Combating Terrorism
- 1. COMBATING TERRORISM Presented by: Bharat Jhalani July 2008
- 2. Contents Introduction to Terrorism Causes Counter-terrorism techniques
- 3. Introduction The calculated use of unlawful violence or threat of unlawful violence to inculcate fear; intended to coerce or to intimidate governments or societies in the pursuit of goals that are generally political, religious , or economical .
- 4. Political Terrorism Violent criminal behavior designed primarily to generate fear in the community, or substantial segment of it, for political purposes. This is seen essentially in Assam and Tripura and now in Maharashtra To fulfill the demand of economic benefits for the sons and daughters of the soil.
- 5. Religious Terrorism Indiscriminate acts of violence against anyone who does not share their religious faith. by those whose motivations are rooted in their interpretations of their religion. To show exclusivity of the religion. To attain saint-status in their religion. Eg: Al-Qaeda
- 6. Economical Terrorism Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa and Bihar are prime examples. The economic factors include the absence of land reforms, rural unemployment, exploitation of landless labourers by land owners, etc. These economic grievances and perceptions of gross social injustice have given rise to ideological terrorist groups such as the various Marxist/Maoist groups operating under different names.
- 7. Counter-Terrorism set-up The state police and its intelligence set-up The national intelligence community Physical security agencies Paramilitary forces The Army
- 8. Global help Intelligence-sharing with other countries Regional cooperation in South Asia
- 9. Counter-terrorism techniques The importance of a good grievances detection, monitoring and redressal machinery so that the build-up of grievances in any community is detected in time and the political leadership alerted and advised to take prompt action to redress them
- 10. Contd. The importance of good, preventive human intelligence The importance of timely technical intelligence , which is generally more precise than human intelligence.
- 11. Contd. The importance of objective and balanced analysis to avoid over-assessing the strength and capabilities of the terrorists.
- 12. Contd. The importance of reverse analysis so that one is trained to analyse possible scenarios not only as a good intelligence analyst, but also as an irrational terrorist. The importance of prompt and co-ordinated follow-up action on well-assessed intelligence from all agencies, without allowing inter-agency jealousies and rivalries to come in the way.
- 13. Contd. The importance of an effective crisis management apparatus. The importance of not over-projecting the personality and capabilities of terrorist leaders The importance of highlighting the positive aspects of the affected community or religion to prevent the build-up of a negative image of the community or religion in the eyes of the public.
- 14. Contd. The importance of well-designed psychological war operations to project the terrorists for what they are -- irrational killers. The importance of observing human rights during counter-terrorism operations.
- 15. THANK YOU