Communism_Marxism PowerPoint.ppt
- 1. Karl Marx: “The Father of Communism”
- 2. What is The Communist Manifesto? The Communist Manifesto was Marx and Engels’ greatest work Published in 1848 Not widely read in Europe until after Marx’s death in 1883 Marxist “Bible”
- 3. Communism - is a political, social, and economic ideology that advocates the replacement of private ownership and profit-based economies with a classless economic system under which the means of production, such as buildings, machinery, tools, and labor, are communally owned, with private ownership of property either prohibited or severely limited by the state
- 4. Who are the major players in Communism? Two (2) groups: 1. Proletariat = Working class / lower classes of society 2. Bourgeoisie = Upper classes / the ones who gain wealth off the proletariat
- 5. What Needs To Take Place First? Marx believed that history could be explained through class struggle Marx was convinced that history would pass through certain phases (I.E. Feudalism, Capitalism, Socialism) until finally a Communist society would emerge.
- 6. Communism After the proletariat has successfully overthrown the bourgeoisie: 1. Communism would gradually emerge. 2. The need for government would no longer exist. 3. There would no longer be separate classes in society. Everyone would work according to their abilities and… Everyone receives according to their needs.
- 7. Characteristics The idea of communism as a philosophy of government or society is predominantly based on the ideas of Karl Marx. It shares its ideals with Marxism or socialism. Given below are a few characteristics of the ideology:-
- 8. Classless society A classless society is where there are no differences between the rich and the poor. Society is otherwise divided into the bourgeoisie and the proletariat, who are the owner class and the worker class, respectively. Common ownership of all resources For society to be classless, people need to abolish the existing system of control and division. Common ownership is the best way to achieve this goal. Therefore, the community as a whole produces, and the community as a whole enjoys its benefits.
- 9. Private property When private people enter production, they tend to focus more on profit. As their earning capacity increases, their quality of life changes, resulting in dramatic lifestyle changes. Obviously, this will be different for those who do not have money. Therefore, abolishing private property is an essential characteristic of communist ideology. Social equality The basis of the communist ideology is the achievement of social equality. In other words, an egalitarian society in which there are no differences or discrimination between the rich and the poor.
- 10. Against democracy Democracy involves the liberty to enter private organizations or players into the market, among other things. Communist ideology does not accept privatization as it is a deterrent in the path of a classless society. Communism in China is an example where they oppose the idea of democracy.
- 11. History of Class Struggle Utopian Society Feudalism Capitalism Bourgeiosie/Proletariat Emerge Socialism Dictatorship of the Proletariat Communism
- 12. Marx’s Theory? Marx and Engels studied the history of the world’s economies and the way that power, industry and finance are controlled. They saw the way countries developed in stages over world history Primitive Communism Feudalism Capitalism Socialism Communism (Marxism)
- 13. What is Primitive Communism? Primitive Communism This is how humans first lived together – in small tribes. Everything was shared amongst the tribe – food, jobs, belongings. No-one owned land. Eventually a group comes to power – this leads to Feudalism…
- 14. What is Feudalism? Primitive Communism Feudalism •Under feudalism, a king or emperor or chief becomes the ruler over all the people. •He gives land and privileges to ‘nobles’ who rule the people for him. •The people are kept uneducated and told that God chose the king to rule. The church helps the king this way. •As trade develops, some people get richer. This leads to Capitalism…..
- 15. What is Capitalism? Feudalism Capitalism •The business owners or capitalists get richer while the workers do all the hard work. •The capitalists get more power to serve their own interests. •Capitalism creates a huge working- class of people who soon get angry at the way they are treated. •Eventually they begin to demand changes. This will lead to a revolution and Socialism…
- 16. What is Socialism? Socialism Capitalism •In the Socialist revolution all the rulers – kings, churches, capitalists are got rid of. •The workers take control of the country to produce things for everyone. •Because nothing is made for profit, all people benefit from education and health. •These ideas spread across the world to create Communism….
- 17. What is Communism (Marxism)? Socialism Communism (Marxism) •As everyone now works together, war is a thing of the past – armies are not needed. •Sharing means no police are needed. •Everything is provided by the people – so money becomes a thing of the past. •All human activity goes towards benefiting each other – allowing all to live their lives to the full.
- 18. How did Marx / Engels’ work influence European society? Marx / Engels’ work is going to influence a new generation of revolutionaries Tired of corruption Desiring a new society Marx / Engels’ works are feared by many European leaders Arrest, imprison, or exile many Communist leaders