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The document summarizes dental health programs and the role of school dental health programs. It discusses designing dental health programs for different groups like school children, industrial workers, and the handicapped. School dental health programs aim to provide optimal oral health to students through prevention, screening, treatment, and health education. The duties of school dental health dentists include case finding through various examination and screening methods, referral for treatment, dental health education, follow up, and excusing students for dental treatment. Programs also provide dental care for disadvantaged children who cannot otherwise afford it.
Com 12
- 2. College of Dentistry Community Dentistry Dental Health Programs Dr. Hazem El Ajrami
- 3. The most important task in the field of public health dentistry and the one occupying most time for most personnel is the administration of dental health programs at the local level. Before planning of any health program, the hypothesis has to be formulated. The investigation has to be designed; the study may be crosssectional or longitudinal. A parallel group has to be studied as a control. The samples may be selected, random or stratified random.
- 4. The dental health programs may be designed for school children, handicapped, industrial workers... etc. The basic principles for designing any program are the same. Concerning industrial dentistry, an added factor, should be put into consideration, where industrial projects are conducted profit, the cost of caring for illness or injury, which results from the occupation of the worker, constitutes a legal charge upon the receipts of the industry. Industry's responsibility for the care of occupational injuries, including dental injuries, is universally recognized, and the employer's liability insurance is compulsory.
- 5. Children with medical handicaps are increasing numerically following the great advances in pediatrics. Young patients are now surviving who would hitherto have died, and even those with quite severe handicaps are leading a life within the family unit. Programs for the handicapped differ from other programs on the basis that specialized techniques are sometimes required to do routine operations such as the placement of filling. More often, the problem involves the general management of the patient.
- 6. • School Dental Health Programs: School based oral health programs are considered an important part of general public health programs but to develop relevant program that address the need's of today's children is a complex task. So in order to maximize its effectivity, its objectives should mostly contain CAPITE.
- 7. C: Compatible with the need of the population served. A: Administratively sound i.e. politically, professionally, educations accepted. P: Preventive and promotional regimens as a part of school curriculum. I: Identify any abnormal conditions from screening.
- 8. T: Treatment or referral for giving optimum student oral health care. E: Health education is necessary as it supports knowledge and creates positive attitudes. Planning for school health program require setting preliminary broad scheme objectives then selection of those needed according to each population need.
- 9. • Objectives of school health dental program are: 1. Provide an optimum oral health to every schoolchild. 2. Address the need of each stage separately according to their problems. 3. Preventing oral diseases mainly dental caries, and periodontal diseases. 4. Spot light on traumatic injures, occurrence and emergency first aid treatments.
- 10. 5. Interceptive screening for malocclusion and referral to orthodontist (serial extraction therapy). 6. Nutritional counseling with school dietitians. 7. Assessment of fluoride's application needs. 8. Pit and fissure comprehensive delivery programs to school students.
- 14. • The duties of school health dentist can be listed as follows: 1. Case Finding: It might seem wasteful to examine children for a disease, which occurs almost universally. It is more logically to organize a sound dental health program based upon a system of dental inspections, which provides base line information about dental needs. There are several possible approaches:
- 15. A. Complete dental examination with all aids: this is obviously unsuited to case finding in entire school populations because of the expense and time involved. B. Limited examination using mouth mirror and explorer, bite-wing x-rays and if necessary periapical x-rays, in mouth with uncomplicated dental disease, this examination may well suffice as a basis for treatment with further review.
- 18. C. Inspection using mouth mirror and explorer and adequate illumination: this type lends itself very well to school procedures and can be performed either by a dentist or dental hygienist. This inspection will require review later, no matter who has done the work, since proximal caries can often be detected in its early stages only by x-ray. This type however, identifies major dental needs in most instances. It can be made in the school with portable equipments.
- 21. D. Screening using tongue depressor and available illumination: This is dental case finding at its lowest efficiency yet the procedure is needed sometimes where dental personnel is not available to do a better job. A great danger exists that children who don't seem to have dental defects by tongue depressor screening will consider their mouths to be healthy and will therefore not seek adequate dental examination.
- 23. 2. Referral for Dental Care: In some countries, children with dental disease may be referred to private dentists for treatment; in other countries; they may be referred to government treatment institutions such as hospitals, dental clinics, school health units etc. On referral for treatment, the parents must be informed about the child dental condition and the type of treatment needed and probably a consent form may be signed by the parent in cases where extraction of permanent teeth is indicated, the signing of consent forms by the parents is essential.
- 24. 3. Dental health education: This includes instructions related to the maintenance of proper oral hygiene such as tooth brushing and the value of balanced diet, the danger of excessive intake of refined carbohydrate both during the meal and between meal snacks. The importance of periodic check up visits to avoid emergency visits associated with severe pain.
- 25. 4. Follow up of dental inspection: It is the responsibility of dental health officer to make sure that children referred for treatment have been receiving the proper treatment. The dental hygienist or the school nurse is the logical person to conduct a follow-up system.
- 26. 5. Excuse from school for dental treatment: Children should be excused to keep appointments with the physician or dentist during school hours. Abuses of the school excuse system can often be avoided if simple excuse forms are printed with space for date and hour of the appointment, the signature of a school official, signature of parents and signature of the dentist finally to assure that the appointment was actually kept.
- 28. • Dental Care for the Disadvantages: In most communities, there are school children who cannot afford dental care in accordance with their needs and with the recommendations, which are made to them. It is usual for such communities to make some effort to provide dental care for disadvantaged children, whether through a school dental clinic, health-center dental clinic, or perhaps some other clinics maintained by a voluntary organization.
- 29. Thank You