Classification of edentulous arches.ppt

Classification Of
Partially Edentulous
Arches
1

Introduction…..
 In the early 1900s, dental practioners began devising methods for the
classification of partially edentulous arches.
 Several methods of classification of partially edentulous arches have
been proposed and are in use.
 The most familiar classifications are those originally proposed by
Kennedy, Cummer and Bailyn
2

Need for
Classification
 To formulate a good treatment plan
 To anticipate the difficulties commonly to occur
for the particular design
 To communicate with a professional about a case
 To design the denture according to the occlusal
load usually expected for a particular group.
3

Requirements for a
Classification
 A classification must satisfy the following
norms:
-Allow visualization of the type of partially
edentulous arch that is being considered
-Allow differentiation between tooth-supported and
tooth-tissue supported partial denture
-Serve as a guide to the type of design to be used
-Be universally accepted
4

Kennedy Classification System
 Most widely used method proposed by Dr Edward Kennedy of New
York in 1923.
 Unlike Cummer, Kennedy classified partially edentulous arches and
not the denture.
 Kennedy classified partially edentulous arches according to the
position and numbers of edentulous area into four classes
6

 Class 1 arch: Bilateral edentulous areas located posterior to the
remaining natural teeth. Bilateral posterior edentulous areas
 Class 2 arch: Unilateral edentulous area located posterior to the
remaining natural teeth. Unilateral posterior edentulous area
 Class 3 arch: Unilateral edentulous area with natural teeth both
anterior and posterior to it/ Unilateral edentulous area
bounded by remaining tooth/teeth
 Class 4 arch: A single, bilateral edentulous area located anterior
to the remaining natural teeth must cross the dental midline.
7

Kennedy Class I
8
 CLASS I - Bilateral Posterior Edentulous Area/ Bilateral edentulous areas
located posterior to the remaining natural teeth

Kennedy Class II
 Unilateral Posterior Edentulous
Area/
 Unilateral edentulous area located
posterior to the remaining natural
teeth
9

Kennedy Class III
10
CLASS III –
Unilateral edentulous area bounded by remaining tooth/teeth
unilateral

Kennedy Class IV
11
A single, bilateral edentulous area located anterior to the remaining natu
must cross the dental midline.

Rules;
Modifications Proposed By Dr. O.C.
Applegate
1
2

Rules Governing the Application of the
Kennedy Method
Rule 1
 Classification should follow rather than precede any extraction
of teeth that might alter the original classification.
1
3

Rules Governing the Application of the Kennedy
Method
Rule 2
If a third molar is missing and not to be replaced, it is not considered in the
classification.
1
4

Method
Rule 3
If a third molar is present and is to be used as an abutment, it
is considered in the classification.
1
5

Method
Rule 4
If a second molar is missing and is not to be replaced, it is not considered in
the classification (e. g., if the opposing second molar is likewise missing and is
not to be replaced).
1
6

Method
Rule 5
The most posterior edentulous area or areas Always determines the class
1
7

Kennedy Method
Rule 6
Edentulous areas other than those determining the
classification are referred to as modification
spaces and are designated by their number.
a. Anterior space - A
b. Posterior space - P
1
8

Kennedy Method
Rule 7
The extent of the modification is not considered, only the
number of additional edentulous areas
1
9

Kennedy Method
Rule 8
There can be no modification areas in Class IV
arches. (Other edentulous areas lying posterior to
the single bilateral areas crossing the midline
would instead determine the classification )
 Only Class I, II and III may have modifications. The length of
the modification edentulous space, i.e. the number of missing
teeth or number of prosthetic teeth to be used on the denture,
is not considered
2
0

Classification With Modification Areas 2
1
CLASS II-P

Classification With Modification Areas
22
CLASS II-A-2P

Examples …. 2
3
Class I Mod. 1A Class III Mod. 1A

Examples …. 2
4
Class III Mod. 1P
Class III Mod. 1A, 1P
Class II Mod. 1P

APPLEGATE'S ADDITIONS
 Class V
 A unilateral tooth bounded edentulous
area where the anterior tooth is weak
(e.g a lateral incisor) and incapable of
providing support for the RPD
 It is basically a class III situation where
the anterior abutment cannot be used for
any support. Hence, it cannot be treated
like a conventional class III edentulous
space
25

APPLEGATE'S ADDITIONS
 Class VI A unilateral
tooth bounded
edentulous area which
should be restored with
a FPD
26

Points to Remember
 Class I arches are most common and Class IV are least
common.
 Class I and Class II, long span Class III and IV partial
dentures are tooth-tissue supported prosthesis.
 Short span Class III and IV are tooth-supported partial
dentures.
2
8

Introduction
 The classification of RPDs
 Many systems of classification have been suggested.
 Two general and widely accepted systems of classifying RPDs
are described
3
6

The various classifications
 Classification Based On Major Connector Material
 Classification Based On Support
3
7

Classification Based On Major
Connector Material
 The major connector is that part of a RPD which connects
components on one side of the arch to those on the other
side.
 Classified into:
 Metal frame work RPD (Definitive)
 Acrylic RPD (Interim)
3
8

Classification Based On
Support
 There are three types of RPDs or partially edentulous
arches based on the tissue(s) which provide support.
 Support is the resistance to movement of the denture
toward the edentulous ridge.
 This is a simple classification system and very meaningful
because the principles of RPD design
3
9

RPDs maybe
Tooth supported,
Tissue supported, and
Tooth-tissue supported
40

Classification of edentulous arches.ppt

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