CLASSICAL MUSIC.ppt
- 2. Classical Characteristics: *Also referred to as Age of Enlightenment or Age of Reason. *Aristocracy: noble members supported the musicians *Described as elegant, formal, and restrained.
- 3. Classical Music Forms: SONATA: *came from the Latin word “sonare” which means an extended instrumental for the piano or solo instrument *it has three movements Allegro – fast movement Adagio – slow movement Rondo – featuring main theme which returns several times between other themes.
- 4. Classical Music Forms: *THREE MAIN SECTIONS OF THE SONATA Exposition – themes are presented Development – themes are treated in new ways or are developed, or modulated to new keys. Recapitulations – the themes return
- 5. Classical Music Forms: CONCERTO: *It is a sonata for a solo instrument and orchestra; solo instrument can be a piano, violin, trumpet or any instrument to show the virtuosity of the performer. *It is composed of three movements: I - Fast II- Slow III-Fast
- 6. Classical Music Forms: SYMPHONY: *It is a sonata for orchestra *It is regarded as the central form of orchestral composition. *Symphony is derived from “sinfonia”—any piece of music for a group of instruments, overtures and orchestral interludes in many of the earliest operas were often designated as sinfonias.
- 7. Classical Music Forms: SYMPHONY: *FOUR MOVEMENTS OF CLASSICAL SYMPHONY I – Fast and lively – sonata allegro form in duple meter II – Slow – andante, theme and variations , rondo form III – Fast – minute dance style , in triple meter IV – Brilliant or heroic fast – sonata form or rondo form, usually in duple meter.
- 8. Classical Music Forms: OPERA: *Opera is a musical dramatic work in which actors sing some or all of their parts; a union of music, drama, and spectacle, with music normally playing a dominant role. *Two kinds of Opera: Opera Seria- a serious opera similar to the opera inherited from the Baroque period whose themes are Greek heroes, god and goddesses. Opera Buffa – a comic opera, full of fun, silly and not serious.
- 9. THREE BIG COMPOSERS OF THE TIME WERE HAYDN, MOZART, AND BEETHOVEN.
- 11. Franz Joseph Haydn: (1732-1809) An Austrian composer, recognized as a dominant force in the development of musical style of the Classical era. Known as the “Father of the Symphony Orchestra’ and “Father of the String Quartet”. At age 8, was accepted into choir school at St. Stephen’s Cathedral in Vienna. In 1755 was engaged briefly by Baron Karl Joseph Von Fornberg where he wrote his string quartets. Year 1759 he became music director of Count Ferdinand Maximilian Von Morzin. 1761, most of his creative life was spent in the service of the Esterhazy family, the richest and powerful of the Hungarian noble families, writing music pieces for their needs, and desires.
- 12. Franz Joseph Haydn: (1732-1809) His final works, mostly sacred music for his patron culminated in two large oratorios, The Creation (1798) and The Seasons (1801) reflect his love for nature. Haydn helped transform the genre from little more than a string divertissements to a type of chamber music in which all parts play an equal role. Haydn met the composer Mozart in 1781. Haydn acknowledged Mozart’s superiority as a writer of opera and Mozart admitted he learned much from Haydn’s ability of composing instrumental music.
- 13. Haydn’s Works: Symphony No.9 in G Major “Oxford ” Symphony No. 100 in G major “Military” Symphony No. 94 in G Major “Surprise” String Quartet in D Minor, Op. 76 No. 2 “Quintet” Sacred vocal music including 14 masses Orchestra music including over 100 symphonies Concertos for violin, cello, harpsichord and trumpet Dramatic music, including 40 sonatas, folk song arrangements
- 15. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: (1756-1791) Known as the “Greatest Musical Genius of All Time”. A centrally known important Austrian composer of the Classical Era, and one of the most inspired composers in the Western Musical tradition. He was a child prodigy and was already composing music and playing the violin and harpsichord at the age of six. At age 13, he had written sonatas, concertos, symphonies, religious work and operas. His vocal works consists merely of church music and operas. In 1796 Mozart was appointed concert master to the Arch. of Salzburg, later the same year at La Scala, Milan the chevalier of the Order of the Golden Spur by the Pope. He died in Vienna on December 5, 1791. His burial was attended by only his friends and his grave was unmarked. Mozart’s creative methods were extraordinary. He almost invariably thought out a complete work before writing it down on paper.
- 16. Mozart’s Works: Operas including the Indomeneo (1781) The Marriage of Figaro (1786) Don Giovanni (1787) The Magic Flute (1791) Concertos including 27 for piano, 5 for violin, concertos for clarinet, oboe, French horn, bassoon, flute and harp, Ex.”Serenade in G major”, “Piano Sonata No. 11 in A major” Choral music including 18 masses, the Requiem K. 626 incomplete (1791) and the other liturgical music. Chamber music
- 18. Ludwig Van Beethoven: (1770-1827) German composer, born to a family of musicians and studied music at an early age, his strict father encouraged him to work hard, practicing the piano and the violin. He was a talented pianist and composer and was recognized as the “Prince of All Composers”. He is after described by musicians as a “great straddling two styles” the Classical and the Romantic. In the middle of his life, he was almost totally deaf and had yet to produce his profound works.
- 19. Ludwig van Beethoven’s Works Symphony No. 5 in C minor Symphony No. 9 in D minor “choral” Piano Sonata no. 14 in C # major “Moonlight Sonata” Orchestra music including 9 Symphonies Concertos including 5 for piano, 1 for violin, and 1 triple Concertos (piano, violin & cello) 12 piano sonatas Opera “Fidelio” (1805) Choral music, including “Missa Solemnis”