Cold chian management of vaccine
- 1. COLD CHAIN MANAGEMENT OF VACCINE By: Dr. Sushma Chauhan Assistant Professor, Amity institute of biotechnology Amity University Chhattisgarh, Raipur, India
- 2. Cold Chain The ‘cold chain’ is the system of transporting and storing vaccines at recommended temperature from the point of manufacture to the point of use. That is, the role of the cold chain is to maintain the potency of vaccines. Manufacturer Distributor Vaccine Depots Provider office Client
- 4. All our distribution centers should have cold storage facility maintaining a steady temperature of 2°- 8°C and -15° – 25° which is backed up with power generators (24 X 7).
- 6. Why is the cold chain important ? 1. Vaccines are: Biological products lose potency with time Process irreversible and accelerated if proper storage conditions are not adhered to. 3. Ensuring maximum benefit from immunisations Responsibility not to waste scarce NHS resources Reduce wastage from errors 2. Assurance in potent product and vaccine programmes Professional responsibility Confident the vaccines you give will be effective Public Health responsibility Public confidence in immunisation programmes 4.Compliance with SPC/Manufacturer Any vaccine that has not been stored at a temperature of 2-8ºC as per its licensing conditions is no longer a licensed product
- 10. Cold chain storage equipment Walk in cold rooms Deep freezers Ice lined refrigerators
- 11. 1.Walk in cold rooms(WIC) At district & PHC levels Temp :- -15oc to -25oc At PHC, used only for the preparation of ice packs At regional level Storage up to 3 months 2.Deep freezers
- 12. 3.Ice lined refrigerators(ILR) Both at district and PHC levels Temp :- +2oc to +8oc ILR’s are top opening, can hold cold air inside better than front opening refrigerators
- 13. Sensitivity to HEAT BCG Varicella MMR MenC Hepatitis B DT and/or aP/IPV/HIB HepB and combination DTand/or aP/IPV/HIB Influenza MenC *MMR *Varicella *BCG (*Freeze dried) MOST SENSITIVE Sensitivity to COLD Temperature must be dial thermometer LEAST recorded twice in a day with SENSITIVE
- 14. Immunisation Department, Centre forInfections Light Sensitive Sensitive to strong light, sunlight, ultraviolet, fluorescents (neon) BCG MMR Varicella Meningococcal C Conjugate Most DTaP containing vaccines Vaccines should always be stored in their original packaging until point of use to protect them from light
- 15. Vaccine Storage Use a dedicated vaccine fridge Safeguard electricity supply No more than 50% full Place vaccines in clearly labelled plastic mesh baskets Group vaccines by type (Paediatric, Adult, Adolescent) Defrost/calibrate fridge regularly Ensure back up facilities are available in the event of fridge failing X Do not place fridge in direct sunlight or near heat source X Do not store vaccines for more than 1 month at PHC. X Do not store vaccines in fridge doors or in solid plastic trays/containers within the fridge X Keep vaccines away from fridge walls and cold air vents Picture taken fromwww.medisave.co.uk DO’sDON’T’s X No food or medical specimens
- 17. 1.Cold boxes Used for transport of vaccines Fully frozen ice packs placed at the bottom and sides DPT, TT, DT should not be kept in direct contact 2.Vaccine carriers Used to carry small quantity of vaccines(16 to 20 vials) For out of reach sessions 4 icepacks are used
- 19. 3.Day carriers Used to carry very small quantities of vaccines(6 to 8 vials) For anear by session 2 icepacks areused For only 2 hours period
- 20. Use of diluents Specifically designed to reconstitute the vaccines with respect to volume, pH and other chemical properties Store at +2oc to +8oc in ILR Only use vaccines suppled and packaged by manufacturer
- 22. Vaccine Vial Monitor(VVM) VVM is a label containing heat sensitive material that is placed on a vaccine vial to register heat exposure over time Vaccine vial monitor
- 23. Stage 1 • Inner square lighter than outer circle Stage 2 • Inner square still lighter than outer circle Stage 3 • Color of inner square matches the outer circle Stage 4 • Color of inner square darker than outer circle Combined effects of time and temperature cause the inner square to darken gradually and irreversibly VVM does not directly measure the vaccine potency but gives info about the main factor that affects potency
- 36. Strengthen routine immunization to meet vaccination coverage targets and improved vaccines research and development for the next generation of vaccines and technologies Accelerate control of vaccine- preventable diseases Objectives of WHO in immunization Introduce new Active immunization/vaccination has been named one of the "Ten Great Public Health Achievements in the 20th Century"
- 37. Immunization is the process whereby a person is made immune to an infectious disease, typically by the administration of a vaccine. Controlling and eliminating life-threatening infectious diseases Estimated to avert between 2 and 3 million deaths each year. One of the most cost-effective health investments Accessible to even the most hard-to-reach and vulnerable populations. Immunization schedule