Computer concepts nballsgtc

Computers in Your World
Digital revolution – Change brought on by use
of digital technology/devices
Digital technology as a part of daily life
Computer Concepts – Illustrated 9th Edition 1
Figure A-1: Computers are a part of daily life

(continued)
Computer - An electronic device that:
 Accepts input
 Processes data
 Stores data
 Produces output

(continued)
Computer system includes:
 Hardware - Electronic and mechanical parts
 System Unit – Houses important components
 Peripheral devices – Hardware to expand
functionality
 Software – Programs/codes of instructions

(continued)
Input devices:
 Keyboard
 Mouse
 Touch screen, etc.
Output devices:
 Monitor
 Printer
 Speakers, etc.

How Computers Work
Turn on/power up/booting a computer:
 May need to enter user ID and password
Computer program/software:
 Instructions telling a computer how to carry
out processing tasks

Figure B-1: Keyboard examples

Input Devices (continued)
Other pointing devices:
 Pointing stick
 Touchpad (also called a trackpad)
 Trackball
 Touch screen
Other ways to input data:
 Scanner
 Microphone
 Digital camera

Display Devices
Monitor:
 Standalone display device
 Found with desktop computers
Screen:
 Area where output is displayed
• Monitors attached to desktop computers have
screens
• Notebook computers have screens, but not
monitors

Display Devices (continued)
LCD (liquid crystal display):
 Manipulates light within a layer of liquid crystal
cells
 Also called flat-panel displays
LED (light emitting diodes)
OLED (organic light emitting diodes):
 Used by most handheld devices
 Draws less power than LCD screens
 Can be seen from any angle

Figure B-6: Examples of monitors

Printers (continued)
Printer resolution:
 Determines the quality of printed output
 Measured in dots per inch (or dpi)
Printer speed:
 Pages per minute (ppm)
Duplex printer:
 Prints on both sides of paper
Network-enabled printer
Photo printer

Figure B-9: An ink jet printer Figure B-10: A laser printer

Data Storage – An Overview
Storage technology - Data storage system:
 Allows for a computer or digital device to store
and retrieve data
Storage medium:
 Holds data – Hard drive, tape, memory card,
flash drive, CD, DVD, etc.
Storage device:
 Stores and retrieves data from its storage
medium – CD/DVD drive.

Figure B-12: Examples of storage media and storage devices

Data Storage – An Overview
(continued)
Hard drives – Internal or External:
 Main storage system for PCs
 Mechanical or solid state drives (SSD)
• Solid state technology – No moving parts
Additional storage devices:
 USB flash drives
 CD/DVD/BD drives
 Solid-state card readers

Figure B-13: Inside of a mechanical hard drive

Figure B-23: Solid state cards
Figure B-26: Examples of solid-state drives

Computer Software
Software/computer programs
 Provides instructions and data necessary to
carry out tasks
Graphical user interface (GUI)
 Allows for computer commands to be
executed using pointing devices and on-
screen graphics
19

Computer Software (continued)
Two major categories of software:
 System software – used by the computer to
perform computer-specific tasks
• Operating systems
• Utilities
• Device drivers
 Application software – allows users to
complete tasks on a computer
• Document production
• Communications
20

Figure C-1: Examples of software categories

Local application
 Installed directly on a computer
A Web application (Web app) or cloudware
 Accessed using the Web
Portable application
 Can run from a removable device
Mobile application or app
 Runs on a smart phone or tablet
22

System requirements
 Minimum hardware capacities
23
Figure C-2: System requirements

Licenses and Copyrights
Copyright
 Legal protection of an author’s original work
Software license or
license agreement
 Legal contract
defining how a
computer
program
can be used
24
Figure C-5: Microsoft Office 2010 software license

Licenses and Copyrights (continued)
Legal software categories:
 Public domain software – not protected by
copyright
 Proprietary software – copyright restricts use
Types of software licenses:
 Single-user license
 Site license
 Multiple-user license
 Concurrent-use license
25

Licenses and Copyrights (continued)
Commercial software – purchase right to use
 Demoware – use for a trial period
Shareware – try first and then can purchase
Freeware – free to use but still need a license
Open source – program
code/instructions available
for modification
26
Figure C-4: Open Source Initiative

Operating Systems—An Overview
Operating System
(OS) – Master
controller for
all computer activities
 Controls user-to-
digital-device
interaction
 Controls digital-device-
to-digital-devices
interaction
27
Figure C-11: Example of how the operating system works

Operating Systems—An Overview
(continued)
Operating System
allow users to
perform specific
tasks
28
Table C-2: Ways you can use an operating system

Office Productivity Software
Office productivity software
 Designed to be used in an office
 Integrates word processing, spreadsheet,
database, drawing, presentation capabilities
29

(continued)
Word processing software
 Used to produce documents
 Microsoft Word, OpenOffice Writer
30
Figure C-24: Checking the spelling of a document in Microsoft Word

(continued)
Spreadsheet software
 For projects with repetitive calculations
 Microsoft Excel, OpenOffice Calc
 Worksheet – grid of columns and rows
31
Figure C-25: A spreadsheet in OpenOffice Calc

(continued)
Database software
 Used to create a collection of data that is
stored electronically as a series of records in
tables
 Microsoft Access,
OpenOffice Base
32
Figure C-27: Creating a table in Microsoft Access

(continued)
Presentation software
 Provides all the tools needed to make a series
of electronic slides
 Microsoft PowerPoint, OpenOffice Impress
33
Figure C-28: A slide in a Microsoft PowerPoint presentation

Graphics Software
Graphics
 Picture, drawing, sketch, photograph, image,
or icon on screen or printed output
Graphics software
 Helps you create, display, modify, manipulate,
and print graphics
34

Graphics Software (continued)
Paint or image editing software – used to
create more sophisticated images
35
Figure C-30: Paint software

Photo editing software – used to enhance
quality of photos
36
Figure C-31: Photo editing software

Clip art – readily available images used with
productivity software
37
Figure C-32: Inserting clip art in a presentation

3D graphics software - computer aided design
(CAD) software
38
Figure C-33: 3D graphics created using software programs

Computer concepts nballsgtc

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