![〜と
Natural consequence. If [X] happens, [Y] happens as a natural consequence.
1. Condition (Plain Present form)と Result (Plain/Polite)
電気を消すと、暗くなる
If you turn off the lights, it will get dark](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/conditionalforms-170328232409/85/Conditional-forms-2-320.jpg)
Conditional forms
- 1. Conditional Forms 〜と 〜たら 〜えば
- 2. 〜と Natural consequence. If [X] happens, [Y] happens as a natural consequence. 1. Condition (Plain Present form)と Result (Plain/Polite) 電気を消すと、暗くなる If you turn off the lights, it will get dark
- 3. ~たら form • More general conditional form. The consequence might be more subjective, not necessarily a natural consequence. Condition (Plain Past)たら、Result (Plain/Polite) • ひまだったら、あそびに行くよ If I’m free I will go and play. It can also mean “when” (especially when the consequence is in the past tense.) • アメリカに行ったら、ニューヨークで見物したいです。 When I go to America I want to do sightseeing in New York.
- 4. 〜ば form • Is another conditional which is a more regular “if ” without any assumptions or embedded meanings. It is generally interchangeable with ~たら. • 高くなければ、私も行く • If it’s not expensive, I will go. • 犬を買えば、家が汚くなるでしょう • If we buy a dog the house will probably get messy. きたな
- 5. 〜ば form ば is generally interchangeable with ~たら , however there is a slight nuance difference, in that ~たら focuses on the outcome/consequence/result. The ば form focuses on the condition. 友達に会えれば、買い物に行く。 We will go shopping, if I can meet my friend. 友達に会ったら、買い物に行く。 If I can meet my friend, we will go shopping.
- 6. ~ば form formation Weak verbs Change る to れば 食べる ＞ たべれば Strong verbs Change the last u character to the corresponding e character: 買う ＞ 買えば 行く ＞ いけば 話す ＞ はなせば 持つ ＞ 持てば 読む ＞ 読めば Verbs in negative form (weak and strong) Change the final ~ない to なければ 食べない ＞ 食べなければ 読まない ＞ 読まなければ *As per the HSC syllabus, this is a receptive use only. Production is optional
- 7. ~ば form formation い adjectives Change い to ければ 高い ＞ 高ければ な adjectives and nouns Add であれば 元気であれば 学生であれば Negative form Change the final ~ない to なければ 高くない ＞ 高くなければ 元気じゃない ＞ 元気じゃなければ 学生じゃない ＞ 学生じゃなければ *As per the HSC syllabus, this is a receptive use only. Production is optional