![Mixed Conditional: Structure
Themixedconditionalcantake twoforms:
•[If+typeIII conditional,typeIIconditional]
•[If+typeIIconditional,typeIIIconditional]
Thefirststructure ismore common. Checkoutthe example:
IfIhadtaken anaspirin,Iwouldn'thaveaheadachenow.
IfIhadstayed home, Iwouldn'thaveproblems now.
Nowlet'sseesome examplesofthe secondstructure:
IfIweren'tsoscared ofsnakes,Iwouldhavegonetothereptile zoo.
Inthisexample,'ifclause'isahypotheticalpresentsituationwithapastresult.
IfIweren'tmoving tomynewhousenextmonth, Iwouldhavecome toyourbirthdayparty.
Inthiscase,'ifclause'isahypotheticalfuturesituationwithapast result](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/conditionalspptfffff-240110130756-c3cd1d6a/85/Conditionals-PPT-fffff-ppt-15-320.jpg)
Conditionals PPT fffff.ppt
- 2. Plan Introduction Conditional Sentences: Variations in tenses Conclusi on .
- 3. Conditionals Sometimes the two parts of a conditional sentence refer to different times. This is called a mixed conditionalre sentences that combine the second and third conditional together.. Ready to learn?
- 4. The main clause usually has the verb will / shall. But we can also use: Going to: If Helen passes her exams, I'm going to buy her a present. Future continuous: If we book this holiday, we'll be lying on the beach in two weeks` time. Future perfect: If they win the next match, they'll have won every match in the season. Imperative: If you need me, call me. Can / could, may / might, should / ought to, must If you don't eat your dinner, you can't have an ice cream.
- 5. The main clause usually has the modal would + infinitive. However, the modals could and might are also used and the infinitive can be in the continuous form: If we had more money, we wouldn`t be living here. If we had more money, we could go out more. If you asked Ali, he might do it for you.
- 6. The main clause usually has the modal would + perfect infinitive. However, we can also use the modals could and might + perfect infinitive. If I had known there was no more work to do, I could have stayed in bed. If the ambulance had come sooner, he might have been saved.
- 7. Zero Conditional • Uses: Use the zero conditional to talk about scientific facts, constant laws of nature, unchangeable rules, customs and personal routines. • Formula: present simple, present simple • Positive Example: If/When it is lunch time in London, it is breakfast time in New York. • Negative Example: If/When it is not below zero degrees Celsius, it is not snowing. • Notes: Either if or when can be used in the if-clause. First Conditional • Uses: Use the first conditional to talk about probable/possible conditions in the future, or for threats or warnings involving direct action. • Formula: present simple, future • Positive Example: If it rains tomorrow, I will bring my umbrella. • Negative Example: If you don´t like a food, don´t eat it. • Notes: You can use an imperative in the main clause You can use the present continuous or present perfect instead of the present simple.
- 8. Second Conditional • Uses: Use the second conditional to talk about unreal or hypothetical situations in the present or improbable events in the future. • Formula: past simple, would / wouldn´t + infinitive • Positive Example: If I met Obama, I would ask for his autograph. • Negative Example: If I didn´t have a small house, I would invite you all to a party. • Notes: You can use the past continuous instead of the past simple. • Instead of would, you can use could or might. Third Conditional • Uses: Use the third conditional to talk about past events that are untrue. • Formula: past perfect, would have / wouldn’t have + past participle • Positive Example: If you had paid attention, you would have known what to do. • Negative Example: If they had not been looking the other way, they would have seen the sign. • Notes: You can use the past perfect continuous instead of the past perfect.
- 9. Tense variations in conditional 2 The if clause usually takes the past simple. However, it is also possible to use: Past continuous: If you were coming with me, I`d give you a lift. Could If I could have the day off, I`d go with you. Were / was to: If you were to ask Steve, I`m sure he would do it.
- 10. Tense variations in conditional 3 The if clause is usually in the past perfect simple. However, we can also use the past perfect continuous or could + perfect infinitive. If he had been travelling in the car, he would have been killed too. If we could have got a taxi, we would have come round to see you.
- 11. Words other than if Unless I won`t go out unless he comes too. Even if Even if it rains, we`ll go to the match. If only If only I had money, I would go out more. As/so long as You can use the car as long as you take care of it. On condition (that) I`ll lend you the car on condition that you take care of it. Provided / providing (that) I`ll lend you the car provided that you take care of it. Assuming (that) Assuming that you take care of the car, I`ll lend it to you.
- 12. Suppose / supposing (that) Suppose you had a lot of money, would you give up work? What if What if you had a lot of money, would you give up work? Imagine Imagine you had a lot of money, would you give up work? In questions….
- 13. Mixed Conditionals When we talk about mixed conditionals, we are referring to conditional sentences that combine two different types of conditional patterns.
- 14. What Are Mixed Conditionals? Mixed conditionals are conditional sentences that combine elements oftype II conditionalsandtype III conditionals. They are used to describe ahypothetical or unreal situationin the present or futurethat is connected to a hypothetical or unreal situationin the past. In other words, mixed conditionals describe a present or future situation that is the result of a past hypothetical event that did notactuallyhappen.
- 15. Mixed Conditional: Structure Themixedconditionalcantake twoforms: •[If+typeIII conditional,typeIIconditional] •[If+typeIIconditional,typeIIIconditional] Thefirststructure ismore common. Checkoutthe example: IfIhadtaken anaspirin,Iwouldn'thaveaheadachenow. IfIhadstayed home, Iwouldn'thaveproblems now. Nowlet'sseesome examplesofthe secondstructure: IfIweren'tsoscared ofsnakes,Iwouldhavegonetothereptile zoo. Inthisexample,'ifclause'isahypotheticalpresentsituationwithapastresult. IfIweren'tmoving tomynewhousenextmonth, Iwouldhavecome toyourbirthdayparty. Inthiscase,'ifclause'isahypotheticalfuturesituationwithapast result
- 17. MIXED CONDITIONALS If-clauses canbemixedprovidedthattheymakesensewithina context. If-clause Main clause Type 3 If she had worked harder at university, She would have a degree now. Type 2 (she didn`t work hard at university so she doesn`t have a degree now. ) Type 2 If I were faster, I would have won the race. Type 3 (I´m not fast so I didn´t win the race.) Type2 If they were studying all morning, they will be tired now. Type 1 (they were studying so they are tired now.)
- 18. TimeandTense Mixed conditionals are used to describe hypothetical situations that connect past, present, and future events. They allow us to use different verb tenses to talk about actions that occur at different times. It's important to note that while verb tense and time are often related, they are not always the same. Forexample: Sheworked atahospital. Shewasworkingasanurse. These two examples do not have the same tense, but they are both referring to the same time, which ispast. Mixedconditionals aresentences thatuse twodifferent times.Check outthe examples: IfIhadslept earlier,Iwouldn'thavemissedmy appointment. Both the 'if clause' and the 'main clause' have the same time: past. But they have different tensesinthepast. IfIhadslept earlier,Iwouldbeatmyappointment now.
- 19. Themost common combinations ofmixedconditionalsare: Thistype ofmixedconditionalisusedtodescribeahypothetical presentor futureresultthatis theconsequenceofapastactionthatdidnot actuallyhappen.Thistype ofmixedconditionaldeals withchangingapastactionanditshypothetical present orfutureresult.However,it'simportant to note thattheresultcannotactuallyhappen becausewecannotchangethepast.Checkout the examples: IfIhadfinishedhighschool,Iwouldbe acollege student now. Hereinthisexample, thespeakerisnotacollegestudentnow,butheistalkingaboutachange inthepastanditsresult. Wewouldbegetting marriedifyou hadsaidyes. Mixed Conditionals: Functions 1-PastActionwithPresent Result
- 20. 2-Present ConditionwithPastResult The second type of mixed conditional is used to imagine a hypothetical present situation that is the result of a past action that did not actually happen. Ifshe weremore hardworking,she wouldhave succeeded. IfIweren't injured, Iwouldhave played.
- 21. This type of mixed conditional is used to describe a hypothetical situation in the present or future that is the result of a past action that did not actually happen. It helps us to explore how the present or future could be different if we had acted differently in the past. Let's explain this function with an example. Imagine that you are a soccer player and tomorrow you have an important match. You will probably stay home the night before the match, eat a healthy dinner,andtryto bewell-rested. Soyoumightsay: IfIdidn'thaveanimportant matchtomorrow, Iwouldhavestayed uplate. Here, the person means: I am not staying up late because I have an important match tomorrow. IfIwasn'tparticipating inamatch,Iwouldhaveeatenicecreamafterdinner. 3-Future Actionwith PastResult
- 22. 3rd Conditional Mixed Conditional Describes what the outcome would have been in the past, if things had happened differently in the past. Example: If Houda hadn’t given birth to a unicorn, she wouldn’t have gone to the hospital last night. • Describes what the outcome would be in the present, if things had happened differently in the past. • Example: If Houda hadn’t given birth to a unicorn, she wouldn’t be a mother today. What is the difference between the third conditional and the mixed conditional?
- 23. Mixed 3/2 Conditional • 3rd conditional in the if-clause followed by a 2nd conditional in the main clause Example: If he had taken the medication as prescribed, he wouldn't still be sick in bed. If Clause (3rd) Main Clause (2nd) If + had/hadn’t + past participle Would/wouldn’t + infinitive
- 24. Mixed 3/2 Conditional • With this combination we are describing what the outcome would be in the present, if things had happened differently in the past. the opposite of what actually happened Example: If she had taken reasonable precautions, she wouldn't be pregnant now. Hypothetical present outcome
- 25. Mixed 2/3 Conditional • 2nd conditional in the if-clause followed by a 3rd conditional in the main clause Example: If you weren´t so scary, you wouldn’t have made the baby cry. If clause (2nd) Main Clause (3rd) If + simple past Would/wouldn’t + have + past participle
- 26. Mixed 2/3 Conditional • With this combination we are describing ongoing circumstances or characteristics in relation to a past event. ongoing characteristic Example: If you weren't such a poor dancer, you would've got a job in the chorus line in that musical. past event
- 27. Mixed Conditinal Practice If you weren't so blind to his faults, you ________that he was out to swindle you. (realize) If you weren't so blind to his faults, you would've realized that he was out to swindle you. • If he hadn't run after the car thief and suffered a heart attack, he ___ (die). • If he hadn't run after the car thief and suffered a heart attack, he wouldn't have died. • She wouldn’t need a visa to work here if she _______ (be) born in Europe. • She wouldn’t need a visa to work here if she had been born in Europe. • Sam would have translated the letter for you if he ______ (speak) Russian. • Sam would have translated the letter for you if he spoke Russian.