conjunctivitis.pdf
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Adenoviral conjunctivitis, commonly known as 'pink eye,' is a highly contagious condition caused by adenoviruses, manifesting symptoms such as redness, watery discharge, itching, and swelling of the eyes. The infection typically resolves on its own within 2-4 weeks, and treatment is supportive, focusing on symptom relief and hygiene to prevent spread. Preventative measures include hand hygiene, avoiding close contact with infected individuals, and isolating those infected, especially in communal settings like schools.
conjunctivitis.pdf
- 1. Viral conjunctivitis- Adeno virus Anup Muni Bajracharya
- 2. AdenoViral conjunctivitis Adenoviral conjunctivitis, also known as "pink eye is a common, self-limiting condition that typically is caused by adenovirus. These viruses belong to the Adenoviridae family It is caused by various serotypes of adenoviruses. There are more than 50 known strains of this virus. Adeno virus can cause a range of illnesses, including respiratory infections, gastrointestinal infections, and conjunctivitis.
- 3. Human adenoviruses Human adenoviruses (HADVs) are non-envelope, icosahedral, double-stranded DNA viruses and are classified within the family Adenoviridae, genus Mastadenovirus, and are further divided into seven species (A–G). Adenoviruses can cause an array of clinical diseases, including conjunctivitis, respiratory disease, hemorrhagic cystitis and gastroenteritis. Several adenoviruses including HAdV-8, HAdV-19 and HADV-37 (in HAdV-D) are responsible from severe and contagious Epidemic keratoconjunctivitis which can be related to a nosocomial infection or community acquired
- 4. Symptoms Redness: The whites of the eyes become red and irritated. Watery Discharge: Excessive tearing and watery discharge from the eyes. Itching: The eyes may feel itchy and uncomfortable. Foreign Body Sensation: Patients may feel as if there's something gritty or foreign in the eye. Swelling: Swelling of the eyelids and conjunctiva. Light Sensitivity: Increased sensitivity to light (photophobia). Blurred Vision: Vision may be blurred due to the discharge and irritation.
- 5. Transmission Adenoviral conjunctivitis is highly contagious and can spread through: Direct Contact: Touching an infected person's eye or secretions, then touching one's own eyes. Indirect Contact: Touching contaminated surfaces (doorknobs, towels) and then touching the eyes. Patients should avoid touching their eyes, shaking hands, and sharing towels, napkins, pillow cases, and other fomites, among other activities. Transmission may occur through accidental inoculation of viral particles from the patient's hands or by direct eye contact with infected upper respiratory droplets, fomites, or contaminated swimming pools. The infection usually resolves spontaneously within 2-4 weeks.
- 6. Treatment Adenoviral conjunctivitis is usually a self-limiting condition, and symptoms often resolve on their own within a week or two. There is no specific antiviral treatment for adenoviral conjunctivitis. Supportive care includes: Artificial Tears: Lubricating eye drops to alleviate discomfort. Cold Compresses: Applying cool compresses to reduce swelling and soothe the eyes. Hygiene: Frequent hand washing and avoiding touching the eyes can help prevent spreading the infection. Isolation: Infected individuals should avoid close contact with others, especially in settings like schools or daycare centers.
- 7. Prevention Preventive measures include: Hand Hygiene: Frequent hand washing with soap and water, especially after touching the eyes or coming into contact with potentially contaminated surfaces. Avoiding Close Contact: Limit close contact with infected individuals, especially in crowded settings. Good Respiratory Hygiene: Covering the mouth and nose when sneezing or coughing to prevent respiratory droplet transmission. Avoiding sharing personal items such as towels, pillowcases, and eye makeup. Practicing good hygiene in public spaces, such as regularly disinfecting surfaces that may come into contact with hands and eyes. Isolating infected individuals, especially in places like schools or daycare centers, to prevent outbreaks.
- 10. Reference Shafiei K, Makvandi M, Teimoori A, Samarbafzadeh A, Khataminia G, Jalilian S, Neisi N, Makvandi K, Haj MS. Frequency of adenovirus serotype 8 in patients with Keratoconjunctivitis, in Ahvaz, Iran. Iran J Microbiol. 2019 Apr;11(2):129-136. PMID: 31341567; PMCID: PMC6635320. https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1191370-overview?form=fpf https://www.healthline.com/health/eye-health/adenoviral-conjunctivitis