Computer hardware serving-information and communication technology
- 1. COMPUTER HARDWARE SERVICING MARY CRIS L. FABROA TLE-ICT
- 2. INTRODUCTION CHS introduced to different learning activities preparing you to be skillful before you take the plunge into the world of work as a hardware service provider and to feel more confident while providing support where needed.
- 3. It focuses on Process and Delivery enriched with hands hands on activities that will assess your level in terms of skill and knowledge.
- 4. PROCESS AND DELIVERY Computers have become a useful part of our everyday lives.The types of computers we use at home referred to us as PC-Personal Computer
- 5. Lesson 1: Understanding the Computer System As an aspiring computer technician,it is very important to know the different components of computer system. These are the Hardware, software and peopleware.
- 6. 1.1 HARDWARE Physical,touchable,electronic and mechanical parts of a computer system
- 7. A. Major hardware of components of a computer system 1.System Unit -main part of microcomputer,sometimes called chassis. Parts of System Unit: • 1. Motherboard -computer's central communications backbone
- 8. 2. Microprocessor -any of a type of electronic device that contains the arithmetic, and control circuitry necessary to perform functions of a digital computer's central unit.
- 9. 3. MEMORY CHIPS - INTEGRATED CIRCUITS WITH VARIOUS TRANSISTORS, RESISTORS, AND CAPACITORS THAT MUST BE FORMED ON EACH CHIP. 4.BUSES PORTS -FOR CONNECTING MODEMS, PRINTERS, MOUSE, MOUSE, AND OTHER PERIPHERAL DEVICES.
- 10. 5. Expansion slots and cards -a printed circuit board can be inserted into an electrical connector, or expansion slot on a computer's motherboard
- 11. 2.Motherboard/Mainboard/ System Board -main circuit board of a computer .It contains circuits and components run the computer.
- 12. 3. CPU(Central Processing Unit) -processor is the “brain” or “heart” of a computer system. It all the instructions and calculations that are and manages he flow of information through a computer.
- 13. 4. Primary storage -(internal storage,main memory or memory) is the computer storage space that holds processing and processed waiting to be sent to secondary -This is the collection of RAM
- 14. 2 TYPES OF MEMORY A. ROM(READ ONLY MEMORY) -NON VOLATILE,MEANING IT IT HOLDS DATA EVEN THE POWER IS ON OR OFF. B.RAM(RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY) -VOLATILE,MEANING IT HOLDS HOLDS DATA ONLY WHEN THE POWER IS ON. WHEN THE POWER IS OFF, RAM CONTENTS ARE LOST.
- 15. 5. Expansion Bus -A bus is a data pathway several hardware inside or outside a computer. not only connect the parts of CPU to each other,but also CPU with other important hardware.
- 16. 6. Adapters -Printed circuit boards(also called that enable the computer to use a peripheral which it does not have the necessary circuit boards. They are oftn used to permit to a new different hardware.
- 17. 7. Power Supply Unit (PSU) - installed in the back corner of he PC case,next motherboard. It converts (standard house power) voltages that are used by components in the PC.
- 18. 8. Hard Disk Drive (HDD) - Also known as hard drive,is a magnetic device that is inside the computer
- 19. 9.Optical Drive -storage device that uses lasers to on the optical media.There are 3 optical drives: Compact Versatile Disc(DVD) and Blu-ray Disc(BD)
- 20. 10. Digital Versatile Disc(DVD) -designed to opticallly access stored on a DVD.A laser and forthnear the disk surface access data at a very fast
- 21. B. INPUT DEVICES -accepts data and instructions from the user or from another computer system Two Types of Input Devices 1.Keyboard Entry-data is inputted to the computer through a keyboard • Keyboard-the first input device developed for the PC.Data is transferred to the PC over a short cable with a circular 6-pin Mini-din connector that plugs to the back of motherboard
- 22. 2. Direct Entry -a form of input that does not require data to be keyed by someone sitting at a keyboard. This devices create machine
- 23. Three categories of Direct Entry Devices 1. Pointing Devices -an input device used to move the pointer(cursor) on screen. mouse -the most common pointing device used in PCs. Every mouse have two buttons and most have one or two scroll wheels.
- 24. Touch screen -a display screen that is sensitive to the touch of a finger or stylus. Use in myriad applications,including ATM machines,retail point of sale terminals,car navigation and industrial controls. The touch screen became wildlypopular for smart phones and tablets
- 25. Light Pen -A light-sensitive stylus wired to a video terminal used to draw pictures or select menu options.The user brings the pen to the desired point on screen and presses the pen button to make contact
- 26. Digitizer Tablet -a graphics drawing tablet used for sketching new images or device with a wired or wireless pen or puck. Often mistakenly called a mouse,the puck is officially the tablet cursor
- 27. 2.SCANNING DEVICES -A DEVICE THAT CAN READ TEXT OR ILLUSTRATIONS PRINTED ON PAPER AND TRANSLATES THE INFORMATION INTO A FORM THE COMPUTER CAN USE. 3.VOICE-INPUT DEVICES -AUDIO INPUT DEVICES ALSO KNOWN AS SPEECH OR VOICE RECOGNITION SYSTEMS THAT ALLOW A USER TO SEND AUDIO SIGNALS TO A COMPUTER FOR PROCESSING,RECORDING, OR CARRYING OUT COMMANDS
- 30. C. Output Devices -any piece of computer displays result after the processed the input data that been entered.
- 31. 1.Computer Display Monitor -it displays information in visual form, using text and graphics. The portion of the monitor that displays the information is called the screen or video display terminal.
- 32. TYPES OF MONITOR A.CRT MONITORS - CATHODE RAY TUBES (CRT) WERE THE ONLY TYPE OF DISPLAYS FOR USE WITH DESKTOP PCS. THEY ARE RELATIVELY BIG (14" TO 16" DEEP) AND HEAVY (OVER 15 LBS). B.LCD MONITORS - LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY (LCD) TECHNOLOGY HAS BEEN USED IN LAPTOPS FOR SOME TIME. IT HAS RECENTLY BEEN MADE COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE AS MONITORS FOR DESKTOP PCS
- 33. c.LED Monitors (Light Emitting Diode) - A display and lighting technology used inalmost every electrical and electronic product on the market, from a tiny on/off light to digital readouts, flashlights, traffic lights and perimeter lighting
- 34. 2. LCD Projectors- utilize two sheets of polarizing material with a liquid crystal solution between them. An electric current passed through the liquid causes the crystals to align so that light cannot pass through them.Each crystal, therefore, is like a shutter, either allowing light to pass through or blocking the light
- 35. 3.Smart Board -A type of display screen that has a touch sensitive transparent panelcovering the screen, which is similar to a touch screen.
- 36. 4.Printer - A device that prints text or illustrations on paper. Types of printer Ink-Jet or Bubble-Jet Printer - print ink at a sheet of paper. Ink- jet printers produce high-quality text and graphics
- 37. Laser Printer - Uses the same technology as copy machines. Laser printers produce very high quality textand graphics
- 38. LCD and LED Printer- Similar to a laser printer, but uses liquid crystals or light- emitting diodes rather than a laser to produce an image on the drum
- 39. Line Printer - Contains a chain of characters or pins thatprint an entire line at one time. Line printers are very fast,but produce low- quality print.
- 40. Thermal Printer An inexpensive printer that works by pushing heated pins against heat-sensitive paper. Thermal printers are widely used in calculators and fax machines.
- 41. Speakers - Used to play sound. They may be built into the system unit or connected with cables. Speakers allow you to listen to music and hear sound effects from your computer.
- 42. D. Ports - External connecting sockets on the outside of the computer. This is apathway into and out of the computer. A port lets users plug in outside peripherals, such as monitors, scanners and printers
- 43. Type of Port Function Illustration The Ports and their functions Type of Port Function Illustrations Serial Port Intended for serial type mouse and older camera Parallel Port Also called as printer port. This is only for old model printer. It has 25 pins. It is a female port. VGA (Video Graphic Array) Port Used to connect monitors. It has 15 pins and it is a female port. USB (Universal Serial Bus) Port High speed serial interface that is used with almost all devices. It is used to connect latest model printers, pen drives, cell phones etc. it has 4 pins.
- 44. Type of Port Functions Illustration PS/2 Port Simple, 6-pin, low-speed serial connections commonly dedicated to a keyboard and mouse. Power Port Intended for power cord. S-Video Port S-Video connections are available on certain source components and video display devices, and offer a higher level of video performance over composite video signals.
- 45. Type of Port Functions Illustrations Audio Port Intended for plugging in the speaker or headset. LAN (Local Area Networking) Port A physical interface often used for terminating twisted pair type cables used to connect computers onto a local-area networks (LAN), especially Ethernet RJ-45 connectors
- 46. E. Cables and Wires A cable is most often two or more wires side by side and bonded, twisted or braided together to single assembly, but can also refer to a heavy strong rope.
- 47. Illustration Function These jacks are intended for the PS/2 port specifically for PS/2 type of keyboard and mouse. This type of jack is intended for the audio and microphone port.
- 48. Illustration Functions S-video jack is obviously for S-Video port This monitor jack is intended for the VGA (Video Graphic Array) port
- 49. Illustration Functions This USB (Universal Serial Bus) plug is intended for USB port. Modern or new model of peripherals like printer, camera, scanners and even other portable computer attachments used USB type of plugs. This printer cable jack is intended for the parallel port.
- 50. Illustration Functions RJ45 ("RJ" in RJ45 stands for "registered jack," since it is a standardized networking interface and the "45" simply refers to the number of the interface standard) is a type of connector commonly used for Ethernet networking. Power cord is the most important cord because it connects the computer to the main source of electricity to make it functional.
- 51. 1.2 Software is the set of instructions (also called a program) that guides the hardware to operate effectively. Software can be split into two main types: 1. System Software – Any software required to support the production or execution of application programs, but which is not specific to any particular application. Common operating systems include Windows, the Macintosh OS, OS/2 and UNIX
- 53. 2. Application Software Designed to help the user to perform singular or multiple related tasks. Examples of application software are as follows: a. Word processing software - Creates, edits, saves, and prints documents. Example: MS Word, WordPerfect, Ami Pro, MacWrite.
- 54. b. Spreadsheet software - An electronic spreadsheet consisting of rows and columns is used to present and analyze data. Example: MS Excel, Lotus 123, Quattro Pro. c. Database management software - Used to structure a database, a large collection of computer programs. Data is organized as fields and records for easy retrieval. Example: MS Access, dBase, Fox Pro, Oracle.
- 55. d. Graphic software - Graphics programs display results of data manipulation for easier analysis and presentation. Example: Macromedia Flash, Harvard Graphics, 3D Studio Max, Adobe Photoshop 1.3 People ware - Refers to people involved in the data processing operations such as the system administrator, office workers, students and others.