Core plug test
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The aim of the experiment was to prepare a core plug sample from a rock core by cutting a cylindrical plug using a core plug machine and saw. Core plugs are typically 1-1.5 inches in diameter and 1-3 inches long, cut either perpendicular or parallel to the axis of the core. Properties of the core like porosity and permeability are then measured on the core plugs. The necessary instruments used were a core plugging machine, radial saw, and diameter ruler. Safety precautions like lab coats and gloves were required during cutting and plugging of the rock sample.
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Introduction:
A plug, or sample, taken from a conventional core for analysis. Core
plugs are typically 1 in. to 1 1/2 in. [2.5 to 3.8 cm] in diameter and
1 in. to 2 in. [5 cm] long. Core plugs are ordinarily cut perpendicular
to the axis of the core or parallel to the axis, called horizontal and
vertical plugs, respectively, when cut from a vertical wellbore. The
terms horizontal and vertical are often applied for cores cut from a
deviated or horizontal wellbore, even though they are not strictly
correct unless core orientation is measured and plugs are cut to
the true in-situ orientation.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/1coreplugtest-muhammadfaisal-151220012630/85/Core-plug-test-5-320.jpg)
Core plug test
- 1. 1 Petroleum department 3rd stage Group (A4) Reservoir Lab 1st Experiment: Core Plug Test Date of experiment: November 19th 2015 Supervised by: Mr. Haval Hawez Prepared by: Muhammad Faisal
- 2. 2 Aim of experiment: The aim of this experiment is to prepare a typical core plug by removing the plug of the sample rock by the core plug machine then adjusting the plug by a special laboratory saw to match our requirements from shape and size.
- 3. 3 Theory: A core plug sample refers to a much smaller portion or subsample of the whole core sample. A core plug sample is obtained by cutting cylindrical plugs of typically 1 or 1.5 in. in diameter and of lengths up to 3 in... From a whole core. All necessary rock properties are typically measured on a number of such core plug samples. Generally, core plugs are cut from whole core samples in two different orientations: perpendicular or parallel to the axis of the whole core. These core plugs, when drilled from a whole core from a vertical well bore, are called horizontal and vertical plugs respectively. The determination of rock properties using core plugs has some distinct advantages such as relatively short amount of test duration and ease of maintaining experimental conditions. A diagrammatic representation of core plugs cut from a whole core sample is shown in Figure below. The measurement of rock properties on core plugs is probably the most common practice in the petroleum industry.
- 4. 4 The data derived from core analysis are typically utilized by geologists, petro physicists, completion engineers, and reservoir engineers. This particular data allocation is best described by Figure below. (Anon., 2013)
- 5. 5 Introduction: A plug, or sample, taken from a conventional core for analysis. Core plugs are typically 1 in. to 1 1/2 in. [2.5 to 3.8 cm] in diameter and 1 in. to 2 in. [5 cm] long. Core plugs are ordinarily cut perpendicular to the axis of the core or parallel to the axis, called horizontal and vertical plugs, respectively, when cut from a vertical wellbore. The terms horizontal and vertical are often applied for cores cut from a deviated or horizontal wellbore, even though they are not strictly correct unless core orientation is measured and plugs are cut to the true in-situ orientation.
- 6. 6 Instruments and devices: Core plugging machine radial saw
- 7. 7 Diameter ruler Test procedures: Caution: the device used in this experiment are extremely dangerous. Before the lab begins full information should be obtained. Lab coat, safety glasses and gloves are necessary for this test. 1) Core slabbing: If the rock is big then it should first be cut by another method Put the sample on the table · Check the tension on the pulleys Adjust the direction of water line on both saw and sample Check water tanks and fill them if they are empty Start the water pump and check the direction of water and check the flow Start the saw by pressing the start bottom Cut the sample by screwing up and down of the saw and pushing the sample table of machine Press the stop button Unclamp the core sample 2) Plugging using plug drill Press machine: Check the tension on the pulleys Check the direction of the spindle Fill the recycling tank Screw down the core drill and lock it in place
- 8. 8 Mount a core sample and lock it firmly in the clamping unit Adjust the lower stop on the core drill. 1-2 mm before the end of slab is sufficient for prevention of plugging the sample in plug driller. Touching of the driller with table causes severe damage to the driller. Close the core drill protective housing Press the Start button Open the irrigation taps Check the flows Cut the core sample Press the « Stop » button Unclamp the core sample 3) Measuring the plugs dimensions with the ruler.
- 9. 9 Discussion: Q1) what is the main problem associated with core plug data? A1) the main problem is alternation of core between the reservoir and the laboratory permeameter, and the method of averaging core plug values to give a macroscopic layer permeability. (Stewart, 2011) Q2) what are the data we get from core plugs? A2) porosity, permeability, rock type, lithology, fluid type, fluid saturation…. Q3) why does the Radial saw and the core plug machine have cooling systems? A3) to protect the saw and the core bit from damage and the heat generated by the high friction and for safety as well to prevent any launched sparks and splinters.
- 10. 10 References: Anon., 2013. Petroleum ReservoirRock and Fluid Properties, Second Edition. 2 ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press. Lamber, S. J., 1980. Recommended Analysis Plan for the Borehole Plugging Program Potash Core Test. 1 ed. Department of Energy,USA: Sandia National Laboratories. Stewart, G., 2011. Well Test Design & Analysis. 1 ed. Tulsa,Oklahoma:PennWell Corporation.
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