Composting(Research proposal)
- 1. Reduction of solid waste by composting Presented by: MEMOONA RAFIQUE
- 2. INTRODUCTION Composting can generally described as a thermophilic aerobic decomposition process Solid substrates are degraded over a period of weeks ,by a succession of microbial population to form a dark brown end product It is organic matter that has been decomposed and recycled as a fertilizer and soil amendment Compost is a key ingredient in organic farming. Compost can be rich in nutrients. It is used in gardens, landscaping, horticulture, and agriculture.
- 3. PROBLEM STATEMENT The main problem caused by municipal solid waste is on public health and the environment. Likewise, air and water pollution are also the consequences of improper management of wastes that has declined the quality of air, drinking water and sanitation
- 4. OBJECTIVE The primary objective of composting in most cases is to convert an unstable, possibly aggressive material into a stable end product Provide an alternative to landfill disposal and reuse the solid waste into farming Lessen the methane emission which is main source of global warming
- 5. LITRERATURE REVIEW Author Year Study Abul-Soud M. 1999 Vermiculture and vermicomposting technologies use in sustainable agriculture in Egypt Nagavallemma KP, 2004 Recycling Wastes into Valuable Organic Fertilizer P.Saranraj* and D.Stella 2012 Vermicomposting and its importance in improvement of soil nutrients and agricultural crops
- 6. METHODOLOGY VERMICOMPOSTING Composting through worms of specific species having ability to degrade the organic solid waste such as food waste, animal manure, agricultural waste is vermicomposting Red earthworm species, like Eisenia foetida are most efficient in compost making First of all take a bin or plastic container and then bedding it by newspaper or dry leaves spread the sand and moisture the bed and then add the worms Burry food scarps into the bin and leave for few days
- 7. Expected outcome Organic waste in landfills generates, methane, a potent greenhouse gas. By composting wasted food and other organics, methane emissions are significantly reduced. Compost can capture and destroy 99.6 percent of industrial volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) in contaminated air. Compost reduces and in some cases eliminates the need for chemical fertilizers.
- 8. REFRENCES Edwards, C.A., Dominguez, J., Neuhauser, E.F., 1998.Growth and reproduction of Perionyx excavatus (Perr.) (Megascolecidae) as factors in organic waste management. Biol. Fertil. Soils 27, 155 -161. Garg, V.K., Kaushik, P., 2005.Vermistabilization of textile mill sludge spiked with poultry droppings by an epigeic earthworm. Eisenia foetida. Biores. Technol. 96, 1063 – 1071. Tomati, V., Grappel, A., Galli, E., Rossi, W., 1983. Fertilizers from vermiculture– an option for organic wastes recovery. Agrochemica 27, 244 – 251 Atiyeh, R.M., Subler, S., Edwards, C.A., Metzger, J., 1999. Growth of tomato plants in horticultural potting media amended with vermicompost. Pedobiologia 43, 724 – 728.