1) The document discusses Spring Boot and Spring Cloud frameworks for building cloud-native Java applications. It covers concepts like externalizing configurations, distributed tracing, logging as event streams, and integrating with Cloud Foundry.
2) The document recommends treating backing services as attached resources and binding services to applications. It also discusses storing encrypted configuration data and refreshing app configurations without restarts.
3) The document promotes principles of 12-factor apps like declaring explicit dependencies, maximizing robustness with fast startup/shutdown, and treating logs as event streams. It suggests pushing apps to Cloud Foundry with "cf push" and not worrying about infrastructure details.