CRAFTING THE CURRICULUM.pptx by oding and company
- 1. CRAFTING THE CURRICULUM Presentor: JODITH B. CABAǸOG
- 2. LESSON 3 Approaches to Curriculum Design
- 3. Did you know? 6 Features of a Curriculum
- 4. 1.Who teaches? – The Teacher ●Quality education requires quality teachers. Good teachers bring a shining light into the learning environment. They are the ideal companion of the learners. ●With the advances of the communication technology, good teachers are needed to sort out the information from the data that surround the learners. ●The right individuals who are expected to be recruited are those with excellent and relevant preparation. ●These teachers should be given support with their continuing development in order to keep abreast with the changing demands of a learning society.
- 5. 2. Who do the teachers teach? – The Learners ●The learners are at the center stage of the educative process. ●Teachers should understand and accept the learners diverse background. ●Considering the domain of diversity of learners will allow the individual learners to develop his multiple intelligences at his own pace. ●Their needs should be addressed and be met that’s why teachers are to provide learning opportunities and varied experiences.
- 6. 3. What do the teachers teach? – Knowledge, Skills, Values ●To help the learners cope with the rapid changes to understand and to succeed in the new work in the workplace, we must design a curriculum oriented to tomorrow. ● It should be remembered that what the students learned will be obsolete in ten years and half of what they need to know to succeed in work and in life has not yet been fully developed and will have to be learned as they go along with the future.
- 7. 4. How do teachers teach? – Strategies and Methods ●To teach the teachers effectively, they must use appropriate methodologies, approaches and strategies “capped with compassionate and winsome nature”. ●Situations should be created to encourage learners to use higher order thinking skills. ●Good teachers utilize information derived from assessment to improve teaching and learning and adopt a culture of excellence.
- 8. 5. How much of teaching was learned? – Performance ●A curriculum should be clear at the beginning with what knowledge, skills and values should be developed by the learners. ●At the end of the teaching act, it is necessary to find out if the objectives set were accomplished. ●Performance is a feature of a curriculum that should be given emphasis.
- 9. 6. With whom do we teach? - Community Partners ●Teaching is a collaborative undertaking. While teachers are the focal point of the teaching process, they must draw upon the resources of the environment and of their partners to be effective. ●Teachers must establish relationship with NGO’s and their stakeholders.
- 11. Did you know? 1. Learner- centered curriculum design model 2. Subject- centered curriculum design model 3. Problem- centered curriculum design model
- 12. Learner- Centered Approach This approach to curriculum design is based on the underlying philosophy that the learner is the center of the educational process. It means that the curriculum constructed is based on the needs, interest, purposes and abilities of the learners. The curriculum is also built- upon the learner’s knowledge, skills and learning potentials.
- 13. An example of Learner- Centered Approach School X is anchored on the theory of multiple intelligences in all its curricular and co- curricular activities. Every classroom is made up of activity centers where learners are given time and opportunity to hone their skills and capacities. The activities for every learner is differentiated according to student’s abilities, interests, and need. Each learner is important and each capacity is respected. Learners are not compared with one another. Learners performances are compared against targets which they themselves set. The school does not believe in failure but in success. The teacher’s role is only to guide the learner of what he or she would like to accomplish. The learner sets the goal that can be done within the framework of time although the minimum requirements of the Department of Education is still be honored. At the end of the year, each learner’s performance is compared to his own set of goals through out the year, the learner is the center of education.
- 14. Subject- Centered Approach - anchored on the curriculum design which prescribes different and separate subject into one broad field, this approach consider the following: 1.The primary focus is the subject matter. 2. The emphasis is on bits and pieces of information which are detached from life. 3. The continuing pursuing of learning outside from school is not emphasized. 4. The subject matter serves as a means of identifying problems in living.
- 15. An example of Subject- Centered Approach In another setting, School Y aims to produce the best graduates in town. Each learner must excel in all academic fields in order to be on the top of the rank in every competition. Everyone must master the subject content. The higher the level of the cognitive intelligence, the better for the learner. Each learner must be excellent in all fields of discipline. This is the school that develops more the attitude of competition among themselves. Each student must not second to anyone. When preparing for a test, this school conduct for a cram reviews and practice a lot. The school gives emphasis on intellectual development and set aside emotional and psychomotor development. Success means master of the subject content.
- 16. Problem- Centered Approach This approach is based on curriculum design which assumes that in the process of living, students experience problems. Thus problem solving enables learners to become increasingly able to achieve or complete development as individuals. This approach is characterized by the following views and beliefs. 1.The learners are capable of guiding and directing themselves in solving problems, thus they become independent learners. 2. The learners are prepared to assume their civic responsibilities through direct participation in different activities. 3. The curriculum leads the learner in the recognition of the concerns and problems and seeking solutions. 4. The learners are considered problem solvers.
- 17. An example of Problem –Centered Approach School Z believes that a learner should be trained to solve real problems that come about because of the needs, interest, and abilities of the learners. Problems persistent in life and society that affect daily living are also considered. Most school activities revolve around solution to problem like poverty, drug problems, deterioration of positive values, environment concerns and many more. Since the school is using the problem-centered approach, case study as a method of teaching is popularly utilized. Practical work as a solution to the problem is also used, thus the development of business skills, social skills to solve problems are given emphasis. More and more schools or training are utilizing problem- centered approach.
- 18. THANK YOU!