composite materials pptcomposite materials ppt
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This document provides an introduction to composite materials and structures. It defines composites as materials made of two or more chemically different constituents combined macroscopically to yield a useful material. Examples of natural composites include wood, bone, and granite. Man-made composites include concrete, plywood, fiberglass, and cermets. The document discusses where composites are commonly used, such as in the automotive, aerospace, sports, and transportation industries. It also provides a classification of composites based on the matrix and reinforcement form.
composite materials pptcomposite materials ppt
- 1. Introduction to Composite Materials and Structures
- 2. What are “composites”? permeated with holes filled with liquids • Composite: Two or more chemically different constituents combined macroscopically to yield a useful material. • Examples of naturally occurring composites – Wood: Cellulose fibers bound by lignin matrix – Bone: Stiff mineral “fibers” in a soft organic matrix – Granite: Granular composite of quartz, feldspar, and mica
- 3. “ ” What are composites ? • Some examples of man‐made composites – Concrete: Particulate composite of aggregates (limestone or granite), sand, cement and water – Plywood: Several layers of wood veneer glued together – Fiberglass: Plastic matrix reinforced by glass fibers – Cemets: Ceramic and metal composites – Fibrous composites: Variety of fibers (glass, kevlar, graphite, nylon, etc.) bound together by a polymeric matrix
- 4. These are not composites! • Plastics: Even though they may have several “fillers”, their presence does not alter the physical properties significantly. • Alloys: Here the alloy is not macroscopically heterogeneous, especially in terms of physical properties. • Metals with impurities: The presence of impurities does not significantly alter physical properties of the metal.
- 5. Where are composites used? • Automotive industry: Lighter, stronger, wear resistance, rust‐free, aesthetics – Car body Brake pads – Drive shafts – Fuel tanks – Hoods – Spoilers
- 6. Where are composites used? • Aerospace: Lighter, stronger, temperature resistance, smart structures, wear resistance – Aircraft: Nose, doors, struts, trunnion, fairings, cowlings, ailerons, outboard and inboard flaps, stabilizers, elevators, rudders, fin tips, spoilers, edges – Rockets & missiles: Nose, body, pressure tanks, frame, fuel tanks, turbo‐motor stators, etc. – Satellites: Antennae, frames, structural parts
- 7. Where are composites used? • Sports: Lighter, stronger, toughness, better aesthetics, higher damping properties – Tennis Bicycles – Badminton – Boats – Hockey – Golfing Motorcycles …
- 8. Where are composites used? • Transportation & Infrastructure: Lighter, stronger, toughness, damping – Railway coaches Bridges – Ships and boats – Dams – Truck bodies and floors – RV bodies
- 9. Where are composites used? • And many more industry sectors – Biomedical industry – Consumer goods – Agricultural equipment – Heavy machinery – Computers – Healthcare
- 10. Where are composites used? • And many more industry sectors – Biomedical industry – Consumer goods – Agricultural equipment – Heavy machinery – Computers – Healthcare
- 11. Classification of Composites Engineered Composites Particulate Fibrous Random Orientation Preferred Orientation SingleLayer Multi‐Layer Continuous & Long Fibers Discontinuous & Short Fibers Laminate Hybrid Laminate Unidirectional Bi‐Directional Random Orientation Preferred Orientation
- 12. Classification of Composites Composite materials are commonly classified at following two distinct levels: • The first level of classification is usually made with respect to the matrix constituent. The major composite classes include Organic Matrix Composites (OMCs), Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) and Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMCs). The term organic matrix composite is generally assumed to include two classes of composites, namely Polymer Matrix Composites (PMCs) and carbon matrix composites commonly referred to as carboncarbon composites.
- 13. Classification of Composites • The second level of classification refers to the reinforcement form – 1. Fibre reinforced composites, 2. Laminar composites and 3.Particulate composites.