Composting 101 2021 12-18
- 1. The presentation will begin shortly… Wecome!
- 2. COMPOSTING 101 Ellen Book, UF/IFAS Extension Miami-Dade County Master Gardener Link to slide presentation: https://TINYURL.com/bettergrow The chat box will open at the end of the lecture for a Q&A session.
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- 51. COMPOSTING 101 Ellen Book, Master Gardener UF/IFAS Extension Miami-Dade County Master Gardener Link to slide presentation: https://TINYURL.com/bettergrow The chat box will open at the end of the lecture for a Q&A session.
- 54. https://sfyl.ifas.ufl.edu/miami-dade/ DEC 20, 2021 Virtual Homebuyers Workshop: Informative Session Topic: 1st Time Homebuyers Workshop
- 57. Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences - IFAS https://sfyl.ifas.ufl.edu/miami-dade/
- 68. Was NOT me
- 69. Kitchen food scraps. Photo: Tia Silvasy, UF/IFAS
- 70. Too much too wet too long… Anaerobic bacteria kills worms UF/IFAS
- 72. A Tumbler Bin Composter UF/IFAS
- 77. Fill out the evaluation at the end of the program for a voucher 80-gallon capacity Size: 32” diameter X 32” tall
- 78. Sheet Composting Top-dressing on the soil surface like a garden lasagna right onto a future growing space. Trench Composting - composting directly in the soil Cold Bin Composting Fill your compost bin halfway with browns and bury kitchen scraps Bokashi Bucket anaerobic bacteria (grass-like inoculated bran, rice, dried leaves sprinkled over scraps). 10 days to ferment & “pickle” waste, forming an acidic organic matter that must be dug into the soil or added to a compost pile. TYPES OF COMPOSTING
- 80. GREENs = nitroGen BROWNs = carBon NitroGen = Protein CarBon = Energy From: https://small-farm-permaculture-and- sustainable-living.com/how-build-compost-pile/
- 81. What materials are good for composting?
- 84. Citrus (oranges, grapefruit, lemons, tangerines) Green/nitrogen - cut in half or quarter before composting; mix with browns & add 6-inch layer of browns on top
- 85. WWW.TINYURL.COM/ CANICOMPOSTIT? Material Can I Compost? Comment Banana skins Yes Bird cage "waste" Yes Bone meal Yes Bread Yes Cereal Yes Citrus (e.g., oranges, grapefruit, lemons, tangerines) Yes Green/nitrogen - must cut in half or quarter before composting; mix with browns & add 6-inch layer of browns on top Coffee grounds (with paper filter) Yes Green/nitrogen Corn cobs Yes Cornmeal Yes Cottonseed meal Yes Crop waste Yes Egg shells Yes Adds calcium
- 87. BROWNS ON THE BOTTOM & TOP ARE
- 90. Attribution to: KidsGardening: A Kids’ Guide to Messing Around in the Dirt by Kevin Raftery
- 99. AS PILE TEMPERATURES & TIME IS NEEDED FOR VARIOUS MICROORGANISMS TO COLONIZE
- 100. Left: (1 year old) Last year’s material all garden stuff, grass & leaves, kitchen: banana peels veg. trimmings from the pile’s top. Middle: (2 years old) bottom of this year’s pile put into bags Right: (3 years old) Finished product from the bags to be used in the garden & greenhouse this year GUESS WHERE THIS COMPOST WAS MADE?
- 102. Smaller surface areas decompose faster
- 104. Attribution to: KidsGardening: A Kids’ Guide to Messing Around in the Dirt by Kevin Raftery
- 105. Compost bin cutaway
- 109. The free compost bins have trapdoors at the bottom to access the compost which may need to be further cured/finished at a lower temperature.
- 110. Check for moisture when turning the compost. The consistency should feel like a wrung-out sponge. UF/IFAS
- 111. Smaller bits decompose faster BIGGER pieces need more time
- 112. Unfinished compost may stress plants, causing yellowing or stalling growth
- 113. Heat cooks most weeds. For hot composting turn when pile temperature drops below 100°F or if the pile is more than 150°F
- 114. HEALTHY VEGGIES AND PLANTS START WITH HEALTHY SOIL! UF/IFAS Leon County Extension
- 115. NOW LET’S TALK ABOUT…
- 116. Vermi-Composting Definitions • Vermiculture – Work farming process of culturing worms to decompose organic food waste, turning it into nutrient rich material • Casting – Worm waste, digested food • Omnivores – Animals that eat plants and animals • Hermaphrodites – Animals with male and female sex organs. http://clipart-library.com/
- 117. Red Wigglers
- 118. Contains • 5Xs the available nitrogen • 7Xs the available potash • 50% more calcium than 6” of good top soil • Water soluble nutrient immediately available for plant intake. Will not burn root system unlike fresh raw manures Red Wigglers UF/IFAS
- 120. 1) I'm having problems with my compost system and I'm not sure of the cause. What should I do first? a. Add water b. Add browns/carbon rich material c. Turn the compost
- 121. 1) I'm having problems with my compost system and I'm not sure of the cause. What should I do first? a. Add water b. Add browns/carbon rich material c. Turn the compost
- 122. 2) My compost smells bad and I turned it yesterday. What can I do? a. Add bulky browns/carbon-rich material b. Add greens/nitrogen-rich material c. Add water
- 123. 2) My compost smells bad and I turned it yesterday. What can I do? a. Add bulky browns/carbon-rich material b. Add greens/nitrogen-rich material c. Add water
- 124. 3) My pile won't heat up, but I have the proper volume of material (approximately 1 cubic yard), enough oxygen (aeration), and a good balance of carbon to nitrogen (approximately 30:1). What can I do? a. Add lime b. Add moisture c. Add potting soil d. Add clean wood ash e. All of the above
- 125. 3) My pile won't heat up, but I have the proper volume of material (approximately 1 cubic yard), enough oxygen (aeration), and a good balance of carbon to nitrogen (approximately 30:1). What can I do? b. Add moisture
- 126. 4) What can I do about flies in my compost? a. Spray with pesticide b. Create a separate pile for kitchen scraps c. No need to act
- 127. 4) What can I do about flies in my compost? a. Spray with pesticide b. Create a separate pile for kitchen scraps c. No need to act
- 128. 5) How can I compost in my high-rise condominium or apartment? a. With a compost bin b. With worms c. With the in-sink disposal
- 129. 5) How can I compost in my high-rise condominium or apartment? a. With a compost bin b. With worms c. With the in-sink disposal
- 130. 6) What is the optimal size of a composting system? a. The bigger, the better b. Long and narrow c. About 3 feet high by 3 feet long by 3 feet wide
- 131. 6) What is the optimal size of a composting system? a. The bigger, the better b. Long and narrow c. About 3 feet high by 3 feet long by 3 feet wide
- 132. 7) What can be used as a catalyst or inoculant to get my compost pile started? a. Finished compost b. Large pieces left over from screening compost c. Small amount of organic top soil from the yard d. Commercially prepared inoculant e. All of the above
- 133. 7) What can be used as a catalyst or inoculant to get my compost pile started? a. Finished compost b. Large pieces left over from screening compost c. Small amount of organic top soil from the yard d. Commercially prepared inoculant e. All of the above
- 134. 8) How do I get rid of fire ants in my compost pile? a. Leave the pile alone b. Water and turn the pile c. Spray the pile with pesticide
- 135. 8) How do I get rid of fire ants in my compost pile? a. Leave the pile alone b. Water and turn the pile c. Spray the pile with pesticide
- 136. 9) When is the compost finished? a. After 6-8 weeks b. When the compost appears dark, crumbly, and looks and smells like soil c. When the pile temperature exceeds 131 degrees F
- 137. 9) When is the compost finished? a. After 6-8 weeks b. When the compost appears dark, crumbly, and looks and smells like soil c. When the pile temperature exceeds 131 degrees F
- 138. 10) What determines how long it takes for organic material to become useful compost? a. Size of materials place into composting system b. Carbon-to-nitrogen (C:N) ratio of materials place into composting system c. Level of management/attention paid to the composting process d. Intended use for finished compost e. All of the above
- 139. 10) What determines how long it takes for organic material to become useful compost? a. Size of materials place into composting system b. Carbon-to-nitrogen (C:N) ratio of materials place into composting system c. Level of management/attention paid to the composting process d. Intended use for finished compost e. All of the above
- 140. 11) Must I cover the compost bin? a. Yes b. No
- 141. 11) Must I cover the compost bin? a. Yes b. No
- 142. 12) What items may harm my worms if added to my vermi-composting system? a. Alcohol or vinegar b. Coffee grinds c. Oranges or other citrus d. All of the above
- 143. 12) What items may harm my worms if added to my vermi-composting system? a. Alcohol or vinegar b. Coffee grinds c. Oranges or other citrus d. All of the above
- 144. 13) It I can't compost it, what can I do with it? a. Reduce b. Reuse c. Recycle d. All of the above
- 145. 13) It I can't compost it, what can I do with it? a. Reduce b. Reuse c. Recycle d. All of the above
- 146. 14) Must I use a manufactured composting bin? a. Yes b. No
- 147. 14) Must I use a manufactured composting bin? a. Yes b. No
- 148. 15) What is the lowest-cost backyard composting system? a. Pile, trench, and sheet composting b. Manufactured bins c. Self-made bins
- 149. 15) What is the lowest-cost backyard composting system? a. Pile, trench, and sheet composting b. Manufactured bins c. Self-made bins
- 150. 16) What best accelerates the decomposition of oak leaves? a. Water the pile b. Turn the pile twice a week c. Shred leaves before adding to the compost d. All of the above
- 151. 16) What best accelerates the decomposition of oak leaves? a. Water the pile b. Turn the pile twice a week c. Shred leaves before adding to the compost d. All of the above
- 152. 17) How can I accelerate the compost decomposition process? a. Active management of the compost system b. Building a bigger pile c. Adding a compost starter/inoculant/catalyst d. None of the above
- 153. 17) How can I accelerate the compost decomposition process? a. Active management of the compost system b. Building a bigger pile c. Adding a compost starter/inoculant/catalyst d. None of the above
- 154. 18) How much time does it take to make compost? a. One hour per day b. One hour per week c. One hour per month d. As little or as much time as I want
- 155. 18) How much time does it take to make compost? a. One hour per day b. One hour per week c. One hour per month d. As little or as much time as I want
- 156. 19) Hot composting and vermi-composting are compatible? a. True b. False
- 157. 19) Hot composting and vermi-composting are compatible? a. True b. False
- 158. 20) How does composting affect soil pH? a. Makes soils more acidic b. Makes soils more basic c. Has a buffering effect
- 159. 20) How does composting affect soil pH? a. Makes soils more acidic b. Makes soils more basic c. Has a buffering effect
- 160. 20) How does composting affect soil pH? c. Has a buffering effect In general, compost has a buffering effect on soils. Compost made from acidic materials, such as pine needles or oak leaves, may have a slightly acidifying effect on soils. Because many soils in Florida are slightly basic, there is rarely a need to add lime to neutralize even acidic composts.
- 161. LANDFILL SITES
- 163. Evaluation & Voucher Link to slide presentation: https://TINYURL.com/bettergrow Vouchers will be accepted When supply arrives… The link will be up until Monday at 8:00am. Vasquez,Laura A lavasquez@ufl.edu FYN Program Supervisor Copy this link to evaluation AND composter voucher from chat.