concepts-of-computer. hehehehehe1234.pptx
- 2. WHAT IS COMPUTER ? Computer is an electronic device. Can store large amounts of data. Can performing operations on data. Performing given function on the data & displays the result as output. Process data whenever needed. Known from ‘to compute’
- 3. WHAT IS PROCESS? Computer works on data as per programmed is called process. Processing means operations like….. Calculations, Outputting data, Communicating with others computer etc.
- 4. HARDWARE VS. SOFTWARE Hardware • The computer equipment • Includes printers, monitors, disk drives, etc. Software • Programs which tell the computer what to do • Examples - word processing, gradebook, tutorials, games, etc.
- 6. COMPUTER HARDWARE • Case • Power switch • Reset switch • Hard drive • Floppy • CD/DVD Ports • USB port • Keyboard/mouse • Network card • Modem • Sound card • Video card • RAM • Motherboard • Fan • Cables
- 7. THE BASIC SYSTEM INCLUDING KEYBOARD, MOUSE AND MONITOR AND SYSTEM UNIT.
- 9. INPUT DEVICES - MONITOR A computer monitor is an output device that displays information in pictorial or textual form. A discrete monitor comprises a visual display, support electronics, power supply, housing, electrical connectors, and external user controls.
- 10. INPUT DEVICES - MOUSE • Controls cursor on screen • May be mechanical or optical • Most models have a “wheel” for scrolling
- 11. INPUT DEVICES - KEYBOARD A keyboard is for putting information including letters, words and numbers into your computer. You press the individual buttons on the keyboard when you type.
- 12. SYSTEM UNIT What is system unit of a computer? A system unit is the part of a computer that houses the primary devices that perform operations and produce results for complex calculations. It includes the motherboard, CPU, RAM and other components, as well as the case in which these devices are housed.
- 13. WHAT IS IN THE BOX? SYSTEM UNIT
- 14. CPU CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT The CPU is the brain of a computer, containing all the circuitry needed to process input, store data, and output results.
- 15. CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT • Also called CPU, processor or microprocessor • Is the “brains” of the computer • Performs all computer operations
- 16. WHAT IS IN THE BOX? MOTHERBOARD
- 17. TYPICAL PARTS OF A MOTHERBOARD.
- 18. CABLING For items in or attached to a system to work properly they must be Securely connected.
- 19. TYPES OF COMPUTERS – PERSONAL COMPUTERS (PC) • Also called Microcomputers • Available in desktop size, notebook size and handheld • Can be IBM, IBM Compatible or Apple 19
- 20. CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTERS Personal computer : A single-user computer Can be useful at School, Home, etc. Known as Micro Computer Laptop, Desktop Workstation : A powerful, single-user computer. A workstation is like a personal computer, but it has a more powerful microprocessor higher-quality monitor. Can be found in companies etc.
- 21. TYPES OF COMPUTERS - MINICOMPUTERS • Size of filing cabinet • Used by small and medium size companies and institutions • Operated by computer specialist • Terminals allow many people to use 21
- 23. TYPES OF COMPUTERS - MAINFRAMES • Very powerful • Very fast • Used by large corporations and governmental agencies • Operated by computer specialist 23
- 25. TYPES OF COMPUTERS- SUPERCOMPUTERS • Most powerful • Fastest • Most expensive – Several million dollars each • Used only by – Governmental agencies – Large international corporations 25
- 27. INTERNAL MEMORY - ROM • ROM - Read Only Memory – Can read info Stored in ROM – Can not write new info into ROM • Used for “internal workings” of computer • Buyer is not very concerned with ROM 27
- 29. INTERNAL MEMORY - RAM • RAM - Random Access Memory • CPU can access any location as quickly as any other • Can not only read current info but also write new info • Very important in determining capabilities of the computer system • Computer should have at least 256 megs - 512 preferred (can add to later) 29
- 32. FLOPPY DRIVES • Comes in 5 1/4” and 3 1/2” – All systems now only have 3 1/2” • HD - High density - comes on all current systems – 3 1/2” - 1.44 megs 32
- 33. HARD DRIVES • Built into machine • Made up of stack of platters • Can store much more than floppy drives • 40 gigabytes should be minimum • Can access info much faster than floppy drive 33
- 34. CD ROM • Same as music CDs • Are read only • Can store over 650 megs • All programs now only sold on CD • Make multimedia possible • Come in different speeds - 20x, - 50x 34
- 35. DVD-ROM • Digital Video Disk • Can store up to 17 GB • Can store full-length movies • Can also read CD-ROM disk 35
- 36. CD-RW & DVD-RW DRIVES • Allows you to write to disk • Useful for • Data backup • Storage of large files • Recording music and other multimedia files • DVD-RW • Allows you to write to both CD and DVD disk • Still somewhat expensive 36
- 38. STORAGE DEVICES - OTHER • USB drive – Very popular – 64-512 MB • Tape drive – Similar to cassette tape – Used for backup • Zip drive – 100 MB to 2 GB capacity – Everyday use and backup 38
- 39. DRIVES - BUYING ADVICE • 40 gigabyte hard drive • One 3 1/2” high density floppy drive • CD-RW drive • DVD not yet essential but useful 39
- 40. PORTS • Connects computer to another device • Parallel port • Used primarily by printers • Serial ports • Modem, mouse, etc. • SCSI - chain devices • USB –may be needed for • Digital Cameras • Mp3 players • Other devices 40
- 42. NETWORKS • Connects computers • LAN - Local Area • WAN - Wide Area • Wireless • Allows sharing of programs, files, printers, etc. • Server is “main” computer 42
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- 44. •Computer Software Parts of computer, which can not be touch is called software. • Operating System Software : Windows, MAC, Linux • Application Software : MS Office, Photoshop, Media Player • Internet Browser Software: Internet Explorer, Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, etc.
- 45. APPLICATIONS SOFTWARE • Helps you to accomplish a certain task • Examples – Word processing - memos, reports, etc. – Spreadsheets - budgets, etc. – Database - search, sort, select data – Educational - simulations, practice – Graphics - charts, diagrams – Desktop publishing - pamphlets, etc. 45
- 46. PC SOFTWARE CHARACTERISTICS • User-friendly • Easy • Minimum training and documentation needed to use
- 47. WORD PROCESSING • Uses • Memos • Reports • Correspondence • Minutes of meetings • Anything to be typed • Functions • Create • Edit • Format • Store • Print text and graphics
- 48. DESKTOP PUBLISHING •Uses • Newsletters •Reports • Brochures •Functions • Handles high-level publishing needs
- 49. ELECTRONIC SPREADSHEETS • Uses • Comparing mortgage interest rates • Preparing budgets • Tracking weight loss • Functions • Manipulates numbers in rows and columns • Recalculates the results when a number is changed • What if?
- 51. DATABASE MANAGEMENT • Uses • Keep track of a large number of related facts • Query the data for specific information • Retrieve information in a variety of ways • Functions • Store data • Update data • Manipulate data • Retrieve data • Print data in many forms • Report on data in a variety of ways
- 52. GRAPHICS • Uses • Maps • Graphs • Charts • Helps to • Compare data • Spot trends • Make decisions • Visual information is more compelling
- 53. PRESENTATION GRAPHICS • Uses • Sales tool • Demonstrate a product • Show cost/benefit projections on charts • Present audio/video testimonials from satisfied customers • May contain • Text • Graphics • Audio • Video
- 54. COMPUTER ART • Use software to – Produce art – Express ideas • Graphic artist – Artistic ability – Computer skills – Produces computer art
- 55. COMMUNICATIONS • Communicate from home with computer at office • Access data stored in another computer in another location • Stock exchange updates • Weather information
- 56. COMMUNICATIONS • Provides method for communicating between computers • Most likely way to connect is via the Internet • Use a browser to access the Internet
- 57. INTEGRATED APPLICATIONS • Combine basic word processing, spreadsheet, and graphics capabilities • More limited than a suite • Easier to learn and use
- 58. SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT FOCUS • Ease of use • Personal use programs •Personal time organizers •To-do list makers •E-mail programs • Internet access