Classification of microorganisms
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This document classifies and describes different types of microorganisms including viruses, protozoa, bacteria, fungi, and algae. It provides information on their size, structure, habits, nutrition, and methods of reproduction. Viruses are the smallest and can only replicate inside host cells. Protozoa are unicellular organisms that live in bodies of living things and damp environments. Bacteria come in various shapes and sizes from 0.2 to 10 micrometers and reproduce through binary fission or conjugation. Fungi can be unicellular or multicellular, feed by absorbing nutrients, and reproduce sexually or asexually. Algae are mostly aquatic, photosynthetic, and range in size from 1 micro
Classification of microorganisms
- 2. MICROORGANISMS Microorganisms are they organisms and can seen only under microscope. They are called as microbes. Found in surrounding of air, water, soil, other object and in the bodies of other organisms.
- 3. CLASSIFICATION OF MICROORGANISMS BY THEIR CHARACTERISTICS: FORM. SIZE. HABITS. NUTRITION . METHODS OF REPRODUCTION.
- 5. VIRUSES Smallest microorganisms. Visible under electron microscope. Different types of Viruses have different shapes. Typical size is 100 nm.
- 6. STRUCTURE OF VIRUSES • Basically has a standard of genetic material either DNA or RNA and surrounded by protein coat.
- 8. HABITS OF VIRUSES • A Viruses is a microorganisms that can replicate only inside the cell of ahost organisms.
- 9. NUTRITION Viruses does not take in nutrients and they do not grow and increase in biomass in the normal way that we think of a plant, a bacterium of an animal increase in size by uptake of nutrients. They simply replicate by hijacking all the machinery within another cell.
- 10. METHODS OF REPRODUCTION • Virus reproduce by replication there they are two processes used by Viruses to replicate: the litic cycle and lysogenic cycle.some Viruses reproduce using both methods. While others only use the litic cycle.
- 11. PROTOZOA PROTOZOA IS A UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS. IT SIZE: 5 ŲM TO 250 ŲM. SHAPE: VARIOUS TYPE OF AROUND, SPHERICAL,SPINDLE- SHAPED.
- 13. HABITS OF PROTOZOA • Live in the bodies of living things, in the sea, fresh water and damp soil.
- 14. NUTRITION OF PROTOZOA Most of them are parasitic and feed on other living things. Some of Protozoa which contains chlorophyll carry out photosynthesis.
- 15. METHODS OF REPRODUCTION Most reproduce asexually by binary fission. Some Protozoa reproduce sexually.
- 16. BACTERIA • Bacteria are unicellular organisms. Belonging to the prokaryotes
- 17. SIZE OF BACTERIA Tiny unicellular organisms. Size 0.2 ųm to 10.0 ųm. Named and classified by their shapes.
- 18. SHAPES OF BACTERIA Cocci - spherical Bacteria. Spirilla – spiral Bacteria. Bacilli - Rod shaped Bacteria. Vibrior - Comma shaped Bacteria .
- 20. HABITS OF BACTERIA Classified as living things. Live in the air, water , soil, food and decaying organic matter. Able to survive the unfavorable environment condition.
- 21. NUTRITION OF BACTERIA Different types of then obtain Nutrients in the different ways. Autotropic Bacteria. Parasitic Bacteria.
- 22. METHOD REPRODUCTION A sexual – Binary fission, spores. Sexual - conjugation transferring DNA to another bacterium through conjugation tube.
- 23. FUNGI It is eukaryotic organisms. Type: unicellular (Yeast) / Multicellular (Mucor). Range: 10 ųm to 100 ųm. Shape: Have various shaped sizes.
- 25. HABITS OF FUNGI Most grow on land environment, but several live only in aquatic habitats. Most fungi live in either soil or dead matter. Do not have chlorophyll.
- 26. NUTRITION OF FUNGI Fungi get their nutrition by obsorbing organic compounds from the environment. Fungi are heterotropic.
- 27. METHODS OF REPRODUCTION Asexual – Fragmentation, fission and budding. Sexual - Formation of spores.
- 28. ALGAE Algae is a single called organisms, there are green, red, brown, purple, etc,,.. It can produce food from the sun. It is grow the aquatic life. It grows mostly in ponds or in moist ditches.
- 29. SIZE OF ALGAE Can be unicellular plants. Size 1 ųm to 10000 ųm. Single cell – Spherical, rod, spindle shaped. Algal pigments - chlorophyll, carotenoid, phycobilins.
- 31. HABITS OF ALGAE M I C R O S C O P I C AL G AE L I V E I N F R E S H WAT E R , S E A WAT E R , O N T H E B AR K S O F T R E E S .
- 32. NUTRITION OF ALGAE SOME HAVE NUCLEI AND CHLOROPLASTS. MAKE THEIR OWN FOOD BY CARRY OUT PHOTOSYNTHESIS.
- 33. METHOD OF REPRODUCTION Asexual – by binary fission, fragmentation and spore formation. Sexual – by conjugation.