k; (m)
vf;;lh; xd;Wf;F fhh;bgd:lhrpk; 250 fpuhk; my;yJ eida[k;
fe;jfj; J}s; 2500 fpuhk; bjspf;ft[k;.
,iyj;JU neha;
neha;;f; fhuzp :
a{nuhikrp!; grpnahyp gpf;fh vd;fpd;w g{";rhzj;jpdhy;
njhw;Wtpf;fg;gLfpwJ.
 nehapd; mwpFwpfs; gaphpd; ,sk; gUtj;jpy; neha;
njhd;wpdhy; mjpfkhd mst[ ,Hg;g[ Vw;gLfpwJ.
 neha; bjhw;wpa 8 Kjy; 10 ehl;fSf;Fs; ,iyfspd;
mog;ghfj;jpYk;/ nky; ghfj;jpYk; Mu";R fye;j
JUg;g[s;spfisf; fhzyhk;.
 JUg;g[s;spfs; neha; njhd;wpa 48 kzp neuj;jpw;Fs;
brk;gGg;g[ a[hpnlhfisj; njhw;Wtpf;Fk;. ghjpf;fg;gl;l
,iyfs; RUz;L tpLk;.

 neha; jhf;fpa ,iyfs; fha;e;J cjph;e;J tpLtjhy; fha;g;g[
kpft[k; Fiwe;J tpLfpwJ.
gut[jy; : g{";rhz tpj;Jfs; fhw;wpd; yk; gutf;ToaJ.
jLg;g[ Kiwfs;
vf;lh; xd;Wf;F khd:nfhrg; - 1000 fpuhk; my;yJ eida[k; fe;jfk; -
2500 fpuhk; bjspj;J fl;Lg;gLj;jyhk;.
k";rs; njky; neha; mwpFwpfs;
 nehapd; Kjy; mwpFwpahf ,sk; ,iyfspy;; M';fh';nf k";rs;
epwg;g[s;spfs; fhzg;gLk;.
 gpd;dh; ,iy KGtJk; jpl;Ljpl;lhf xG';fw;w k";rSk;/ gr;ira[k;
fye;j gFjpfs; njhd;Wk;. rpyrkak;/ neha[w;w ,iyfs; rpWj;Jk;/
RU';fpa[k; fhzg;gLk;. ehsiltpy; k";rs; epwg;gFjp mjpfkhfp
bfhz;nl te;J rpy Jsph; ,iyfs; KGtJk; k";rshfp tpLk;.
 neha[w;w brofs; jhkjkhfp fha;g;gpw;F tUtJld; Fiwe;j
vz;zpf;ifapy; fha;f;Fk; rpy rka';fspy; fha;fSk;/ tpijfSk;
k";rshf khwptpLk;. brofspd; ,sk; gUtj;jpy; neha; njhd;wpdhy;
KG tpisr;ry; ,Hg;g[ Vw;gLk;.
gut[jy; : bgkprpah lghrp bts;is <apdhy; ,e;neha; gut[fpwJ.

neha;fspd; jLg;g[ Kiwfs;
cHtpay; Kiwfs:
 k";rs; njky; neha; jhf;Fjiy jh';fp tsuf;Toa cSe;J
(tk;gd; 1/ tk;gd; 2/ tk;gd; 3 kw;Wk; tk;gd; 4) Mfpa
,uf';fisgaph; bra;at[k;.
 ghjpf;fg;gl;l brofis 30 ehl;fs: tiu fiyjy;. tpij yk;
gut[tjhy; (,iyg;gug;g[ bespt[ neha;) tpijf;fhf
eph;zapf;fg;gl;l brofis 45 ehl;fs: tiu fisjy;
ntz:Lk;.
 neha; jhf;fg;gl;l gaph;fspypUe;J tpijf;fhf tpij
vLg;gij jtph;f;ft[k;.
 VG thpir nrhsg;gaph; - jLg;g[g;gapuhf tsh;g;gjpdhy;
er;Raphp gug;g[k; g{r;rpfis jtph;f;fyhk;.
 k";rs; xl;Lg;bghwp - 10 vz;fs; / vf;lh; tplt[k;.
,urhad Kiw
 ,kplhFnshg;hpl; 70 lgpy;a{ v!; - 5 kp.yp. / fpnyh -
tpijneh;j;jp/ nkhndhFnuhl;nlh gh!; 500 kp.yp. my;yJ
kPijy; blklhd: 500 kp.yp. / vf;lh; neha; fz:lt[lDk;
njitg;gl;lhy; 15 ehl;fs: fHpj;Jk; bjspf;ft[k;.
Þ¬ôªïO¾ «ï£Œ
,iynespT Nehia 1968-y; tpy;ypak;]; vd;gtH Kjypy;
fz;lwpe;jhH.
gaphpd; tsHr;rp epiyia nghUj;J 62 - 100 rjtpfpjk; tiu
tpisr;ry; ,og;ig Vw;gLj;Jfpd;wd.
,e;er;Raphp nts;is < kw;Wk; mRtpdp %yk; guTfpd;wd.

ghjpf;fg;gl;l nrbfspd; tpijfs; %ykhfTk; guTk;.
kw;nwhU Kiwahf ,aw;ifahfNt Neha;f;fhuzp kw;Wk;
guTk; tPjk; nghUj;J ,iynespT Neha; Vw;gLfpd;wd.
,e;Neha; cSe;J> gr;irg;gaW kw;Wk; jl;ilg;gaW Nghd;w
gapHfspy; Njhd;Wfpd;wd.
ÜP°Pèœ ð£F‚èŠð†ì ªê®èœ
 ghjpf;fg;gl;l nrbfspy; ,iyfs; nespe;J fUk;gr;ir
my;yJ ntspwpa epwj;jpy; fhzg;gLk;.
 ,iyfs; fPo;Nehf;fp tise;Jk;> nespe;Jk; fhzg;gLk;.
 ,iyfspd; Nky; cs;s euk;G gOg;G fye;j rptg;G epwKld;
fhzg;gLk;.
 ,e;j euk;G ,iyf;fhk;G tiu fhzg;gLk;. ,ilf;fZf;fs;
kw;Wk; ,iyf;fhk;Gfs; Mfpatw;wpw;F ,ilNaAs;s J}uk;
kpff; Fiwe;J fhzg;gLk;.
 ghjpf;fg;gl;l gapHfs; tsHr;rp Fd;wp GjH Nghd;W fhzg;gLk;.
g+g;gpbf;Fk; ehs;fs; js;spg;NghFk;. g+f;fs; cUkhwpAk;>
mstpy; rpwpajhfTk; ,Uf;Fk;.
 ghjpg;Gfs; mjpfkhf ,Ug;gpd; g+f;fs; tuhky; $l
Nghfyhk;.
«ï£Œ‚è£óE:Ü²MQ - ãHv è£CH
 tpij %yk; guTk; jd;ikAilaJ.
 ,e;er;Raphp nts;is < (ngkPrpah nlghrp) kw;Wk; mRtpdp
(Vgp]; fhrpgp) %yk; guTfpd;wd.
 fisr;nrbfshd b[pl;Nlhpah MHtd;rp]; kw;Wk;
mhp];Nlh Nyhf;fpah bNuf;bNal;lh %yk; guTfpd;wd.

«ñô£‡¬ñ º¬øèœ
ghjpf;fg;gl;l nrbfis mfw;w Ntz;Lk;. fisr;nrbfis
mfw;w Ntz;Lk;.
mjpfkhd tpijasT (25 fpNyh / vf;lH) cgNahfpg;gjd;
Kyk; gapHfspd; vz;zpf;if Fiwahky;
ghHj;Jf;nfhs;syhk;.
kQ;rs; epw xl;Lg;nghwpia vf;lUf;F 12 vz;zpf;if
nfhz;L mRtpdp kw;Wk; nts;is <f;fis
fl;Lg;gLj;jyhk;. g+r;rpf;nfhy;ypfshd ilkpNjhNal;
my;yJ ,kplhFNshgphpl; nfhz;L xU fpNyh tpijf;F 5
kp.yp. vd tpij NeHj;jp nra;a Ntz;Lk;.
NkYk;> nts;is < kw;Wk; mRtpdpia fl;Lg;gLj;j Muk;g
epiyapNyNa ilkpNjhNal; 0.03 rjtpfpjk;>
NkhNdhFNuhl;Nlhgh]; 1.6 rjtpfpjk;> biuNrhgh]; 1.25
kp.yp. ypl;lH nfhz;L njspf;f Ntz;Lk;.
,iytop njspg;ghdhf kpijy;b kl;lhd; 2 kp.yp. / ypl;lH
njspj;J nts;is < kw;Wk; mRtpdpia fl;Lg;gLj;jyhk;

nehr;rp ,iyr;rhiw 10 rjk; vd tpijj;j 15 Mk; ehs;> 30
Mk; ehs; njspf;f Ntz;Lk; kw;Wk; Njitg;gl;lhy; 45 Mk;
ehs; njspf;fyhk; my;yJ
Ntg;g ,iyr;rhW 5 kp.yp. / ypl;lH my;yJ Ntg;g vz;nza; 3
kp.yp. / ypl;lH nfhz;L njspf;f Ntz;Lk;
xU';fpize;j gaph;g;; ghJfhg;g[ Kiwfs;
 nfhil cHt[ yk; Tl;Lg;g[Gf;fis mspj;jy;.
 k";rs; njky; neha; jhf;Fjiy jh';fp tsuf;Toa cSe;J
,uf';fshd tk;gd; 4 kw;Wk; tk;gd; 6 gaph; bra;ayhk;. v bts;is </
mRtpdpia ftu k";rs; xl;L bghwp mikf;fyhk;.
 1 fpnyh tpijf;F ilkPnjhnal; 40 ,.rp 5 kp.yp. vd;w mstpy; tpij
neh;j;jp bra;J jz;L < jhf;Fjiyf; fl;Lg;gLj;jyhk;.
 Vf;fUf;F Ie;J ,d fth;r;rpg; bghwp mikj;J gr;ir fha;g;g[G
elkhl;lj;ij fz;fhzpf;fyhk;.
 Vf;fUf;F ,UgJ gwitj; jh';fpfs; mikj;J ,iu tpG';fpfis
Cf;Ftpj;J g{r;rp jhf;Fjiy Fiwf;fyhk;.
 Koe;jtiu fha;g;g[Gf;fs; kw;Wk; g{ tz;Lfis nrfhpj;J mHpj;jy;.
 gr;irf;fha; g[G nrjk; kl;Lk; ,Ug;gpd; Vf;fUf;F 100 vy;., vd;gptp
fiury; bjspj;J fl;Lg;gLj;jyhk;.
 Ie;J rj ntg;g';bfhl;ilf; fiuriy g{ kw;Wk; fha; gpof;Fk;
jUzj;jpy; bjspj;jy; ntz;Lk;.
 kPijy;blkl;lhd; 25 ,.rp (m) ilkPnjhnal; 30 ,.rp 500 kp.yp. / vf;lh;
vd;w mstpy; bjspj;J rhW cwp";Rk; g{r;rpfis fl;Lg;gLj;jyhk;.

fha;fs; 80 rjk; Kjph;r;rp mile;jt[ld; brofis
mWtil bra;J btapypy; fhaitj;J ifapdhnyh my;yJ
,ae;jpu';fis itj;njh kzpfisg; gphpj;J vLf;f ntz;Lk;.

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