Chris Auricht - Agriculture Productivity Drivers
Download as PPTX, PDF0 likes682 views
This document discusses agriculture productivity drivers in Eastern and Southern Africa. It identifies key drivers such as population growth and density, poverty and hunger levels, natural resources and climate, access to energy, development of markets and trade, availability of information and education levels. These drivers shape the evolution of farming systems in the region. The document argues for a better understanding of differentiated farming systems and households to inform interventions that can foster innovation, boost adoption of new practices, and ultimately increase productivity and food security.
![3
Hunger, Poverty & Productivity
Spatial Covariates/Proxies & Analytical Flow
Terrain,
Production Production Interventions/ Linkage to
Demography,
Environment & Systems & Responses Macro
Infrastructure,
Constraints Performance Models
Admin Units
7
Maize
Yield
Potential 6
t[DM]/ha
5
4
3
2
40
1 30
20
0 10
Irrigation
0
100 Threshold
80 NA % of Available
60
40
Fertilizer Application Rate 20 Soil Water
0
kg[N]/ha
Settlements, ports,costs & Diseases Value of Distribution Rainfed
Slope, travel times markets
Port travel times & PestsAgroecological& Crop Suitability: & Yieldssmall of Welfare Benefits
MarketAdministrativenetworks extent ZonesProductionSystems of of Nutrientsirrigation
Road, rail, river, ICTCroplandIncidence intensityBorer) Quantity Person
Elevation
aspect, drainage
& Units
Drought RunoffCrop Farming per Rural Management, CC
costs (MaizeYield Responses Distribution scale Removed
& Severity
Stem Profitability
to Inputs, Aggregate to FPUs
Fertilizer Profitability
Wheat
Source: HarvestChoice 2010](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/aurichtdrivers10sep2012-121009203124-phpapp01/85/Chris-Auricht-Agriculture-Productivity-Drivers-3-320.jpg)
Chris Auricht - Agriculture Productivity Drivers
- 1. Food Nutrition in Eastern and Southern Africa Agriculture Productivity Drivers Christopher Auricht Australian International Food Security Centre (AIFSC) 10th September 2012, Nairobi
- 2. Figure 4: Cattle Buffalo and Pig Population Density Per 100 People 1. Agriculture Productivity Drivers in 1998/99, Based on District Data Cattle Pigs Buffalo Characteristics of the region Resources Population, crops and livestock
- 3. 3 Hunger, Poverty & Productivity Spatial Covariates/Proxies & Analytical Flow Terrain, Production Production Interventions/ Linkage to Demography, Environment & Systems & Responses Macro Infrastructure, Constraints Performance Models Admin Units 7 Maize Yield Potential 6 t[DM]/ha 5 4 3 2 40 1 30 20 0 10 Irrigation 0 100 Threshold 80 NA % of Available 60 40 Fertilizer Application Rate 20 Soil Water 0 kg[N]/ha Settlements, ports,costs & Diseases Value of Distribution Rainfed Slope, travel times markets Port travel times & PestsAgroecological& Crop Suitability: & Yieldssmall of Welfare Benefits MarketAdministrativenetworks extent ZonesProductionSystems of of Nutrientsirrigation Road, rail, river, ICTCroplandIncidence intensityBorer) Quantity Person Elevation aspect, drainage & Units Drought RunoffCrop Farming per Rural Management, CC costs (MaizeYield Responses Distribution scale Removed & Severity Stem Profitability to Inputs, Aggregate to FPUs Fertilizer Profitability Wheat Source: HarvestChoice 2010
- 4. Figure 4: Cattle Buffalo and Pig Population Density Per 100 People 2. Broad directions and drivers in 1998/99, Based on District Data Cattle Pigs Buffalo OPPORTUNITY COSTS of resources (especially land) and labour shape farm household decision making and evolution of systems (Binswanger, Pingali) In turn these are influenced by: • population, hunger and poverty • natural resources and climate • technology and science • energy • markets and trade • information and human capital • institutions and policies
- 5. Figure 4: Cattle Buffalo and Pig Population Density Per 100 People Drivers – population, hunger, poverty in 1998/99, Based on District Data Cattle Pigs Buffalo Gradual increase of population for centuries, until 1950, then rapid increase; + 30 percent over past decade (with shocks from disease and famine) Urbanisation Distribution of hunger and poverty (maps) Incomes/livelihood portfolios Gender
- 6. Figure 4: Cattle Buffalo and Pig Population Density Per 100 People Driver – natural resources, climate in 1998/99, Based on District Data Cattle Pigs Buffalo Claims of ample resources, but Limited water so far exploited Degradation Closing of quality land frontier Rapid deforestation Climate change – precipitation, temperature; variability/risk)
- 7. Figure 4: Cattle Buffalo and Pig Population Density Per 100 People Driver – energy in 1998/99, Based on District Data Cattle Pigs Buffalo Limited growth in energy inputs (refer Binswanger, Pingali; McIntyre) Linkages/correlations oil, fertilizer and food prices Intensification requires energy Local/renewable options?
- 8. Figure 4: Cattle Buffalo and Pig Population Density Per 100 People Drivers – markets, trade in 1998/99, Based on District Data Cattle Pigs Buffalo Spread of agricultural markets/infrastructure Poor but improving market integration Vertical integration especially in high potential Foreign capital Past focus on exports; growing potential for regional trade
- 9. Figure 4: Cattle Buffalo and Pig Population Density Per 100 People Driver – information, human capital in 1998/99, Based on District Data Cattle Pigs Buffalo New knowledge is essential for households to make good decisions on adoption, marketing adjustments, ... (capacity building) Good example, Kenya ...
- 10. Figure 4: Cattle Buffalo and Pig Population Density Per 100 People 3. Farming systems - informed interventions in 1998/99, Based on District Data Cattle Pigs Buffalo Many assessments of African resource management, commodity and agricultural sector, but … Low productivity and rural food insecurity and poverty persist Strong differentiation of farming systems and farm-households’ potentials and needs Understanding farm-household decision making for essential for fostering innovation and accelerating adoption/adjustment (Source: Dixon 2005)