Covering And Data Analysis
- 1. AGENDA Announcement: The IUP Student Chapter of the Pennsylvania Prison Society is pleased to announce another event in their Understanding Crime and Justice Series . On Wednesday April 7, 2010 from 6:30 pm to 8:30 pm in Eberly Auditorium, local and regional members who work with the Innocence Project in Pennsylvania and New York ( http://www.PrisonSociety.org ). Covering by kenji yoshino Times of Harvey Milk—An Oscar-winning documentary Data analysis
- 2. covering The hidden assault on our civil rights Kenji Yoshino
- 3. What is covering? “ Covering” is sociologist Erving Goffman’s term for how we try to “tone down” stigmatized identities, even when those identities are known to the world. Examples of covering: Religious covering, gay covering, sex-based covering, racial covering, disability-based covering
- 4. The story of uncovered selves… All of us struggle for self expression; we all have covered selves… (p.25) Everyone covers. To cover is to downplay a disfavored trait so as to blend into the mainstream. Because all of us possess stigmatized attributes, we all encounter pressure to cover in our daily lives. Kenji Yoshino
- 5. How do we all cover? Racial minorities are pressed to “act white” by changing their names, languages, or cultural practices. Women are told to “play like men” at work. Gays are asked not to engage in public displays of same-sex affection. The devout are instructed to minimize expressions of faith, and individuals with disabilities are urged to conceal the paraphernalia that permit them to function.
- 6. Who is Kenji Yoshino? Professor of Constitutional Law at the NYU School of Law. received his undergraduate degree from Harvard College, took a Rhodes Scholarship to Oxford University earned his law degree at Yale Law School. A specialist in constitutional law, antidiscrimination law, and law and literature http://www.kenjiyoshino.com/
- 7. What genre is Yoshino using in his writing? Personal narrative, or as he calls, literary narrative Legal arguments Autobiography Personal Story: a story against demands of assimilation Examples drawn from his personal experiences Cites important works on civil rights to strengthen his claims His main argument: SEE PAGE 27!
- 8. What genre is Gladwell using in writing? Journalistic writing Argumentative, descriptive, expressive Case studies Observation notes Quantitative and Qualitative Research findings Not a direct personal narrative, but includes features of it. Cites scientific information Includes photos, examples of tipping points, Includes statistical information.
- 9. Remember… Research papers come in all shapes, sizes, forms, and disciplines. Different genres: argumentative, descriptive, narrative, analytic First, you need to know what you are writing about and who you are writing for.
- 10. Racial Covering Racial covering occurs when non-whites “act white” by modulating their behaviors. Individuals resist pressure to cover their race, ethnicity, gender or national origin by bringing lawsuits alleging discrimination (see the examples on page 130-140) Covering is unfortunately demanded in work force today. Covering if also rewarded.
- 11. Sex-based covering Discrimination against women has taken a different form from discrimination against other groups. Men have historically cherished women, so long as they conformed to the domestic role. If women are not “masculine” enough to be respected as workers, they will be asked to cover. If they are not “feminine” enough to be respected as women, they will be asked to reverse cover.
- 12. INTRODUCTION TO DATA ANALYSIS IN QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
- 13. What is your data? Interview transcripts Articles Video recordings Documentaries Visuals: Photos, advertisements Observation notes, field notes
- 14. What is Data Analysis? Steps of Data Analysis Get to know your data Good analysis starts with getting to know your data very well. Write down your impressions about your data. What can you find so far? Identify your main questions again AND look for answers in your data Identify themes and patterns (look at the language being used, phrases, words, photos etc…) Organize them into coherent cathegories
- 15. Findings emerging themes and categories Analysis is a breaking up, separating, or disassembling of research materials into pieces, parts, elements, or units. Reread your data and search for types, classes, sequences, processes, patterns, or wholes. Look at your data what emerging themes do you see? The aim of this process is to assemble or reconstruct the data in meaningful or comprehensible fashion (Jorgenson, 1989: 107).
- 16. Emerging categories Rather than bringing your own assumptions or preconceived categories and themes, you need to reread your data and find themes that recur in your data. So, categories are defined AFTER you worked on your data. Example # 1: What is the benefit of youth mentoring program? Responses to this question were sorted out: Benefits to youth, benefits to family, benefits to community. Example # 2: What makes a quality education program? Responses to this question were sorted out: Staff, relevance, participation, time , content
- 17. Some key language you can use… The interview results…the survey results…my analysis of media…my analysis on women’s photos…. suggest that….reveals…shows…demonstrates… Indicates…. Some of the common themes emerging in the data includes:…. One of the most intriguing responses that X gave is…
- 18. APRIL, 7 TH , 2010 ENGL 202
- 19. AGENDA Covering Analyzing Research Articles Looking over students’ data
- 20. Looking at research samples 1. Skim through the introduction sections of your sample research paper (at least know what the research questions are, and the methodology used to collect data) 2. Find the data analysis section of your sample articles. Data analysis is usually presented in sections titled as “Results”, “Analysis”, “Findings” 3. What are the results of the study? What themes did the researchers find? 4. Write a short paragraph summarizing the findings and results?