Classification of airport
- 1. CLASSIFICATION OF AIRPORT RHTA MODULE : 4 By: ISMAIL QUBAIS
- 2. WHAT IS AN AIRPORT? • An airport is a location where aircraft such as airplanes take off and land. • It is a facility where passengers connect from ground transportation to air transportation. • Aircraft may also be stored or maintained at an airport. • An airport should have runway for takeoffs and landings, buildings such as hangars and terminal buildings.
- 3. AIRPORTS ARE CLASSIFIED INTO DIFFERENT TYPES 1) Based on Take-off & Landing 2) Based on Aircraft approach speed. 3) Based on Function. 4) Based on Geometric Design. 5) Based on aircraft wheel characteristics.
- 4. 1. BASED ON TAKE-OFF & LANDING Aircraft can have different ways to take off and land. Conventional airplanes accelerate along the ground until sufficient lift is generated for takeoff, and reverse the process to land. Some airplanes can take off at low speed, this being a short takeoff. a) Conventional Take-Off and Landing Airport (CTOL) • Runway Length > 1500 m b) Reduced Take-Off and Landing Airport (RTOL) • Runway Length 1000 to 1500 m c) Short Take-Off and Landing Airport (STOL) • Runway Length 500 to 1000 m d) Vertical Take-Off and Landing Airport (VTOL) • Operational area 25 to 50 sq m.
- 5. 2. BASED ON AIRCRAFT APPROACH SPEED. An aircraft approach category is a grouping differentiating aircraft based on the speed at which the aircraft approaches a runway for a landing. Approach Category A B C D Approach Speed (knots) < 91 91 – 120 120 – 140 141 – 165 >165
- 6. 3. BASED ON FUNCTION. a) Civil Aviation It is one of two major categories of flying, representing all non-military aviation, both private and commercial. • Domestic A domestic airport is an airport that handles only flights within the same country. Domestic airports do not have customs and immigration facilities. • International An international airport is an airport with customs and border control facilities enabling passengers to travel between countries. b) Military Aviation Military aviation is the use of military aircraft and other flying machines for the purposes of conducting or enabling aerial warfare, including national airlift capacity to provide logistical supply to forces stationed in a theater or along a front.
- 7. 4. BASED ON GEOMETRIC DESIGN. • Properly designed airport geometry provides optimum efficiency in traffic operation with maximum safety. • Geometric design of runway is considered as the major part of the design of runway. Airport Type Basic Runway Length (m) Width of Runway Pavement (m) Maximum Longitudinal Grade (%) Maximum Minimum A Over 2100 2100 45 1.5 B 2099 1500 45 1.5 C 1499 900 30 1.5 D 899 750 22.5 2.0 E 749 600 18 2.0
- 8. 5. BASED ON AIRCRAFT WHEEL CHARACTERISTICS. • Aircraft wheels are an important component of a landing gear system. With tires mounted upon them, they support the entire weight of the aircraft during taxi, takeoff, and landing. The typical aircraft wheel is lightweight, strong, and made from aluminum alloy. Some magnesium alloy wheels also exist. Code No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Single Isolated WheelLoad (kg) 45000 34000 27000 20000 13000 7000 2000 Tyre Pressure (kg/cm2) 8.5 7.0 7.0 7.0 6.0 5.0 2.5